The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Weight Loss, Exercise, or Both and Physical Function in Obese Older Adults
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity exacerbates the age-related decline in physical function and causes frailty in older adults; however, the appropriate treatment for obese older adults is controversial. METHODS: In this 1-year, randomized, controlled trial, we evaluated the independent and combined effects of weight loss and exercise in 107 adults who were 65 years of age or older and obese. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group, a weight-management (diet) group, an exercise group, or a weight-management-plus-exercise (diet-exercise) group. The primary outcome was the change in score on the modified Physical Performance Test. Secondary outcomes included other measures of frailty, body composition, bone mineral density, specific physical functions, and quality of life. RESULTS: A total of 93 participants (87%) completed the study. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the score on the Physical Performance Test, in which higher scores indicate better physical status, increased more in the diet-exercise group than in the diet group or the exercise group (increases from baseline of 21% vs. 12% and 15%, respectively); the scores in all three of those groups increased more than the scores in the control group (in which the score increased by 1%) (P<0.001 for the between-group differences). Moreover, the peak oxygen consumption improved more in the diet-exercise group than in the diet group or the exercise group (increases of 17% vs. 10% and 8%, respectively; P<0.001); the score on the Functional Status Questionnaire, in which higher scores indicate better physical function, increased more in the diet-exercise group than in the diet group (increase of 10% vs. 4%, P<0.001). Body weight decreased by 10% in the diet group and by 9% in the diet-exercise group, but did not decrease in the exercise group or the control group (P<0.001). Lean body mass and bone mineral density at the hip decreased less in the diet-exercise group than in the diet group (reductions of 3% and 1%, respectively, in the diet-exercise group vs. reductions of 5% and 3%, respectively, in the diet group; P<0.05 for both comparisons). Strength, balance, and gait improved consistently in the diet-exercise group (P<0.05 for all comparisons). Adverse events included a small number of exercise-associated musculoskeletal injuries. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that a combination of weight loss and exercise provides greater improvement in physical function than either intervention alone. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00146107.).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Unopposed diet therapy without exercise in older frail adults ≥65 years with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) led to a marked loss of lean mass at 6 months and 1 year (−3.5 kg and −3.2 kg, respectively) compared with the diet and exercise group, where the loss of lean mass was partially mitigated (−1.7 kg and −1.8 kg, respectively)246.”
From Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: aetiology, epidemiology and treatment strategies (2018) · cites this paper as [246]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“CR resulting in an average total weight loss of 10% improved physical function as assessed with modified Physical Performance Test (PPT) by 12%; however, combining CR with regular exercise training led to a 21% improvement in PPT scores in comparison with placebo.”
From The Benefits of Exercise Training in Combination With Weight Loss Therapies (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“A study comparing the independent and combined effects of caloric restriction and exercise in 107 elderly (70 years) individuals with obesity reported that, after 12 months, the exercise group increased LM by 2.3% (11.3 kg), while the dietplus-exercise and diet-only groups experienced decreases in LM of 3.1% (À1.8 kg) and 5.2% (À3.2 kg).”
From Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition? (2024) · cites this paper as [70]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“weight loss improves global physical function, most likely because of reduced fat mass”
From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Several investigators found that a progressive resistance exercise training program in conjunction with a hypocaloric diet attenuated the weight-loss-associated loss of muscle mass in middle-aged and older men and women (55,65,66).”
From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The reductions in muscle mass in young and old men and women with obesity after diet-induced weight-loss of 8-10% were ;2-10% (47, 52-56, 59, 62-66).”
From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Diet-induced weight loss reduces muscle lipid content (assessed by X-ray attenuation or MRI) (52,62,63,74) and does not affect (55,65,93), or slightly decreases (48,52,56), leg muscle strength.”
From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Grip strength and global measures of physical function, such as balance, walking speed, or climbing stairs, improve after weight loss (52, 54-56, 93, 115, 127).”
From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“a combination of weight loss and regular exercise improved physical function and ameliorated frailty more than either intervention alone246”
From Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: aetiology, epidemiology and treatment strategies (2018) · cites this paper as [246]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“the addition of exercise training to CR reduced the loss of lean mass from 5% to 3% and decline in BMD at the hip from 3% to 1% (17).”
