Cited by 940SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchCOVID-19 epidemiological studiesCOVID-19 Clinical Research Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Antibody Status and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Health Care Workers

Open access

Lumley, Sheila F., O’Donnell, Denise, Stoesser, Nicole E., Matthews, Philippa C., Howarth, Alison, Hatch, Stephanie B., Marsden, Brian D., Cox, Stuart, James, Tim, Warren, Fiona, Peck, Liam J., Ritter, Thomas G., de Toledo, Zoe, Warren, Laura, Axten, David, Cornall, Richard J., Jones, E. Yvonne, Stuart, David I., Screaton, Gavin, Ebner, Daniel, Hoosdally, Sarah, Chand, Meera, Crook, Derrick W., O’Donnell, Anne-Marie, Conlon, Christopher P., Pouwels, Koen B., Walker, A. Sarah, Peto, Tim E.A., Hopkins, Susan, Walker, Timothy M., Jeffery, Katie, Eyre, David W.·2021·New England Journal of Medicine

DOI 10.1056/nejmoa2034545PMC PMC7781098

Published version of a preprint

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The relationship between the presence of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the risk of subsequent reinfection remains unclear. METHODS: We investigated the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in seropositive and seronegative health care workers attending testing of asymptomatic and symptomatic staff at Oxford University Hospitals in the United Kingdom. Baseline antibody status was determined by anti-spike (primary analysis) and anti-nucleocapsid IgG assays, and staff members were followed for up to 31 weeks. We estimated the relative incidence of PCR-positive test results and new symptomatic infection according to antibody status, adjusting for age, participant-reported gender, and changes in incidence over time. RESULTS: A total of 12,541 health care workers participated and had anti-spike IgG measured; 11,364 were followed up after negative antibody results and 1265 after positive results, including 88 in whom seroconversion occurred during follow-up. A total of 223 anti-spike-seronegative health care workers had a positive PCR test (1.09 per 10,000 days at risk), 100 during screening while they were asymptomatic and 123 while symptomatic, whereas 2 anti-spike-seropositive health care workers had a positive PCR test (0.13 per 10,000 days at risk), and both workers were asymptomatic when tested (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 0.11; 95% confidence interval, 0.03 to 0.44; P = 0.002). There were no symptomatic infections in workers with anti-spike antibodies. Rate ratios were similar when the anti-nucleocapsid IgG assay was used alone or in combination with the anti-spike IgG assay to determine baseline status. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of anti-spike or anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies was associated with a substantially reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in the ensuing 6 months. (Funded by the U.K. Government Department of Health and Social Care and others.).

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1056/nejmoa2034545

Cites

29 of 29 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study
To, K. K., Tsang, O. T.-Y., Leung, W.-S., Tam, A. R., Wu, T.-C., Lung, D. C., Yip, C. C., Cai, J., Chan, J. M., Chik, T. S., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30196-1 · Cited by 3,045
Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections
Long, Q.-X., Tang, X.-J., Shi, Q.-L., Li, Q., Deng, H.-J., Yuan, J., Hu, J.-L., Xu, W., Zhang, Y., Lv, F.-J., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0965-6 · Cited by 2,686
Convergent Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Convalescent Individuals
Robbiani, D. F., Gaebler, C., Muecksch, F., Lorenzi, J. C. C., Wang, Z., Cho, A., Agudelo, M., Barnes, C. O., Gazumyan, A., Finkin, S., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2456-9 · Cited by 1,853
Longitudinal observation and decline of neutralizing antibody responses in the three months following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans
Seow, J., Graham, C., Merrick, B., Acors, S., Pickering, S., Steel, K. J. A., Hemmings, O., O’Byrne, A., Kouphou, N., Galao, R. P., et al. (2020) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-020-00813-8 · Cited by 1,419
Robust neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 infection persist for months
Wajnberg, A., Amanat, F., Firpo, A., Altman, D. R., Bailey, M. J., Mansour, M., McMahon, M., Meade, P., Mendu, D. R., Muellers, K., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abd7728 · Cited by 1,195
Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Iceland
Gudbjartsson, D. F., Norddahl, G. L., Melsted, P., Gunnarsdottir, K., Holm, H., Eythorsson, E., Arnthorsson, A. O., Helgason, D., Bjarnadottir, K., Ingvarsson, R. F., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2026116 · Cited by 903
Vaccines: Correlates of Vaccine‐Induced Immunity
Plotkin, S. A. (2008) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/589862 · Cited by 829
Genomic evidence for reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: a case study
Tillett, R. L., Sevinsky, J. R., Hartley, P. D., Kerwin, H., Crawford, N. F., Gorzalski, A. J., Laverdure, C., Verma, S. C., Rossetto, C. C., Jackson, D. K., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30764-7 · Cited by 755
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Re-infection by a Phylogenetically Distinct Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Strain Confirmed by Whole Genome Sequencing
To, K. K.-W., Hung, I. F.-N., Ip, J. D., Chu, A. W.-H., Chan, W.-M., Tam, A. R., Fong, C. H.-Y., Yuan, S., Tsoi, H.-W., Ng, A. C.-K., et al. (2021) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1275 · Cited by 746
Neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection from SARS-CoV-2 in humans during a fishery vessel outbreak with a high attack rate
Addetia, A., Crawford, K. H. D., Dingens, A., Zhu, H., Roychoudhury, P., Huang, M.-L., Jerome, K. R., Bloom, J. D., & Greninger, A. L. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.02107-20 · Cited by 525

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 29 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Muecksch F, Wise H, Batchelor B, et al. Longitudinal analysis of serology and neutralizing antibody levels in COVID19 convalescents. J Infect Dis 2020 November 3 (Epub ahead of print).33140086
To KK-W, Hung IF-N, Ip JD, et al. COVID-19 re-infection by a phylogenetically distinct SARS-coronavirus-2 strain confirmed by whole genome sequencing. Clin Infect Dis 2020 August 25 (Epub ahead of print).32840608

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 913

RBD-specific antibody responses after two doses of BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm, Beijing CNBG) vaccine
Ferenci, T., & Sarkadi, B. (2022) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-022-07069-z · Cited by 40
Estimating protection afforded by prior infection in preventing reinfection: applying the test-negative study design
Ayoub, H. H., Tomy, M., Chemaitelly, H. S., Altarawneh, H. N., Coyle, P. V., Tang, P., Hasan, M. R., Kanaani, Z. A., Al‐Kuwari, E., Butt, A. A., et al. (2023) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwad239 · Cited by 40
Immunity to SARS-CoV-2: What Do We Know and Should We Be Testing for It?
