The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 2 of the 23 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Interleukin 6 Is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice
Open accessAbstract
The response to partial hepatectomy (PH) is impaired in interleukin 6 (IL–6)–deficient mice. IL–6 is well known for its role in the induction of the acute phase (AP) response, and the impairment of this response after surgery and hepatectomy could explain the defective hepatocyte regeneration. In addition, it was proposed that IL–6 has an important role in stimulating the reentry of quiescent cells into the cell cycle within the first 2 to 4 hours after PH. To further analyze the role for IL–6, we performed two third hepatectomies in wild–type mice, in IL–6 knockout (KO) mice, and in IL–6 KO mice that were treated 30 minutes before surgery with intravenous (IV) (short acting) or subcutaneous (SC) (long acting) injections of recombinant IL–6. The high postoperative mortality of IL–6–deficient mice could be completely prevented by SC, but not by IV IL–6 treatment, showing the requirement of a sustained action of IL–6. However, there is a subset of IL–6 KO mice that survives a PH in good health even without IL–6 treatment. When we analyzed these mice, we found an intact liver regeneration and no indication of a block in cell cycle reentry. We conclude that the major role of IL–6 is the induction of an adaptive response to PH that ensures body homeostasis and survival.
Overview
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Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
In IL-6-deficient mice, partial hepatectomy causes high mortality that can be rescued by subcutaneous but not intravenous IL-6, indicating that sustained IL-6/STAT3-dependent acute-phase signaling is required for survival. Surviving IL-6 knockout mice still regenerate liver mass through hepatocyte proliferation, with delayed cyclin D1/c-myc induction and compensatory cell-cycle mechanisms.
Key findings
- Seven-day survival after partial hepatectomy was 86% in wild-type controls versus 17% in untreated IL-6 knockout mice; subcutaneous IL-6 restored survival to 86%, whereas intravenous IL-6 did not rescue survival.
- Subcutaneous IL-6 produced later peak serum concentrations and prolonged STAT3 activation, and induced the acute-phase protein SAP; intravenous IL-6 did not induce SAP above constitutive levels.
- In IL-6 knockout mice that survived in good health, liver mass restoration was similar to wild-type mice; BrdU incorporation was lower at 40 hours after PH (17% vs. 27% nuclei stained) but not different at 48 or 60 hours.
- Cyclin D1 and c-myc up-regulation were absent early in IL-6 knockout livers, but cyclin E-CDK2 association was unchanged and cyclin D3-CDK6 lacked the inhibitor p27^Kip1 at 36 and 48 hours, suggesting compensatory cell-cycle progression.
Methods
- Eight- to 12-week-old IL-6-deficient mice and C57Bl/6J controls underwent two-thirds partial hepatectomy; IL-6 knockout mice received 500 ng/g body weight recombinant human IL-6 subcutaneously or intravenously 30 minutes before surgery.
- Survival was observed for 7 days; liver regeneration was assessed by liver weight, hepatocyte counts, and in vivo BrdU labeling at time points after PH.
- Molecular analyses included serum IL-6 ELISA, STAT3 electrophoretic mobility shift assay, Northern and Western blots for SAP, and Western blot/immunoprecipitation for cyclins D1/D2/D3, c-myc, CDK2/CDK6, and p27.
Limitations
- The paper states that loss-of-function models such as IL-6-deficient mice cannot distinguish between different functions of a cytokine because all functions are lost simultaneously.
- The paper notes that its BrdU results differ from prior work possibly because it excluded sick mice from regeneration analysis or because of different mouse strains.
- Evident from the text: regeneration and cell-cycle analyses were restricted to the subset of IL-6 knockout mice that survived in good health, while sick mice were euthanized and excluded, so findings may not represent all IL-6-deficient mice after PH.