From The Benefits of Exercise Training in Combination With Weight Loss Therapies (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“diet-induced weight loss reduces muscle mass without adversely affecting muscle strength”
From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“both endurance-and resistance-type exercise help preserve muscle mass during weight loss”
From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“resistance-type exercise also improves muscle strength”
From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The combination with J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f exercise training had comparable if not greater effects than the singular weight-reducing diets regarding the reduction of BW and fat mass, while often preserving lean mass better than diet alone (289-291, 295-297, 299).”
From ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics (2022) · cites this paper as [289]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Twelve RCTs were identified that compared the effects of a dietary weight loss intervention alone to a combination of the same dietary intervention with an exercise intervention in older persons (288)(289)(290)(291)(292)(293)(294)(295)(296)(297)(298)(299).”
From ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics (2022) · cites this paper as [289]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Moreover, for several physical and strengthperformance measures, greater improvements were observed in the combined groups than in the diet-only groups (288-291, 293-297, 299).”
From ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics (2022) · cites this paper as [289]
In the citing paper
“Weight loss due to diet alone in older adults with obesity leads to loss of lean tissue (muscle and bone), exacerbating age-related sarcopenia and osteopenia [390].”
From Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR) (2025) · cites this paper as [390]
In the citing paper
“This finding is consistent with a previous study of exercise performance and weight loss, where obese adults who exercised during weight loss exhibited VO2 max levels greater than those who dieted alone [24].”
From Antibody blockade of activin type II receptors preserves skeletal muscle mass and enhances fat loss during GLP-1 receptor agonism (2024) · cites this paper as [24]
In the citing paper
“Dietary intervention produces greater weight loss, whereas physical activity produces better physical function, although the combination of interventions provides superior improvement in physical function than either intervention alone [66].”
From Obesity pharmacotherapy in older adults: a narrative review of evidence (2025) · cites this paper as [66]
In the citing paper
“muscle loss following diet-induced intentional weight loss may be more frequently observed in older adults with pre-existing sarcopenia159,165,167.”
From Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a clinical overview (2024) · cites this paper as [167]
In the citing paper
“Several clinical trials have shown that nutrition interventions and physical exercise improve relevant parameters regarding sarcopenic obesity such as grip strength, body fat and muscle mass [5, 13–17].”
From Effects of nutrition and exercise interventions on persons with sarcopenic obesity: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (2023) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“which may be a key mediator through which DR improves physical performance.(Jensen, Roy, Buchanan, and Berg 2004;Villareal, Chode, Parimi, Sinacore, Hilton, Armamento-Villareal, Napoli, Qualls, and Shah 2011)”
From Successful aging: Advancing the science of physical independence in older adults (2015) · cites this paper as Villareal, Chode, Parimi, Sinacore, Hilton, Armamento-Villareal, Napoli, Qualls, and Shah 2011
In the citing paper
“Although the weight loss plus exercise group showed the greatest improvements, the DR weight loss only group performed significantly better than the control group on measures of physical function.”
From Successful aging: Advancing the science of physical independence in older adults (2015) · cites this paper as Villareal, Chode, Parimi, Sinacore, Hilton, Armamento-Villareal, Napoli, Qualls, and Shah 2011
In the citing paper
“In a one-year randomized controlled trial examining DR weight loss alone, exercise alone, and weight loss plus exercise compared to an educational control group, significant benefits related to physical function were found for all intervention groups.(Villareal, Chode, Parimi, Sinacore, Hilton, Armamento-Villareal, Napoli, Qualls, and Shah 2011)”
From Successful aging: Advancing the science of physical independence in older adults (2015) · cites this paper as Villareal, Chode, Parimi, Sinacore, Hilton, Armamento-Villareal, Napoli, Qualls, and Shah 2011
In the citing paper
“Although age and diabetes conspire to reduce fitness and strength, physical activity interventions improve functional status in older adults91 with and without diabetes.”
From Diabetes in Older Adults: A Consensus Report (2012) · cites this paper as [91]
In the citing paper
“Even modest exercise can lead to improvement in features of the metabolic syndrome (29) and to improvements in muscle mass, bone density, and physical function in such men (30).”