Misra, A., & Theel, E. S. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.00482-21 · Cited by 43
Of bats and men: Immunomodulatory treatment options for COVID-19 guided by the immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Christie, M. J., Irving, A. T., Forster, S. C., Marsland, B. J., Hansbro, P. M., Hertzog, P. J., Nold‐Petry, C. A., & Nold, M. F. (2021) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abd0205 · Cited by 41
What level of neutralising antibody protects from COVID-19?
Khoury, D. S., Cromer, D., Reynaldi, A., Schlub, T. E., Wheatley, A. K., Juno, J. A., Subbarao, K., Kent, S. J., Triccas, J. A., & Davenport, M. P. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.03.09.21252641 · Cited by 3,742
Anti- SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain Antibody Evolution after mRNA Vaccination
Cho, A., Muecksch, F., Schaefer-Babajew, D., Wang, Z., Finkin, S., Gaebler, C., Ramos, V., Cipolla, M., Mendoza, P., Agudelo, M., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.07.29.454333 · Cited by 275
mRNA vaccine-induced antibodies more effective than natural immunity in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 and its high affinity variants
Yu, Y., Esposito, D., Kang, Z., Lü, J., Remaley, A. T., Giorgi, V. D., Chen, L. N., West, K. A., & Cao, L. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-06629-2 · Cited by 40
Kinetics of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM, IgA, and IgG responses during the first 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective longitudinal study
Amellal, H., Assaid, N., Charoute, H., Akarid, K., Maaroufi, A., Ezzikouri, S., & Sarih, M. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0288557 · Cited by 40
Changes in humoral immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection in liver transplant recipients compared to immunocompetent patients
Marcos, A., Salcedo, M., Alonso, R., Rodríguez‐Perálvarez, M., Olmedo, M., Morales, J. G., Cuervas‐Mons, V., Cachero, A., Loinaz, C., Iñarrairaegui, M., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.16599 · Cited by 38
COVID-19 Infection, Reinfection, and Vaccine Effectiveness in Arizona Frontline and Essential Workers: Protocol for a Longitudinal Cohort Study
Lutrick, K., Ellingson, K., Baccam, Z., Rivers, P. S., Beitel, S. C., Parker, J., Hollister, J., Sun, X., Gerald, J. K., Komatsu, K. K., et al. (2021) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/28925 · Cited by 39
The past, current and future epidemiological dynamic of SARS-CoV-2
Balloux, F., Tan, C. C. S., Swadling, L., Richard, D., Jenner, C., Maini, M. K., & van Dorp, L. (2022) · Oxford Open Immunology · doi:10.1093/oxfimm/iqac003 · Cited by 41
The Association Between Antibody Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Post–COVID-19 Syndrome in Healthcare Workers
Pereira, C., Harris, B. H. L., Giovannantonio, M. D., Rosadas, C., Short, C.-E. S., Quinlan, R. A., Sureda-Vives, M., Fernández, N., Day-Weber, I., Khan, M., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab120 · Cited by 37
Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients with Cancer (ReCOVer Study): A Prospective Cohort Study of the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group
Linardou, H., Spanakis, N., Koliou, G.-A., Christopoulou, A. N., Karageorgopoulou, S., Alevra, N., Vagionas, A., Tsoukalas, N., Sgourou, S., Fountzilas, E., et al. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13184621 · Cited by 38
Kinetics and persistence of cellular and humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine in healthcare workers with or without prior COVID‐19
Chivu‐Economescu, M., Bleoţu, C., Grancea, C., Chiriac, D., Botezatu, A., Iancu, I. V., Pitica, I. M., Necula, L. G., Neagu, A. I., Matei, L., et al. (2022) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.17186 · Cited by 39
Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with secondary antibody deficiency: successful clearance following combination casirivimab and imdevimab (REGN-COV2) monoclonal antibody therapy
Taha, Y., Wardle, H., Evans, A. B., Hunter, E., Marr, H. J., Osborne, W., Bashton, M., Smith, D., Burton-Fanning, S., Schmid, M. L., et al. (2021) · Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials · doi:10.1186/s12941-021-00491-2 · Cited by 37
SARS-CoV-2 reinfection caused by the P.1 lineage in Araraquara city, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
Romano, C. M., Félix, A. C., de Paula, A. V., de Jesus, J. G., Andrade, P. D. S., Cândido, D. D. S., de Oliveira, F. M., Ribeiro, A. C., da Silva, F. C., Inemami, M., et al. (2021) · Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo · doi:10.1590/s1678-9946202163036 · Cited by 36
Protective Immunity after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) – Kentucky, USA, 2020
Spicer, K. B., Glick, C., Cavanaugh, A. M., & Thoroughman, D. A. (2021) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.10.010 · Cited by 36
Seropositivity in blood donors and pregnant women during the first year of SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission in Stockholm, Sweden
