Neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection from SARS-CoV-2 in humans during a fishery vessel outbreak with a high attack rate
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Abstract
The development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 would be greatly facilitated by the identification of immunological correlates of protection in humans. However, to date, studies on protective immunity have been performed only in animal models and correlates of protection have not been established in humans. Here, we describe an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 on a fishing vessel associated with a high attack rate. Predeparture serological and viral reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) testing along with repeat testing after return to shore was available for 120 of the 122 persons on board over a median follow-up of 32.
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Preexisting immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is associated with protection against reinfection in humans and in nonhuman primates.
“Preexisting immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is associated with protection against reinfection in humans (9–11) and in nonhuman primates (12, 13).”
From mRNA vaccination boosts cross-variant neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
Some studies have found that people with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies have a lower risk of clinical reinfection than antibody-negative people.
“A few studies to date have reported that individuals with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are at lower risk of clinical reinfection than are antibody-negative individuals.”
Because some earlier cohorts were small and lacked systematic molecular testing, the true population effect of antibodies on reinfection risk remained unknown.
“However, given the relatively small size of some of these cohorts and the lack of systematic SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing, the true population effect remains unknown.”
Studies conducted before the emergence of the Omicron variant indicated that convalescent COVID-19 patients are efficiently protected against reinfection and that antibody responses likely play an important role in protection.
“Studies conducted before the emergence of the Omicron variant indicated that convalescent COVID-19 patients are efficiently protected against reinfection and antibody responses likely play an important role in protection”
From The Omicron variant is highly resistant against antibody-mediated neutralization: Implications for control of the COVID-19 pandemic (2022) · cites this paper as Addetia et al., 2020
Neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection against reinfection and vaccine effectiveness against infection.
“Neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection against reinfection and vaccine effectiveness against infection”
From Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of concern (2021) · cites this paper as [6]
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Self-citationMok, C. K. P., Cohen, C. A., Cheng, S. M. S., Chen, C., Kwok, K., Yiu, K., Chan, T., Bull, M., Ling, K. C., Dai, Z., et al. (2022) · Respirology · doi:10.1111/resp.14191 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
“Virus neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection from re-infection following natural infection as well as vaccination 4,5 and in experimental animal models.”
InfluentialCorrelates of protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection
Krammer, F. (2021) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00782-0 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Basavaraju, S. V., Patton, M. E., Grimm, K., Rasheed, M. A. U., Lester, S., Mills, L., Stumpf, M., Freeman, B., Tamin, A., Harcourt, J., et al. (2021) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1785 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
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Decay of Fc-dependent antibody functions after mild to moderate COVID-19
Lee, W. S., Selva, K. J., Davis, S. K., Wines, B. D., Reynaldi, A., Esterbauer, R., Kelly, H. G., Haycroft, E. R., Tan, H.-X., Juno, J. A., et al. (2020) · doi:10.1101/2020.12.13.20248143 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
- Authors
- Addetia, A., Crawford, K. H. D., Dingens, A., Zhu, H., Roychoudhury, P., Huang, M.-L., Jerome, K. R., Bloom, J. D., & Greninger, A. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Greninger, Alexander L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Microbiology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2020-10-21
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 11
- ISSN
- 0095-1137 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-660X
- PMC
- PMC7587101
- OpenAlex
- W3080581616
- Cited by
- 525
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 146 · 2021: 207 · 2020: 52
- FWCI
- 15.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI141707, F30AI149928)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, neutralizing antibodies, immunological correlates of protection, attack rate, serological testing, protective immunity, COVID-19 pandemic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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