From A Perspective on Middle-Aged and Older Men With Functional Hypogonadism: Focus on Holistic Management (2017) · cites this paper as [30]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Guralnik, J. M., Simonsick, E. M., Ferrucci, L., Glynn, R. J., Berkman, L. F., Blazer, D. G., Scherr, P. A., & Wallace, R. B. (1994) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/49.2.m85 · Cited by 9,792
Prevalence and Trends in Obesity Among US Adults, 1999-2008
Flegal, K. M. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.2014 · Cited by 7,580
Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001
Mokdad, A. H., Ford, E. S., Bowman, B. A., Dietz, W. H., Vinicor, F., Bales, V. S., & Marks, J. S. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.1.76 · Cited by 5,866
Messier, S. P., Loeser, R. F., Miller, G. D., Morgan, T. M., Rejeski, W. J., Sevick, M. A., Ettinger, W. H., Pahor, M., & Williamson, J. D. (2004) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20256 · Cited by 1,065
Villareal, D. T., Apovian, C. M., Kushner, R. F., & Klein, S. (2005) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/82.5.923 · Cited by 880
Self-citationBinder, E. F., Schechtman, K. B., Ehsani, A. A., Steger‐May, K., Brown, M., Sinacore, D. R., Yarasheski, K. E., & Holloszy, J. O. (2002) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50601.x · Cited by 549
Self-citationKalantar‐Zadeh, K., Kopple, J. D., Block, G., & Humphreys, M. H. (2001) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.v12122797 · Cited by 514
Frailty: An Emerging Geriatric Syndrome
Ahmed, N. N., Mandel, R., & Fain, M. J. (2007) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.10.018 · Cited by 461
Physical frailty and body composition in obese elderly men and women
Villareal, D. T., Banks, M., Siener, C., Sinacore, D. R., & Klein, S. (2004) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2004.111 · Cited by 459
Self-citationSarcopenic Obesity: The Confluence of Two Epidemics
Roubenoff, R. (2004) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2004.107 · Cited by 453
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Host H, 1996, Phys Ther, 76, S23
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 1,001
Skeletal muscle mass and risk of death in an elderly population
Chuang, S., Chang, H.-Y., Lee, M.-S., Chen, R. C.-Y., & Pan, W. (2014) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2013.11.010 · Cited by 81
How Healthy Lifestyle Factors at Midlife Relate to Healthy Aging
Atallah, N., Adjibade, M., Lelong, H., Hercberg, S., Galan, P., Assmann, K. E., & Kesse-Guyot, E. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10070854 · Cited by 80
Beavers, K. M., Beavers, D. P., Nesbit, B. A., Ambrosius, W. T., Marsh, A. P., Nicklas, B. J., & Rejeski, W. J. (2013) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20607 · Cited by 80
Visser, A. W., de Mutsert, R., Loef, M., le Cessie, S., den Heijer, M., Bloem, J. L., Reijnierse, M., Rosendaal, F. R., & Kloppenburg, M. (2013) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2013.12.002 · Cited by 80
Armamento‐Villareal, R., Aguirre, L. E., Napoli, N., Shah, K. N., Hilton, T. N., Sinacore, D. R., Qualls, C., & Villareal, D. T. (2013) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-013-2450-2 · Cited by 80
Self-citationLandaeta‐Díaz, L., Fernández, J., Silva‐Grigoletto, M. E. D., Rosado-Álvarez, D., Gomez-Garduño, A., Gómez-Delgado, F., López‐Miranda, J., Pérez‐Jiménez, F., & Fuentes, F. J. (2012) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487312445000 · Cited by 79
Translating the Science of Aging into Therapeutic Interventions
Kirkland, J. L. (2016) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a025908 · Cited by 78
Shah, K., Hilton, T. N., Myers, L., Pinto, J. F., Luque, A. E., & Hall, W. J. (2012) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03819.x · Cited by 77
Self-citationBariatric surgery in older adults
Susmallian, S., Raziel, A., Barnea, R., & Paran, H. (2019) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000013824 · Cited by 77
Lucotti, P., Monti, L. D., Setola, E., Galluccio, E., Gatti, R., Bosi, E., & Piatti, P. (2011) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2011.08.002 · Cited by 77
McPherson, N. O., Bakos, H. W., Owens, J. A., Setchell, B. P., & Lane, M. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071459 · Cited by 76
Exercise and bone mineral density in men: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Kelley, G. A., Kelley, K. S., & Kohrt, W. M. (2012) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2012.11.031 · Cited by 75
To Be Frail or Not to Be Frail: This Is the Question—A Critical Narrative Review of Frailty
Sciacchitano, S., Carola, V., Nicolais, G., Sciacchitano, S., Napoli, C., Mancini, R., Rocco, M., & Coluzzi, F. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13030721 · Cited by 74
Heyland, D. K., Day, A. G., Clarke, G., Hough, C. L., Files, D. C., Mourtzakis, M., Deutz, N. E. P., Needham, D. M., & Stapleton, R. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027893 · Cited by 73