Dopico, X. C., Muschiol, S., Christian, M., Hanke, L., Sheward, D. J., Grinberg, N. F., Rorbach, J., Bogdanović, G., McInerney, G. M., Allander, T., et al. (2021) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.13304 · Cited by 36
SARS-CoV-2–specific memory B cells can persist in the elderly who have lost detectable neutralizing antibodies
Jeffery-Smith, A., Burton, A. R., Lens, S., Rees-Spear, C., Davies, J. E., Patel, M., Gopal, R., Muir, L., Aiano, F., Doores, K. J., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci152042 · Cited by 37
T cell response against SARS-CoV-2 persists after one year in patients surviving severe COVID-19
Venet, F., Gossez, M., Bidar, F., Bodinier, M., Coudereau, R., Lukaszewicz, A., Tardiveau, C., Brengel‐Pesce, K., Cheynet, V., Cazalis, M.-A., et al. (2022) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103967 · Cited by 36
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Persist for up to 13 Months and Reduce Risk of Reinfection
Gallais, F., Gantner, P., Bruel, T., Velay, A., Planas, D., Wendling, M.-J., Bayer, S., Solis, M., Laugel, E., Reix, N., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.05.07.21256823 · Cited by 240
Head-to-head comparison of two rapid high-throughput automated electrochemiluminescence immunoassays targeting total antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein and spike protein receptor binding domain
Poljak, M., Oštrbenk, A., Štamol, T., & Seme, K. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Virology · doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2021.104784 · Cited by 36
Antibody Status, Disease History, and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Patients on Chronic Dialysis
Cohen, D. E., Sibbel, S. P., Marlowe, G., Bludorn, K., Miller, D. M., Kelley, T., Connaire, J. J., Young, A., Tentori, F., & Brunelli, S. M. (2021) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2021030387 · Cited by 35
Vaccines and variants: Modelling insights into emerging issues in COVID-19 epidemiology
Caldwell, J. M., Le, X., McIntosh, L., Meehan, M. T., Ogunlade, S. T., Ragonnet, R. R., O’Neill, G. K., Trauer, J. M., & McBryde, E. S. (2021) · Paediatric Respiratory Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2021.07.002 · Cited by 36
Analyzing the Impact of COVID-19 Trauma on Developing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Emergency Medical Workers in Spain
Martínez-Caballero, C. M., García, R. M. C., Varas-Manovel, R., García-Sanz, L. M., Martínez-Piedra, J., Fernández-Carbajo, J. J., Pérez, L., Madrigal, M., Barba-Pérez, M. Á., Olea, E., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18179132 · Cited by 39
Divergent trajectories of antiviral memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection
Tomić, A., Skelly, D., Ogbe, A., O’Connor, D., Pace, M. J., Adland, E., Alexander, F., Ali, M., Allott, K., Ansari, M. A., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28898-1 · Cited by 35
Self-citation
Anti-nucleocapsid antibody levels and pulmonary comorbid conditions are linked to post–COVID-19 syndrome
Jia, X., Cao, S., Lee, A., Manohar, M., Sindher, S., Ahuja, N. K., Artandi, M. K., Blish, C. A., Blomkalns, A. L., Chang, I., et al. (2022) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.156713 · Cited by 35
The Role of Serology Testing to Strengthen Vaccination Initiatives and Policies for COVID-19 in Europe
Bonanni, P., Cantón, R., Gill, D., Halfon, P., Liebert, U. G., Crespo, K. A. N., Martín, J. J. P., & Trombetta, C. M. (2021) · COVID · doi:10.3390/covid1010004 · Cited by 36
Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 anti-S IgG after BNT162b2 vaccination
Grupel, D., Gazit, S., Schreiber, L., Nadler, V., Wolf, T., Lazar, R., Supino‐Rosin, L., Perez, G., Peretz, A., Ben‐Tov, A., et al. (2021) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.025 · Cited by 34
Infection induced SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and heterogeneity of antibody responses in a general population cohort study in Catalonia Spain
Karachaliou, M., Moncunill, G., Espinosa, A., Castaño‐Vinyals, G., Jiménez, A., Vidal, M., Santano, R., Barrios, D., Puyol, L., Carreras, A., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-00807-4 · Cited by 36
Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated COVID‐19 vaccine in health care workers
Benjamanukul, S., Traiyan, S., Yorsaeng, R., Vichaiwattana, P., Sudhinaraset, N., Wanlapakorn, N., & Poovorawan, Y. (2021) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.27458 · Cited by 34
SARS-CoV-2 antibody response after COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic disease
D’Silva, K. M., Serling-Boyd, N. J., Hsu, T. Y. T., Sparks, J. A., & Wallace, Z. S. (2021) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219808 · Cited by 33
Stringent thresholds in SARS-CoV-2 IgG assays lead to under-detection of mild infections
Eyre, D. W., Lumley, S., O’Donnell, D., Stoesser, N. E., Matthews, P. C., Howarth, A., Hatch, S. B., Marsden, B. D., Cox, S., James, T., et al. (2021) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-021-05878-2 · Cited by 33
