Cited by 394Gut microbiota and healthDialysis and Renal Disease ManagementGastrointestinal motility and disorders

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Role of the Gut Microbiome in Uremia: A Potential Therapeutic Target

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Ramezani, Ali, Massy, Ziad A., Meijers, Björn, Evenepoel, Pieter, Vanholder, Raymond, Raj, Dominic S.·2016·American Journal of Kidney Diseases

DOI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.09.027PMC PMC5408507

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Abstract

Also known as the "second human genome," the gut microbiome plays important roles in both the maintenance of health and the pathogenesis of disease. The symbiotic relationship between host and microbiome is disturbed due to the proliferation of dysbiotic bacteria in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Fermentation of protein and amino acids by gut bacteria generates excess amounts of potentially toxic compounds such as ammonia, amines, thiols, phenols, and indoles, but the generation of short-chain fatty acids is reduced. Impaired intestinal barrier function in patients with CKD permits translocation of gut-derived uremic toxins into the systemic circulation, contributing to the progression of CKD, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and protein-energy wasting. The field of microbiome research is still nascent, but is evolving rapidly. Establishing symbiosis to treat uremic syndrome is a novel concept, but if proved effective, it will have a significant impact on the management of patients with CKD.

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Authors: Ramezani, A., Massy, Z. A., Meijers, B., Evenepoel, P., Vanholder, R., & Raj, D. S.
Affiliations: George Washington University (US)
Inserm (FR)
Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
Ghent University Hospital (BE)
Corresponding author: Raj, Dominic S.
ORCID: Ramezani, Ali
Massy, Ziad A.
Meijers, Björn
Evenepoel, Pieter
Vanholder, Raymond
Raj, Dominic S.
Venue: American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-03
Volume: 67
Issue: 3
Pages: 483-498
ISSN: 0272-6386 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.09.027
PMC: PMC5408507
OpenAlex: W2180350916
Cited by: 394
References: 165
Citations by year: 2026: 27 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 8
FWCI: 2.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: American Journal of Kidney Diseases (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (1R01DK073665-01A1, 1U01DK099924-01, 1U01DK099914-01)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords: gut microbiota, uremia, chronic kidney disease, uremic toxins, dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, short-chain fatty acids, protein fermentation, microbial translocation, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, protein-energy wasting, microbiota-based therapy
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Humans, Uremia, Disease Progression, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Early Medical Intervention, Dysbiosis

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Role of the Gut Microbiome in Uremia: A Potential Therapeutic Target

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