Obesity and Skeletal Fragility
Chen, R., & Armamento‐Villareal, R. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad415 · Cited by 74
Self-citationPotential Benefits of Weight Loss in Coronary Heart Disease
Ades, P. A., & Savage, P. D. (2013) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2013.09.009 · Cited by 72
A systematic review on the effectiveness of diet and exercise in the management of obesity
Olateju, I. V., Opaleye-Enakhimion, T., Udeogu, J. E., Asuquo, J., Olaleye, K. T., Osa, E., & Oladunjoye, A. F. (2023) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102759 · Cited by 71
Comprehensive Approach to Sarcopenia Treatment
Wakabayashi, H., & Sakuma, K. (2014) · Current Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/1574884708666131111192845 · Cited by 72
Acupoint Catgut Embedding for Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Guo, T., Ren, Y., Jun, K., Shi, J. C., Tianxiao, S., & Liang, F. (2015) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2015/401914 · Cited by 70
Reducing cardiometabolic disease in spinal cord injury
Kressler, J., Cowan, R. E., Bigford, G. E., & Nash, M. S. (2014) · Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2014.04.006 · Cited by 69
Beavers, K. M., Walkup, M. P., Weaver, A. A., Lenchik, L., Kritchevsky, S. B., Nicklas, B. J., Ambrosius, W. T., Stitzel, J. D., Register, T. C., Shapses, S. A., et al. (2018) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.3555 · Cited by 69
Pazzianotto‐Forti, E. M., Moreno, M. A., Plater, E. B., Baruki, S. B. S., Rasera, I., & Reid, W. D. (2020) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/pzaa045 · Cited by 69
Campbell, E., Petermann-Rocha, F. E., Welsh, P. I., Celis-Morales, C. A., Pell, J. P., Ho, F. K. W., & Gray, S. R. (2021) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2021.111287 · Cited by 68
Khalafi, M., Sakhaei, M. H., Kheradmand, S., Symonds, M. E., & Rosenkranz, S. K. (2022) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2022.10.001 · Cited by 73
Guideline for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly in China (2024 Edition)
Guo, L., & Xiao, X. (2024) · Aging Medicine · doi:10.1002/agm2.12294 · Cited by 69
Tapper, E. B., & Lai, M. (2015) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.28416 · Cited by 68
Obesity, Exercise and Orthopedic Disease
Frye, C. W., Shmalberg, J. W., & Wakshlag, J. J. (2016) · Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.04.006 · Cited by 68
Poggiogalle, E., Migliaccio, S., Lenzi, A., & Donini, L. M. (2014) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0315-x · Cited by 67
Effect of lifestyle intervention on the hormonal profile of frail, obese older men
Armamento-Villareal, R., Aguirre, L. E., Qualls, C., & Villareal, D. T. (2016) · The Journal of nutrition, health and aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-016-0698-x · Cited by 67
Self-citationSarcopenic Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: An Overlooked but High-Risk Syndrome
Mirzai, S., Carbone, S., Batsis, J. A., Kritchevsky, S. B., Kitzman, D. W., & Shapiro, M. D. (2024) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-024-00571-2 · Cited by 67
Backx, E. M. P., Tieland, M., Borgonjen-van den Berg, K. J., Claessen, P. R., van Loon, L. J. C., & de Groot, L. C. P. G. M. (2016) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2015.182 · Cited by 66
Espeland, M. A., Rejeski, W. J., West, D. S., Bray, G. A., Clark, J. M., Peters, A. L., Chen, H., Johnson, K. C., Horton, E. S., Hazuda, H. P., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.12271 · Cited by 66
S2k-Leitlinie Diagnostik, Therapie und Verlaufskontrolle des Diabetes mellitus im Alter
Bahrmann, A., Bahrmann, P., Baumann, J., Bauer, J. M., Brückel, E., Dreyer, M., Freitag, M., Friedl, A., Gölz, S., Grundke, S., et al. (2018) · Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel · doi:10.1055/a-0666-0820 · Cited by 66
Han, C. Y., Miller, M., Yaxley, A., Baldwin, C. E., Woodman, R. J., & Sharma, Y. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040146 · Cited by 66
Bálsamo, S., da Mota, L. M. H., de Carvalho, J. F., Nascimento, D. D. C., Tibana, R. A., de Santana, F. S., Lima, R. M., Gualano, B., & dos Santos‐Neto, L. L. (2013) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-14-263 · Cited by 66
Population Health Management for Older Adults
Tkatch, R., Musich, S. A., MacLeod, S., Alsgaard, K., Hawkins, K., & Yeh, C. S. (2016) · Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1177/2333721416667877 · Cited by 67
Effects of Calorie Restriction in Obese Older Adults: The CROSSROADS Randomized Controlled Trial
Ard, J. D., Gower, B. A., Hunter, G. R., Ritchie, C. S., Roth, D. L., Goss, A. M., Wingo, B. C., Bodner, E. V., Brown, C. J., Bryan, D. R., et al. (2016) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glw237 · Cited by 66
Protein Delivery in the Intensive Care Unit: Optimal or Suboptimal?