Self-citation
Correlates of Neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern by Early Pandemic Sera
Vidal, S. J., Collier, A.-R. Y., Yu, J., McMahan, K., Tostanoski, L. H., Ventura, J. D., Aïd, M., Peter, L. E., Jacob-Dolan, C., Anioke, T., et al. (2021) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00404-21 · Cited by 34
Broad T Cell Targeting of Structural Proteins After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: High Throughput Assessment of T Cell Reactivity Using an Automated Interferon Gamma Release Assay
Brand, I., Gilberg, L., Bruger, J., Garí, M., Wieser, A., Eser, T. M., Frese, J., Ahmed, M. I. M., Rubio‐Acero, R., Noller, J. M. G., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.688436 · Cited by 34
Seroconversion after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in patients with immune deficiency
Squire, J. D., & Joshi, A. Y. (2021) · Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.anai.2021.05.015 · Cited by 33
Frailty impacts immune responses to Moderna COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in older adults
Semelka, C., DeWitt, M., Blevins, M. W., Holbrook, B. C., Sanders, J. W., & Alexander‐Miller, M. A. (2023) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/s12979-023-00327-x · Cited by 35
Risk for Acquiring Coronavirus Disease Illness among Emergency Medical Service Personnel Exposed to Aerosol-Generating Procedures
Brown, A., Schwarcz, L., Counts, C. R., Barnard, L. M., Yang, B. Y., Emert, J. M., Latimer, A. J., Drucker, C. J., Lynch, J. B., Kudenchuk, P. J., et al. (2021) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2709.210363 · Cited by 32
Who Is at Higher Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection? Results from a Northern Region of Italy
Piazza, M. F., Amicizia, D., Marchini, F., Astengo, M., Grammatico, F., Battaglini, A., Sticchi, C., Paganino, C., Lavieri, R., Andreoli, G. B., et al. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10111885 · Cited by 32
Repeated SARS-CoV-2 Positivity: Analysis of 123 Cases
Váncsa, S., Dembrovszky, F., Farkas, N., Szakó, L., Teutsch, B., Bunduc, Ș., Nagy, R., Párniczky, A., Erőss, B. M., Péterfi, Z., et al. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13030512 · Cited by 33
Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Reinfection in a University Student Population
Rennert, L., & McMahan, C. S. (2021) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciab454 · Cited by 32
HLA-A∗02:01 restricted T cell receptors against the highly conserved SARS-CoV-2 polymerase cross-react with human coronaviruses
Nesterenko, P. A., McLaughlin, J., Tsai, B. L., Sojo, G. B., Cheng, D., Zhao, D. Y., Mao, Z., Bangayan, N. J., Obusan, M. B., Su, Y., et al. (2021) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110167 · Cited by 33
SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific memory B cells express higher levels of T-bet and FcRL5 after non-severe COVID-19 as compared to severe disease
Reyes, R. A., Clarke, K., Gonzales, S. J., Cantwell, A. M., Garza, R., Catano, G., Tragus, R. E., Patterson, T. F., Bol, S. M., & Bunnik, E. M. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0261656 · Cited by 33
COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage, Behaviors, and Intentions among Adults with Previous Diagnosis, United States
Nguyen, K. H., Huang, J. Y., Mansfield, K. A., Corlin, L., & Allen, J. D. (2022) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2803.211561 · Cited by 32
SARS CoV-2 reinfection rate is higher in the Omicron variant than in the Alpha and Delta variants
Özüdoğru, O., Bahçe, Y. G., & Acer, Ö. (2022) · Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) · doi:10.1007/s11845-022-03060-4 · Cited by 35
Antibody response after one and two jabs of the BNT162b2 vaccine in nursing home residents: The CONsort‐19 study
Blain, H., Tuaillon, É., Gamon, L., Pisoni, A., Miot, S., Rolland, Y., Picot, M., & Bousquet, J. J. (2021) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.15007 · Cited by 31
kinetics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over time. Results of 10 month follow up in over 300 seropositive Health Care Workers
Varona, J. F., Madurga, R., Peñalver, F. J., Abarca, E., Almirall, C., Cruz, M., Ramos, E., & Castellano-Vazquez, J. M. (2021) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2021.05.028 · Cited by 31
Clinical Spectrum of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Protection From Symptomatic Reinfection
Maier, H. E., Kuan, G., SABORÍO, S. I., Carrillo, F. A. B., Plazaola, M., Barilla, C., Sánchez, N., López, R., Smith, M., Kubale, J., et al. (2021) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciab717 · Cited by 33
Short-term immune response after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (CoronaVac®, Sinovac) and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Vaxzevria®, Oxford-AstraZeneca) vaccinations in health care workers