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Claims the paper makes
2 of 23 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“From experiments with cyclin D1 KO mice, it is known that other D type cyclins can functionally replace cyclin D1 in most tissues.17,18”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Cell Cycle Analysis During Liver Regeneration in IL-6 KO Mice.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [17] Sicinski, 1995, Cell source
- Partly supportedcites [18] Fantl, 1995, Genes Dev sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Discussion (page not provided) proposes that D-type cyclins might substitute for one another, but also offers alternative signaling pathways as an explanation and says further experiments are needed to distinguish them. It therefore does not establish that other D-type cyclins functionally replace cyclin D1 in most tissues. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesThe cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Simi-lar results have been reported with a different strain of IL-6 -deficient mice.16”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Discussion
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [16] Sakamoto, 1999, Hepatology sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The “Sequential Liver Weight Before and After PH” section reports that liver-weight recovery was significantly impaired in IL-6-deficient mice at 48, 60, and 72 hours. The groups reached the same percentage of normal liver weight by 96 hours, so the claim holds for that endpoint but not for remnant liver growth throughout recovery. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When we analyzed these mice, we found an intact liver regeneration and no indication of a block in cell cycle reentry.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
“Contrary to previously published results, we do not find a significant inhibition of hepatocyte proliferation in those IL-6deficient mice that survive PH.”
- Also stated in: § Liver Regeneration in IL-6 -Deficient Mice That Survive After PH. · plain
“Interestingly, IL-6 KO mice that survived in good health after PH showed a very similar regain of liver weight as controls (Fig. 3A).”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: The IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy in good health are representative of all IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When we analyzed these mice, we found an intact liver regeneration and no indication of a block in cell cycle reentry.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: The IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy in good health are representative of all IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, there is a subset of IL-6 KO mice that survives a PH in good health even without IL-6 treatment.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It is noteworthy that the induction of the AP protein SAP is observed only after SC, and not after IV IL-6 treatment.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“Concentration of the AP protein SAP in the serum of mice after IV or SC injection of 500 ng/g bodyweight rhIL-6.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Discussion
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In agreement with this, the serum concentration of SAP was much more strongly up-regulated in mice after SC than after IV injection of IL-6 (Fig. 2D).”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > SC Injection of IL-6 Results in Prolonged STAT3 Activation and Induction of AP Proteins.
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Survival during the 7 days after surgery was 86% for controls and 17% for KO mice not treated with IL-6 (Fig. 1).”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Mortality After PH.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: IL-6 knockout mice and wild-type controls are comparable except for the IL-6 deficiency, including their genetic background.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We found a strong induction of SAP 8 and 24 hours after SC injection of 500 ng/g bodyweight rhIL-6 in IL-6 KO mice.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > SC Injection of IL-6 Results in Prolonged STAT3 Activation and Induction of AP Proteins.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We show here, that in the subset of IL-6 KO mice that survive in good health after PH, liver regeneration takes place without the induction of cyclin D1.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Discussion
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes
- It may state two separate claims as one. 19
- Probably not a substantial claim. 9
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The high postoperative mortality of IL-6 -deficient mice could be completely prevented by SC, but not by IV IL-6 treatment, showing the requirement of a sustained action of IL-6.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
“SC, but not IV, IL-6 injections can protect IL-6deficient mice from excess mortality.”
- Also stated in: § Mortality After PH. · plain
“SC IL-6 treatment allowed 86% survival, whereas an IV injection could not rescue the IL-6 KO mice.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: IL-6 knockout mice and wild-type controls are comparable except for the IL-6 deficiency, including their genetic background.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We found that the high mortality observed in IL-6 KO mice could be corrected by SC, but not by IV IL-6 substitution.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“SC injection of IL-6 resulted in survival of 86% (}), not different from the wild-type mice.The injection of the same amount of IL-6 into the tail vein could not improve survival of IL-6 KO mice (F).”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Discussion
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As shown in Fig. 5C and 5D, both cyclins are present in liver extracts, but neither of them is up-regulated during the G1 phase of the cell cycle.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Cell Cycle Analysis During Liver Regeneration in IL-6 KO Mice.
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy in good health are representative of all IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“a complex we found free of the inhibitor p27 Kip1 during liver regeneration in IL-6 KO mice, but not in controls.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Discussion
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In IL-6 KO mice, cyclin D1 up-regulation remains undetectable in the first 48 hours and is up-regulated only later, at 72 hours and 96 hours (Fig. 5A).”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Cell Cycle Analysis During Liver Regeneration in IL-6 KO Mice.