Heyland, D. K., Weijs, P. J. M., Coss‐Bu, J. A., Taylor, B. E., Kristof, A. S., O’Keefe, G. E., & Martindale, R. G. (2017) · Nutrition in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1177/0884533617691245 · Cited by 67
Obesity Interventions for Older Adults: Diet as a Determinant of Physical Function
Bales, C. W., & Starr, K. N. P. (2018) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmx016 · Cited by 66
Obesity in the elderly: an emerging health issue
Zamboni, M. M., & Mazzali, G. (2012) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2012.120 · Cited by 66
A Time to Eat and a Time to Exercise
Parr, E. B., Heilbronn, L. K., & Hawley, J. A. (2020) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/jes.0000000000000207 · Cited by 65
Association of age on cervical joint position error
Alahmari, K. A., Reddy, R. S., Samuel, P. S., Ahmad, I., Kakaraparthi, V. N., & Alam, M. M. (2017) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2017.01.001 · Cited by 65
Dietary recommendations in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
Biver, E., Herrou, J., Larid, G., Legrand, M. A., Gonnelli, S., Annweiler, C., Chapurlat, R. D., Coxam, V., Fardellone, P., Thomas, T., et al. (2022) · Joint Bone Spine · doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2022.105521 · Cited by 65
The Saudi clinical practice guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults
Alfadda, A. A., Aldhwayan, M., Alharbi, A. A., Alkhudhair, B. K., Nozha, O. M. A., Al-Qahtani, N. M., ALZAHRANI, S. H., Bardisi, W. M., Sallam, R. M., Riva, J. J., et al. (2016) · Saudi Medical Journal · doi:10.15537/smj.2016.10.14353 · Cited by 65
Malandrino, N., Bhat, S. Z., Alfaraidhy, M., Grewal, R. S., & Kalyani, R. R. (2023) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2022.10.001 · Cited by 64
Calorie restriction in overweight older adults: Do benefits exceed potential risks?
Locher, J. L., Goldsby, T. U., Goss, A. M., Kilgore, M. L., Gower, B. A., & Ard, J. D. (2016) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2016.03.009 · Cited by 64
Physical activity for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders
Montesi, L., Moscatiello, S., Malavolti, M., Marzocchi, R., & Marchesini, G. (2013) · Internal and Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11739-013-0953-7 · Cited by 63
Is frailty associated with short-term outcomes for elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome?