Jantarabenjakul, W., Chantasrisawad, N., Puthanakit, T., Wacharapluesadee, S., Hirankarn, N., Ruenjaiman, V., Paitoonpong, L., Suwanpimolkul, G., Torvorapanit, P., Pradit, R., et al. (2021) · Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.12932/ap-250721-1197 · Cited by 31
Neutralizing Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Recovered COVID-19 Patients Are Variable and Correlate With Disease Severity and Receptor-Binding Domain Recognition
Macioła, A. K., Raja, M. L., Pacenti, M., Salata, C., Silvestro, G. D., Rosato, A., & Pasqual, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.830710 · Cited by 31
Heterogenous humoral and cellular immune responses with distinct trajectories post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in a population-based cohort
Menges, D., Zens, K. D., Ballouz, T., Caduff, N., Llanas-Cornejo, D., Aschmann, H. E., Domenghino, A., Pellaton, C., Perreau, M., Fenwick, C. W., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32573-w · Cited by 32
Epidemiological impact of prioritising SARS-CoV-2 vaccination by antibody status: mathematical modelling analyses
Ayoub, H. H., Chemaitelly, H. S., Makhoul, M., Kanaani, Z. A., Al‐Kuwari, E., Butt, A. A., Coyle, P. V., Jeremijenko, A. M., Kaleeckal, A. H., Latif, A. N., et al. (2021) · BMJ Innovations · doi:10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000677 · Cited by 30
Prior COVID-19 protects against reinfection, even in the absence of detectable antibodies
Breathnach, A. S., Duncan, C. J. A., Bouzidi, K. E., Hanrath, A. T., Payne, B. A. I., Randell, P. A., Habibi, M. S., Riley, P. A., Planche, T., Busby, J., et al. (2021) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2021.05.024 · Cited by 30
Antibody responses boosted in seropositive healthcare workers after single dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinePreprint
Bradley, T., Grundberg, E., CODIEFY study team, & Selvarangan, R. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.02.03.21251078 · Cited by 31
Prior COVID-19 Infection and Antibody Response to Single Versus Double Dose mRNA SARS-CoV-2 VaccinationPreprint
Ebinger, J. E., Fert‐Bober, J., Printsev, I., Wu, M. J., Sun, N., Figueiredo, J. C., Eyk, J. E. V., Braun, J. G., Cheng, S. C., & Sobhani, K. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.02.23.21252230 · Cited by 30
Germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in healthy and immunocompromised individuals
Lederer, K., Parvathaneni, K., Painter, M. M., Bettini, E., Agarwal, D., Lundgreen, K. A., Weirick, M., Goel, R. R., Xu, X., Drapeau, E. M., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.09.16.21263686 · Cited by 179
Epidemiological Differences in the Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination in the United States and China
Makhoul, M., Chemaitelly, H. S., Ayoub, H. H., Seedat, S., & Abu-Raddad, L. J. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines9030223 · Cited by 29
Longitudinal assessment of SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroconversionamong front-line healthcare workers during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic at a tertiary-care hospital in Chile
Iruretagoyena, M., Vial, M. R., Spencer-Sandino, M., Gaete, P., Peters, A., Delgado, I., Pérez, I., Calderón, C., Lorena Porte, T., Legarraga, P., et al. (2021) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06208-2 · Cited by 30
Antibodies Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a Large Cohort of Vaccinated Subjects and Seropositive Patients
Amodio, E., Capra, G., Casuccio, A., Grazia, S. D., Genovese, D., Pizzo, S., Calamusa, G., Ferraro, D., Giammanco, A., Vitale, F. M., et al. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines9070714 · Cited by 30
Estimating protection afforded by prior infection in preventing reinfection: Applying the test-negative study design
Ayoub, H. H., Tomy, M., Chemaitelly, H., Altarawneh, H. N., Coyle, P., Tang, P., Hasan, M. R., Kanaani, Z. A., Kuwari, E. A., Butt, A. A., et al. (2022) · doi:10.1101/2022.01.02.22268622 · Cited by 41
Immunogenicity and safety of two doses of the CoronaVac SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in SARS-CoV-2 seropositive and seronegative patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases in Brazil: a subgroup analysis of a phase 4 prospective study
Aikawa, N. E., Kupa, L. D. V. K., Pasoto, S. G., Ribeiro, A. C. D. M., Yuki, E. F. N., Saad, C. G. S., Pedrosa, T. D. N., Fuller, R., Shinjo, S. K., Sampaio-Barros, P. D., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Rheumatology · doi:10.1016/s2665-9913(21)00327-1 · Cited by 28
Clinical course impacts early kinetics,magnitude, and amplitude of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies beyond 1 year after infection
Pradenas, E., Trinité, B., Urrea, V., Marfil, S., Tarrés-Freixas, F., Ortiz, R., Rovirosa, C., Rodon, J., Vergara‐Alert, J., Segalés, J., et al. (2022) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100523 · Cited by 29
PARIS and SPARTA: Finding the Achilles’ Heel of SARS-CoV-2