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy in good health are representative of all IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“SC IL-6 treatment allowed 86% survival, whereas an IV injection could not rescue the IL-6 KO mice.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Mortality After PH.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: IL-6 knockout mice and wild-type controls are comparable except for the IL-6 deficiency, including their genetic background.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The IV route resulted in a rapid but transient STAT3 activation that lasted 2 hours and was very weak after 4 hours.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > SC Injection of IL-6 Results in Prolonged STAT3 Activation and Induction of AP Proteins.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Indeed, peak concentrations were measured later (after 30 minutes vs. 10 minutes in IV-injected animals), and elevated IL-6 concentrations were found up to 4 hours after SC injections of 500 ng/g body weight rhIL-6 (Fig. 2A).”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > SC Injection of IL-6 Results in Prolonged STAT3 Activation and Induction of AP Proteins.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The cells look slightly larger in IL-6 KO mice, but are otherwise normal, without increased glycogen or fat content.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Liver Regeneration in IL-6 -Deficient Mice That Survive After PH.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy in good health are representative of all IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We found that 4.8% of the hepatocytes were binucleated in wild-type, and 5.8% in IL-6 KO mice, a difference that is not significant in our context.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Liver Regeneration in IL-6 -Deficient Mice That Survive After PH.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy in good health are representative of all IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“After SC application, STAT3 remained strongly activated in the first 4 hours and was detectable in electrophoretic mobility shift assays for up to 8 hours (Fig. 2B).”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > SC Injection of IL-6 Results in Prolonged STAT3 Activation and Induction of AP Proteins.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Interleukin 6 (IL-6) was identified as the principal activator of STAT3, whereas tumor necrosis factor ␣ (TNF-␣) induces NFB.7,8”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Abstract
What the sources say
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Several of these induced genes are target genes of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 and nuclear factor kappa B (NFB), two transcription factors that are activated early during liver regeneration.5,6”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Abstract
What the sources say
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Convincing evidence has been found that mitogenic signals for hepatocytes are transported in the blood 2,3 and that they induce a number of immediate early genes within 30 minutes after PH. 4”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Abstract
What the sources say
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“It was reported previously that IL-6 KO mice suffer from significant morbidity and mortality after PH and that the mice could be protected by SC injection of IL-6 30 minutes before surgery.7”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Mortality After PH.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [7] Cressman, 1996, Science source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The size of females was between 19 and 22 g, the size of males between 26 and 30 g, with no differences between KO animals and controls.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Animals.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In all experiments, controls were age-and sex-matched.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Animals.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“IL-6 KO mice do have fewer cells per area, but the difference is small and not compatible with a cell growth without division mechanism for restoration of liver mass in IL-6 KO mice.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Liver Regeneration in IL-6 -Deficient Mice That Survive After PH.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy in good health are representative of all IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For this experiment, only mice in a good state of health after PH were analyzed.”
- Also stated in: § Liver Regeneration in IL-6 -Deficient Mice That Survive After PH. · plain
“The sick mice were spared from further experiments and euthanized and not used for further analysis.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Liver Regeneration in IL-6 -Deficient Mice That Survive After PH.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The quote only partly states this claim.
- Also stated in: § Liver Regeneration in IL-6 -Deficient Mice That Survive After PH. · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Cell cycle progression in the KO mice is somewhat slower, but finally takes place with the help of compensatory cyclin D3-CDK6 activation.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Cell Cycle Analysis During Liver Regeneration in IL-6 KO Mice.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy in good health are representative of all IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Cyclin D1 is up-regulated during liver regeneration after PH, 7,28,29”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Discussion
What the sources say
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“overexpression of cyclin D1 in hepatocytes promotes hepatocyte proliferation in vitro and in vivo.30,31”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [30] Albrecht, 1999, Cell Growth Differ
- Not matchedcites [31] Nelsen, 2001, Cancer Res
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Furthermore, not only other D type cyclins, but also cyclin E can compensate for loss of D1. 19”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Cell Cycle Analysis During Liver Regeneration in IL-6 KO Mice.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [19] Bowe, 2002, Oncogene source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We conclude that IL-6 is not required for liver cell proliferation, but has an essential role in recovery and survival after PH.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Discussion
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“it is obvious that compensatory mechanisms correct for the absence of c-myc and cyclin D1 induction, because liver cell proliferation clearly takes place in IL-6 KO mice.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Discussion
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The induction of the cell cycle proteins c-myc and cyclin D1 helps to promote liver cell proliferation, but is not a requirement for liver regeneration.”
§ Interleukin 6 is Important for Survival After Partial Hepatectomy in Mice > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
IL-6 knockout mice and wild-type controls are comparable except for the IL-6 deficiency, including their genetic background.