Kang, L., Zhang, S., Zhu, W.-L., Pang, H., Zhang, L., Zhu, M., Liu, X., & Liu, Y. (2015) · PubMed Central · doi:10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2015.06.010 · Cited by 63
Billingsley, H., Rodriguez‐Miguelez, P., Buono, M. G. D., Abbate, A., Lavie, C. J., & Carbone, S. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11122849 · Cited by 63
Schoufour, J. D., Tieland, M., Barazzoni, R., Ben Allouch, S., Bie, J. V. D., Boirie, Y., Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Eglseer, D., Topinková, E., Visser, B., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.661449 · Cited by 62
Zhang, X., Imperatore, G., Thomas, W., Cheng, Y. J., Lobelo, F., Norris, K. L., Devlin, H. M., Ali, M. K., Gruss, S. M., Bardenheier, B. H., et al. (2016) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2016.11.020 · Cited by 62
Obesity, Diet, Physical Activity, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Endometrial Cancer Survivors
Koutoukidis, D. A., Knobf, M. T., & Lanceley, A. (2015) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuu063 · Cited by 61
Health effects of alternate-day fasting in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Cui, Y., Cai, T., Zhou, Z., Mu, Y., Lu, Y., Gao, Z., Wu, J., & Zhang, Y. (2020) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2020.586036 · Cited by 60
Insulin Responsiveness in Metabolic Syndrome after Eight Weeks of Cycle Training
Stuart, C. A., South, M. A., Lee, M. L., McCurry, M. P., Howell, M. E. A., Ramsey, M. W., & Stone, M. H. (2013) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31829a6ce8 · Cited by 60
Bittel, D. C., Bittel, A. J., Tuttle, L. J., Hastings, M. K., Commean, P. K., Mueller, M. J., Cade, W. T., & Sinacore, D. R. (2014) · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications · doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.11.003 · Cited by 60
Self-citationOptimizing the Benefits of Exercise on Physical Function in Older Adults
Buford, T. W., Anton, S. D., Clark, D. J., Higgins, T. J., & Cooke, M. B. (2013) · PM&R · doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.11.009 · Cited by 60
Old age as a risk factor for liver diseases: Modern therapeutic approaches
Georgieva, M., Xenodochidis, C., & Krasteva, N. A. (2023) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2023.112334 · Cited by 60
Kang, L., Gao, Y., Liu, X., Liang, Y., Chen, Y., Liang, Y., Zhang, L., Chen, W., Pang, H., & Peng, L. (2019) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2019.03.012 · Cited by 59
Barnouin, Y., Armamento‐Villareal, R., Celli, A., Jiang, B. C., Paudyal, A., Nambi, V., Bryant, M. S., Marcelli, M., Garcia, J. M., Qualls, C., et al. (2020) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa917 · Cited by 58
Self-citationBrennan, A. M., Standley, R. A., Anthony, S. J., Grench, K., Helbling, N. L., DeLany, J. P., Cornnell, H. H., Yi, F., Stefanović-Račić, M., Toledo, F. G. S., et al. (2021) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glab240 · Cited by 58
Müllertz, A. L. O., Sandsdal, R. M., Jensen, S. B. K., & Torekov, S. S. (2024) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13717 · Cited by 58
Sarcopenic Obesity in Liver Cirrhosis: Possible Mechanism and Clinical Impact
Nishikawa, H., Enomoto, H., Nishiguchi, S., & Iijima, H. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22041917 · Cited by 56
Aging and physical function in type 2 diabetes: 8 years of an intensive lifestyle intervention
Rejeski, W. J., Bray, G. A., Chen, S.-H., Clark, J. M., Evans, M., Hill, J. O., Jakicic, J. M., Johnson, K. C., Neiberg, R., Ip, E. H., et al. (2015) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/glu083 · Cited by 56
The Look AHEAD Trial: Bone Loss at 4-Year Follow-up in Type 2 Diabetes
Lipkin, E. W., Schwartz, A. V., Anderson, A., Davis, C., Johnson, K., Gregg, E. W., Bray, G. A., Berkowitz, R. I., Peters, A. L., Hodges, A., et al. (2014) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc14-0762 · Cited by 56
Identifying indicators of early functional decline in community‐dwelling older people: A review
Beaton, K., McEvoy, C., & Grimmer, K. A. (2014) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/ggi.12379 · Cited by 56
Oh, M., Kim, S., An, K.-Y., Min, J., Yang, H. I., Lee, J., Lee, M. K., Kim, D.-I., Lee, J., Lee, J., et al. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6009-1 · Cited by 57
Memelink, R. G., Pasman, W. J., Bongers, A., Tump, A. C., van Ginkel, A., Tromp, W., Wopereis, S., Verlaan, S., den Bosch, J. D. V., & Weijs, P. J. M. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13010064 · Cited by 56