Simon, V. R., Kota, V. K., Bloomquist, R. F., Hanley, H. B., Forgacs, D., Pahwa, S. G., Pallikkuth, S., Miller, L. G., Schaenman, J. M. D., Yeaman, M. R., et al. (2022) · mSphere · doi:10.1128/msphere.00179-22 · Cited by 28
Comparison of Levels of Nasal, Salivary, and Plasma Antibody to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 During Natural Infection and After Vaccination
Cohen, J. I., Dropulic, L. K., Wang, K., Gangler, K., Morgan, K., Liepshutz, K., Krogmann, T. A., Ali, M. A., Qin, J., Wang, J., et al. (2022) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciac934 · Cited by 28
Evaluation of potential COVID-19 recurrence in patients with late repeat positive SARS-CoV-2 testing
Peltan, I. D., Beesley, S. J., Webb, B. J., Lopansri, B. K., Sinclair, W., Jacobs, J. R., & Brown, S. M. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251214 · Cited by 27
SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike antibody titres after vaccination with BNT162b2 in naïve and previously infected individuals
Lombardi, A., Consonni, D., Oggioni, M., Bono, P., Renteria, S. U., Piatti, A., Pesatori, A. C., Castaldi, S., Muscatello, A., Riboldi, L., et al. (2021) · Journal of Infection and Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2021.07.005 · Cited by 28
What Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19?
Tiyo, B. T., Schmitz, G. J. H., Ortega, M. M., da Silva, L. T., de Almeida, A., Oshiro, T. M., & Duarte, A. J. D. S. (2021) · Life · doi:10.3390/life11111152 · Cited by 28
Triple jeopardy in ageing: COVID-19, co-morbidities and inflamm-ageing
Rea, I. M., & Alexander, H. D. (2021) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2021.101494 · Cited by 27
Reinfection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Among Previously Infected Healthcare Personnel and First Responders
Akinbami, L. J., Biggerstaff, B. J., Chan, P. A., McGibbon, E., Pathela, P., & Petersen, L. R. (2021) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciab952 · Cited by 27
Influenza viruses and coronaviruses: Knowns, unknowns, and common research challenges
Terrier, O., Si‐Tahar, M., Ducatez, M., Chevalier, C., Pizzorno, A., Goffic, R. L., Crépin, T., Simon, G., & Naffakh, N. (2021) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1010106 · Cited by 28
SARS-CoV-2 antibodies protect against reinfection for at least 6 months in a multicentre seroepidemiological workplace cohort
Finch, E., Lowe, R., Fischinger, S., Aubin, M. D. S., Siddiqui, S. M., Dayal, D., Loesche, M. A., Rhee, J., Beger, S. B., Hu, Y. D., et al. (2022) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3001531 · Cited by 27
Prevalence of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Following Natural Infection and Vaccination in Irish Hospital Healthcare Workers: Changing Epidemiology as the Pandemic Progresses
Allen, N., Brady, M., Riain, U. N., Conlon, N. P., Domegan, L. M., Martín, A. I. C., Walsh, C., Doherty, L., Higgins, E., Kerr, C., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.758118 · Cited by 29
Long-term vaccination strategies to mitigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 transmission: A modelling study
Hogan, A. B., Wu, S. L., Toor, J., Mesa, D. O., Doohan, P., Watson, O. J., Winskill, P., Charles, G. D., Barnsley, G., Riley, E. M., et al. (2023) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1004195 · Cited by 27
SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccine dose significantly extends humoral immune response half-life beyond the primary series
Korosec, C. S., Dick, D. W., Moyles, I. R., & Watmough, J. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-58811-3 · Cited by 27
SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection in a Healthcare Worker Despite the Presence of Detectable Neutralizing Antibodies
Brehm, T. T., Pfefferle, S., von Possel, R., Kobbe, R., Nörz, D. S., Schmiedel, S., Grundhoff, A. T., Olearo, F., Emmerich, P., Robitaille, A., et al. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13040661 · Cited by 26
COVID-19 re-infection in Shahroud, Iran: a follow-up study
Zare, F., Teimouri, M., Khosravi, A., Rohani-Rasaf, M., Chaman, R., Hosseinzadeh, A., Atergeleh, H. J., Binesh, E., & Emamian, M. H. (2021) · Epidemiology and Infection · doi:10.1017/s095026882100087x · Cited by 27
Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Covid-19 and Vaccines Among a New York Haredi-Orthodox Jewish Community
Carmody, E. R., Zander, D., Klein, E. J., Mulligan, M. J., & Caplan, A. L. (2021) · Journal of Community Health · doi:10.1007/s10900-021-00995-0 · Cited by 29
Impact of baseline SARS-CoV-2 antibody status on syndromic surveillance and the risk of subsequent COVID-19—a prospective multicenter cohort study
Kohler, P. P., Güsewell, S., Seneghini, M., Egger, T., Leal-Neto, O. B., Brucher, A., Lemmenmeier, E., Möller, J. C., Rieder, P., Ruetti, M., et al. (2021) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-021-02144-9 · Cited by 26
Frailty and COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Antibody Response in the COVID-19 Community Research Partnership