“Eight-to 12-week old IL-6 -deficient mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, Maine; strain name B6; 129S2-Il6tm1Kopf; original reference 11) and C57Bl/6J mice (Biological Research Laboratories, Fu ¨llinsdorf, Switzerland) were used for the PH experiments.”
“In all experiments, controls were age-and sex-matched.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy in good health are representative of all IL-6 knockout mice that survive partial hepatectomy.
“For this experiment, only mice in a good state of health after PH were analyzed.”
“The sick mice were spared from further experiments and euthanized and not used for further analysis.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The subset of IL-6 KO mice that survived in good health after partial hepatectomy is representative for assessing whether IL-6 is required for liver cell proliferation.
“We then focused on the analysis of liver regeneration in the subset of IL-6 KO mice that survived well and in apparently good health after PH.”
“The different results of the BrdU labeling experiments in our work compared with the previous report 7 could result from our exclusion of all sick mice for the analysis of liver regeneration after PH, or from the use of different mouse strains.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“The IL-6-promoted liver regeneration was determined in IL-6 knockout mice, as the deletion of il6 impaired the compensatory proliferation of hepatocytes by reducing the downstream STAT3 activation [3, 4], thus promoting liver failure, which could be corrected by the treatment of IL-6.”
From The double-edged effects of IL-6 in liver regeneration, aging, inflammation, and diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [3]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“However, the deletion of il6 gene also impairs the hepatocyte homeostasis and liver regeneration [3–5].”
From The double-edged effects of IL-6 in liver regeneration, aging, inflammation, and diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Both PAMPs and LPS activate Kupffer cells, which subsequently synthesize two key cytokines—IL-6[45] and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)[46].”
From Liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy: Triggers and mechanisms (2025) · cites this paper as [45]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Hepatocyte counting uses a different number of fields
MinorThe methods say three fields were counted per mouse, but the results say two to three fields were counted per mouse.
“Three high-power microscope fields of 0.31 mm 2 each were counted per mouse and time point.”
“in 8 control mice and 5 IL-6 KO mice (2 to 3 fields for each mouse) 96 hours after PH.”
Figure 5D identifies different CDK partners
MinorThe Figure 5D heading names CDK4, whereas its description says the extracts were immunoprecipitated with CDK6 antibodies.
“(D) Association of cyclin D3 with CDK4 and p27 Kip1 .”
“Extracts were immunoprecipitated with either CDK6 antibodies or with p27 antibodies, followed by Western blots with cyclin D3 specific antibodies.”
Citations
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Impaired immune and acute-phase responses in interleukin-6-deficient mice
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Cyclin D1 provides a link between development and oncogenesis in the retina and breast
Sicinski, P., Donaher, J. L., Parker, S. B., Li, T., Fazeli, A., Gardner, H., Haslam, S. Z., Bronson, R. T., Elledge, S. J., & Weinberg, R. A. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90034-9 · Cited by 1,021
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Flagged first, then by citations
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- Rai, 1996, Am J Physiol, 270, g909
- Matsunami, 1992, Transplant Proc, 24, 1971
- Albrecht, 1999, Cell Growth Differ, 10, 397
- Nelsen, 2001, Cancer Res, 61, 8564
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–201 of 201
Bousaleh, M. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/d39b3d1bzaa47z40c1zbde5z90e63b846fc9
Metadata
- Authors
- Blindenbacher, A., Wang, X., Langer, I., Savino, R., Terracciano, L., & Heim, M. H.
- Affiliations
- University Hospital of Basel (CH)
- Magna Graecia University (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Heim, Markus H.
- Venue
- Hepatology
- Published
- 2003-09
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 674-682
- ISSN
- 0270-9139 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2048242463
- Semantic Scholar
- 78c7f4e4325ae9116023347a3571832ba7e4a329
- Cited by
- 202
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 6.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Keywords
- interleukin-6, partial hepatectomy, postoperative survival, acute phase response, liver regeneration, IL-6 knockout mice, homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Acute-Phase Proteins, Animals, Cell Cycle, DNA-Binding Proteins, Hepatectomy, Injections, Subcutaneous, Liver, Liver Regeneration, Time Factors, Trans-Activators, Interleukin-6, Survival Rate, Mice, Knockout, STAT3 Transcription Factor, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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