Mesinovic, J., Jansons, P., Zengin, A., de Courten, B. V., Rodríguez, A. J., Daly, R. M., Ebeling, P. R., & Scott, D. S. (2021) · Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2021.05.001 · Cited by 57
Morze, J., Rücker, G., Danielewicz, A., Przybyłowicz, K., Neuenschwander, M., Schlesinger, S., & Schwingshackl, L. (2021) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13218 · Cited by 55
Beyond the Obesity Paradox in Diabetes
Florez, H. J., & Castillo-Florez, S. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.9776 · Cited by 55
Morgan-Bathke, M., Baxter, S. D., Halliday, T. M., Lynch, A., Malik, N., Raynor, H. A., Garay, J. L., & Rozga, M. (2023) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2022.03.014 · Cited by 54
Zibellini, J., Seimon, R. V., Lee, C. M. Y., Gibson, A. A., Hsu, M. S. H., & Sainsbury, A. (2016) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12422 · Cited by 54
Pasman, W. J., Memelink, R. G., den Bosch, J. D. V., Begieneman, M. P. V., van den Brink, W. J., Weijs, P. J. M., & Wopereis, S. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12102979 · Cited by 54
Ben‐Porat, T., Elazary, R., Dagan, S. S., Goldenshluger, A., Brodie, R., Mintz, Y., & Weiss, R. (2018) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmx024 · Cited by 54
Greater weight loss with increasing age in the weight loss maintenance trial
Svetkey, L. P., Clark, J. M., Funk, K., Corsino, L., Batch, B. C., Hollis, J. F., Appel, L. J., Brantley, P. J., Loria, C. M., Champagne, C. M., et al. (2014) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20506 · Cited by 53
Challenges in the Management of Geriatric Obesity in High Risk Populations
Porter Starr, K., McDonald, S., Weidner, J., & Bales, C. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8050262 · Cited by 53
Nykänen, I., Rissanen, T., Sulkava, R. O., & Hartikainen, S. A. (2013) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-013-0342-y · Cited by 53
Losa‐Reyna, J., Alcázar, J., Rodríguez‐Gómez, I., Alfaro‐Acha, A., Alegre, L. M., Rodríguez‐Mañas, L., Ara, I., & García‐García, F. J. (2020) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111141 · Cited by 53
Houston, D. K., Neiberg, R. H., Miller, M. E., Hill, J. O., Jakicic, J. M., Johnson, K. C., Gregg, E. W., Hubbard, V. S., Pi-Sunyer, X., Rejeski, W. J., et al. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology: Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glx204 · Cited by 52
Type 2 diabetes and impaired physical function: a growing problem
Ahmad, E., Sargeant, J. A., Yates, T., Webb, D. R., & Davies, M. J. (2022) · Diabetology · doi:10.3390/diabetology3010003 · Cited by 52
Physical activity and CVD in older adults: an expert’s perspective
Orkaby, A. R., & Forman, D. E. (2017) · Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy · doi:10.1080/14779072.2018.1419062 · Cited by 52
Khalafi, M., Symonds, M. E., Maleki, A. H., Sakhaei, M. H., Ehsanifar, M., & Rosenkranz, S. K. (2024) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/s12937-023-00909-x · Cited by 54
Siervo, M., Nasti, G., Stephan, B. C. M., Papa, A., Muscariello, E., Wells, J. C. K., Prado, C. M. M., & Colantuoni, A. (2012) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2012.10720012 · Cited by 52
Benefit-to-Risk Balance of Weight Loss Interventions in Older Adults with Obesity
DiMilia, P. R., Mittman, A. C., & Batsis, J. A. (2019) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-019-1249-8 · Cited by 52
Caristia, S., Vito, M. D., Sarro, A., Leone, A., Pecere, A., Zibetti, A., Filigheddu, N., Zeppegno, P., Prodam, F., Faggiano, F., et al. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12082290 · Cited by 52
Kelley, G. A., & Kelley, K. S. (2013) · Journal of Osteoporosis · doi:10.1155/2013/250423 · Cited by 52
van den Helder, J., Mehra, S., van Dronkelaar, C., ter Riet, G., Tieland, M., Visser, B., Kröse, B. J. A., Engelbert, R. H. H., & Weijs, P. J. M. (2020) · Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.12634 · Cited by 51
Long-term maintenance of weight loss after lifestyle intervention in frail, obese older adults
Waters, D. L., Vawter, R., Qualls, C., Chode, S., Armamento-Villareal, R., & Villareal, D. T. (2013) · The Journal of nutrition, health and aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-012-0421-5 · Cited by 51
Self-citationObesity pharmacotherapy in older adults: a narrative review of evidence