Semelka, C., DeWitt, M., Callahan, K. E., Herrington, D. M., Alexander‐Miller, M. A., Yukich, J. O., Munawar, I., McCurdy, L., Gibbs, M. A., Weintraub, W. S., et al. (2022) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glac095 · Cited by 26
Immunogenic epitope panel for accurate detection of non-cross-reactive T cell response to SARS-CoV-2
Titov, A., Shaikhutdinova, R., Shcherbakova, O. V., Serdyuk, Y. V., Sheetikov, S. A., Zornikova, K. V., Maleeva, A. V., Khmelevskaya, A. A., Dianov, D. V., Shakirova, N. T., et al. (2022) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.157699 · Cited by 26
Evaluation of a New Spike (S)-Protein-Based Commercial Immunoassay for the Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG
Eberhardt, K. A., Dewald, F., Heger, E., Gieselmann, L., Vanshylla, K., Wirtz, M., Kleipass, F., Johannis, W., Schommers, P., Gruell, H., et al. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9040733 · Cited by 26
Serologic Status and SARS-CoV-2 Infection over 6 Months of Follow Up in Healthcare Workers in Chicago: A Cohort Study
Wilkins, J. T., Hirschhorn, L. R., Gray, E., Wallia, A., Carnethon, M. R., Zembower, T., Ho, J., DeYoung, B. J., Zhu, A. M., Rasmussen‐Torvik, L. J., et al. (2021) · Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology · doi:10.1017/ice.2021.367 · Cited by 25
Influencing factors of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2‐spike‐IgG antibody titers in healthcare workers: A cross‐section study
Reusch, J., Wagenhäuser, I., Gabel, A., Eggestein, A., Höhn, A., Lâm, T., Frey, A., Schubert‐Unkmeir, A., Dölken, L., Frantz, S., et al. (2022) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.28300 · Cited by 25
Longitudinal Assessment of Anti-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Immune Responses for Six Months Based on the Clinical Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019
Noh, J. Y., Kwak, J.-E., Yang, J., Hwang, S. Y., Yoon, J. G., Seong, H., Hyun, H., Lim, C. S., Yoon, S., Ryou, J., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab124 · Cited by 24
Prospective Clinical, Virologic, and Immunologic Assessment of COVID-19 in Transplant Recipients
Marinelli, T. M., Ferreira, V. H., Ierullo, M., Ku, T., Lilly, L. B., Kim, S. J., Schiff, J. R., Sidhu, A., McDonald, M. A., Hosseini-Moghaddam, S. M., et al. (2021) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000003860 · Cited by 24
Low risk of reinfections and relation with serological response after recovery from the first wave of COVID-19
Peghin, M., Bouza, E., Fabris, M., Martino, M. D., Palese, A., Bontempo, G., Graziano, E., Gerussi, V., Bressan, V., Sartor, A., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1007/s10096-021-04335-x · Cited by 26
Serology study after BTN162b2 vaccination in participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 in two different waves versus naïve
Carbonare, L. D., Valenti, M. T., Bisoffi, Z., Piubelli, C., Pizzato, M., Accordini, S., Mariotto, S., Ferrari, S., Minoia, A., Bertacco, J., et al. (2021) · Communications Medicine · doi:10.1038/s43856-021-00039-7 · Cited by 25
Quantifying previous SARS-CoV-2 infection through mixture modelling of antibody levels
Bottomley, C., Otiende, M., Uyoga, S. M., Gallagher, K. E., Kagucia, E. W., Etyang, A. O., Mugo, D., Gitonga, J. N., Karanja, H., Nyagwange, J., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26452-z · Cited by 27
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Reinfection Associates With Unstable Housing and Occurs in the Presence of Antibodies
Bean, D. J., Monroe, J., Turcinovic, J., Moreau, Y., Connor, J. H., & Sagar, M. (2021) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciab940 · Cited by 24
The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Chen, Q., Zhu, K., Liu, X., Zhuang, C., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Yao, X., Quan, J., Lin, H., Huang, S., et al. (2022) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1080/22221751.2022.2046446 · Cited by 25
The value of vaccine booster doses to mitigate the global impact of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variantPreprint
Hogan, A. B., Wu, S. L., Doohan, P., Watson, O. J., Winskill, P., Charles, G. D., Barnsley, G., Riley, E. M., Khoury, D. S., Ferguson, N. M., et al. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.01.17.22269222 · Cited by 25
Computational, Experimental, and Clinical Evidence of a Specific but Peculiar Evolutionary Nature of (COVID-19) SARS-CoV-2
Goh, G. K., Dunker, A. K., Foster, J. A., & Uversky, V. N. (2022) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00001 · Cited by 23
People living with HIV easily lose their immune response to SARS-CoV-2: result from a cohort of COVID-19 cases in Wuhan, China
Liu, Y., Xiao, Y., Wu, S., Marley, G., Ming, F., Wang, X., Wu, M., Feng, L., Tang, W., & Liang, K. (2021) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06723-2 · Cited by 23
Protective Effect Conferred by Prior Infection and Vaccination on COVID-19 in a Healthcare Worker Cohort in South India
