The prognosis of heart failure in the general population: the Rotterdam Study
Open accessAbstract
AIMS: To determine the prognosis, cause of death, and its determinants in participants of the population-based Rotterdam Study who were found to have heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 5255 Rotterdam Study participants (aged 68.9+/-8.6 years, 3113 women) the presence of heart failure was determined. Data were analysed with Cox's proportional-hazards models. One hundred and eighty-one participants (age 77.3+/-7.9 years, 109 women) had heart failure. Of these 85 (47%) died during the 4.8-8.5 (mean 6.1) years of follow-up. One, 2 and 5 years' survival was 89%, 79%, and 59%, representing an age-adjusted mortality twice that of persons without heart failure (hazard ratio 2.1, 95% CI 1.8-2.7). The hazard ratio for sudden death was even more pronounced: 4.8, (95% CI 2.6-8.7). Diabetes mellitus, impairment of renal function and atrial fibrillation were associated with a poor outcome. A higher blood pressure and body mass index conferred a more favourable prognosis in those with heart failure. CONCLUSION: Heart failure generally afflicts older subjects in the community, carries a poor prognosis, especially in the presence of concomitant diseases, and confers a fivefold increase in the risk of sudden death.
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In the Netherlands, there was a significantly higher risk of death (HR 3.19) attributed to T2DM.
“and in the Netherlands a significantly higher risk of death (HR 3.19) 26 attributed to T2DM.”
From Type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure: A position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
In the Rotterdam study, T2DM was associated with an excess risk for cardiovascular death (HR 3.25) that was similar to the risk of all-cause mortality.
“Additionally, in the Rotterdam study, T2DM was associated with an excess risk for CV death (HR 3.25) that was similar to the risk of all-cause mortality.26”
From Type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure: A position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
A growing number of recent reports document a statistically significant survival benefit in obese patients once they have been diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases.
“While it is widely accepted that obesity increases the risk of developing heart disease, a growing number of recent reports document a statistically significant survival benefit in obese patients once they have been diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases (128, 144, 145, 200, 201, 211, 244).”
From Cardiac remodeling in obesity (2008) · cites this paper as [244]
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“[34]”
- Authors
- Mosterd, A.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Mosterd, A
- ORCID
- Mosterd, A
- Venue
- European Heart Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2001-08-01
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 1318-1327
- ISSN
- 0195-668X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2082800364
- Cited by
- 470
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 16.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.vumc.nl
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- European Heart Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart rate and cardiovascular health
- Keywords
- heart failure, prognosis, mortality, sudden death, older adults, community-dwelling population, diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, blood pressure, body mass index, Rotterdam Study
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Failure, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Prognosis, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Survival Analysis, Death, Sudden, Cardiac
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