Henney, A. E., Wilding, J. P. H., Alam, U., & Cuthbertson, D. J. (2025) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-024-01529-z · Cited by 51
Ablett, A. D., Boyle, B. R., & Avenell, A. (2019) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-018-03685-4 · Cited by 51
Brickwood, K.-J., Ahuja, K., Watson, G., O’Brien, J., & Williams, A. D. (2020) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/18686 · Cited by 50
Houston, D. K., Leng, X., Bray, G. A., Hergenroeder, A. L., Hill, J. O., Jakicic, J. M., Johnson, K., Neiberg, R. H., Marsh, A. P., Rejeski, W. J., et al. (2014) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20944 · Cited by 50
Silva, A. D. O., Dutra, M. T., de Moraes, W. M. A. M., Funghetto, S. S., de Farias, D. L., dos Santos, P. H. F., Vieira, D. C. L., Nascimento, D. D. C., Orsano, V. S. M., Schoenfeld, B. J., et al. (2018) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s156174 · Cited by 50
Beavers, K. M., Nesbit, B. A., Kiel, J., Sheedy, J. L., Arterburn, L. M., Collins, A. E., Ford, S. A., Henderson, R. M., Coleman, C. D., & Beavers, D. P. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/gly146 · Cited by 50
Saeidi, A., Haghighi, M. M., Kolahdouzi, S., Daraei, A., Abderrahman, A. B., Essop, M. F., Laher, I., Hackney, A. C., & Zouhal, H. (2020) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13090 · Cited by 50
The Treatment of Obesity in Cardiac Rehabilitation
Ades, P. A., & Savage, P. D. (2021) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention · doi:10.1097/hcr.0000000000000637 · Cited by 49
Influences of Resistance Training on Physical Function in Older, Obese Men and Women With Sarcopenia
Stoever, K., Heber, A., Eichberg, S., & Brixius, K. (2016) · Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1519/jpt.0000000000000105 · Cited by 49
Very Low Calorie Diets for Weight Loss in Obese Older Adults—A Randomized Trial
Haywood, C. J., Prendergast, L. A., Purcell, K., Le Fevre, L., Lim, W. K., Galea, M., & Proietto, J. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology: Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glx012 · Cited by 48
Exploration of the protein requirement during weight loss in obese older adults
Weijs, P. J. M., & Wolfe, R. R. (2016) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2015.02.016 · Cited by 48
The effects of lifestyle interventions in dynapenic-obese postmenopausal women
Sénéchal, M., Bouchard, D. R., Dionne, I. J., & Brochu, M. (2012) · Menopause · doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e318248f50f · Cited by 48
Metadata
- Authors
- Villareal, D. T., Chode, S., Parimi, N., Sinacore, D. R., Hilton, T., Armamento-Villareal, R., Napoli, N., Qualls, C., & Shah, K.
- Affiliations
- University of New Mexico (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2011-03-31
- Volume
- 364
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1218-1229
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC3114602
- OpenAlex
- W2031434074
- Semantic Scholar
- 150add39059ebaaec079c78a2d7c485a8ac6f901
- Cited by
- 1,096
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 70 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 78 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 75 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 92 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 78 · 2013: 93 · 2012: 66
- FWCI
- 57.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences
- Foundation for Physical Therapy
- National Institutes of Health (5p60dk020579-35, UL1TR000448, 7r01ag025501-06, DK20579, DK56341, RR024992, RO1-AG025501)
- National Institute on Aging (R01-AG025501)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK20579, P30-DK56341, P60-DK-020579, P30DK056341, P30DK020579)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024992)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-007434, T32HD007434)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- obesity, older adults, weight loss, diet, physical activity, physical function, frailty, peak oxygen uptake, lean body mass, bone mineral density, quality of life, gait, musculoskeletal injuries, physical performance tests, body composition, sarcopenia, osteoporosis
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Body Composition, Diet, Reducing, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Male, Obesity, Quality of Life, Weight Loss, Exercise, Bone Density, Frail Elderly, Intention to Treat Analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