Murugesan, M., Mathews, P., Paul, H. E., Rajiv Karthik, K., Mammen, J., & Rupali, P. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0268797 · Cited by 24
Evaluation of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody levels on hospital admission as a correlate of protection against mortality
Mink, S., List, W., Hoefle, G., Frick, M., Suessenbacher, A., Winder, T. L., Fetz, C., Bösl, A., Saely, C. H., Drexel, H., et al. (2023) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.13606 · Cited by 23
Clinical and Demographic Factors Associated With COVID-19, Severe COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults
Theodore, D., Branche, A. R., Zhang, L., Graciaa, D. S., Choudhary, M., Hatlen, T. J., Osman, R., Babu, T. M., Robinson, S. T., Gilbert, P. B., et al. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.23349 · Cited by 23
Colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) is an effective screening method for identifying detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies
Li, X., Yin, Y., Pang, L., Xu, S., Lu, F., Xu, D., & Shen, T. (2021) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.05.080 · Cited by 23
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses following CD20-depletion treatment in patients with haematological and rheumatological disease: a West Midlands Research Consortium study
Shields, A. M., Venkatachalam, S., Shafeek, S., Paneesha, S., Ford, M., Sheeran, T. P., Kelly, M., Qureshi, I., Salhan, B., Karim, F., et al. (2021) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1093/cei/uxab018 · Cited by 23
SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in 12 Cities of India from July-December 2020Preprint
Velumani, A., Nikam, C., Suraweera, W., Fu, S. H., Gelband, H., Brown, P., Bogoch, I. I., Nagelkerke, N. J. D., & Jha, P. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.03.19.21253429 · Cited by 23
Comparing Immunoassays for SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Detection in Patients with and without Laboratory-Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Leuzinger, K., Osthoff, M. F., Dräger, S., Pargger, H., Siegemund, M., Bassetti, S., Bingisser, R. M., Nickel, C. H., Tschudin‐Sutter, S., Khanna, N., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01381-21 · Cited by 22

Authors: Lumley, S. F., O’Donnell, D., Stoesser, N. E., Matthews, P. C., Howarth, A., Hatch, S. B., Marsden, B. D., Cox, S., James, T., Warren, F., Peck, L. J., Ritter, T. G., de Toledo, Z., Warren, L., Axten, D., Cornall, R. J., Jones, E. Y., Stuart, D. I., Screaton, G., Ebner, D., Hoosdally, S., Chand, M., Crook, D. W., O’Donnell, A.-M., Conlon, C. P., Pouwels, K. B., Walker, A. S., Peto, T. E. A., Hopkins, S., Walker, T. M., Jeffery, K., & Eyre, D. W.
Affiliations: Public Health England (GB)
From Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (S.F.L., N.E.S., P.C.M., S.C., T.J., F.W., L.W., D.A., A.-M.O., K.J.), Nuffield Department of Medicine (S.F.L., D.O., N.E.S., P.C.M., A.H., S.B.H., B.D.M., R.J.C., E.Y.J., D.I.S., G.S., D.E., S. Hoosdally, D.W.C., C.P.C., A.S.W., T.E.A.P., T.M.W.), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (N.E.S., P.C.M., S. Hoosdally, D.W.C., A.S.W., T.E.A.P., D.W.E.), the Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Research (B.D...
Corresponding author: Eyre, David W.
ORCID: Lumley, Sheila F.
Stoesser, Nicole E.
Matthews, Philippa C.
Hatch, Stephanie B.
Marsden, Brian D.
Peck, Liam J.
Ritter, Thomas G.
Cornall, Richard J.
Stuart, David I.
Screaton, Gavin
Ebner, Daniel
Hoosdally, Sarah
Chand, Meera
Crook, Derrick W.
Conlon, Christopher P.
Pouwels, Koen B.
Walker, A. Sarah
Peto, Tim E.A.
Hopkins, Susan
Jeffery, Katie
Eyre, David W.
Venue: New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Published: 2021-02-11
Volume: 384
Issue: 6
Pages: 533-540
ISSN: 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
1533-4406
DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2034545
PMC: PMC7781098
OpenAlex: W3117382778
Cited by: 940
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 103 · 2022: 299 · 2021: 434
FWCI: 28.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.nejmgroup.org/legal/terms-of-use.htm (vor)
Locations: New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Funders: U.K. Government
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 reinfection, healthcare workers, anti-spike IgG, seropositivity, seroconversion, asymptomatic infection, symptomatic infection, infection incidence, antibody status
MeSH terms: Seroconversion, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins, COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing, COVID-19 Serological Testing, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Viral, Female, United Kingdom, Health Personnel, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Incidence, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Young Adult, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Antibody Status and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Health Care Workers

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks