Spatiotemporal precision and hemodynamic mechanism of optical point spreads in alert primates
Open accessAbstract
In functional brain imaging there is controversy over which hemodynamic signal best represents neural activity. Intrinsic signal optical imaging (ISOI) suggests that the best signal is the early darkening observed at wavelengths absorbed preferentially by deoxyhemoglobin (HbR). It is assumed that this darkening or "initial dip" reports local conversion of oxyhemoglobin (HbO) to HbR, i.e., oxygen consumption caused by local neural activity, thus giving the most specific measure of such activity. The blood volume signal, by contrast, is believed to be more delayed and less specific. Here, we used multiwavelength ISOI to simultaneously map oxygenation and blood volume [i.e., total hemoglobin (HbT)] in primary visual cortex (V1) of the alert macaque. We found that the hemodynamic "point spread," i.e., impulse response to a minimal visual stimulus, was as rapid and retinotopically specific when imaged by using blood volume as when using the initial dip. Quantitative separation of the imaged signal into HbR, HbO, and HbT showed, moreover, that the initial dip was dominated by a fast local increase in HbT, with no increase in HbR. We found only a delayed HbR decrease that was broader in retinotopic spread than HbO or HbT. Further, we show that the multiphasic time course of typical ISOI signals and the strength of the initial dip may reflect the temporal interplay of monophasic HbO, HbR, and HbT signals. Characterizing the hemodynamic response is important for understanding neurovascular coupling and elucidating the physiological basis of imaging techniques such as fMRI.
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At low field strengths suitable for scanning children and adolescents (<7 T), the PSF in a region of cortex is thought to be largely determined by proximity to local blood vessels, rather than by local grey matter density, horizontal connections, synapses and so on.
“At the low field strengths suitable for scanning children and adolescents (<7 T), the PSF in a region of cortex is thought to be largely determined by proximity to local blood vessels, rather than by local grey matter density, horizontal connections, synapses and so on (Sirotin et al., 2009; Shmuel et al., 2007).”
From The social brain in adolescence: evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioural studies (2011) · cites this paper as Sirotin et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Sirotin, Y. B., Hillman, E. M. C., Bordier, C., & Das, A.
- Affiliations
- Departments of aNeuroscience,
- Biomedical Engineering,
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sirotin, Yevgeniy B.
- Das, Aniruddha
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2009-10-27
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 43
- Pages
- 18390-18395
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2775289
- OpenAlex
- W2061951101
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 7.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Dana Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (5r24ey015634-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH015174)
- National Eye Institute (R24 EY-015634, R01EY019500, R01EY013759)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (F31NS056834, R21NS053684, R01NS063226)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- intrinsic signal imaging, hemodynamic response, deoxyhemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin, total hemoglobin, blood volume, primary visual cortex, macaque, retinotopic mapping, neurovascular coupling, neural activity detection, multi-wavelength imaging
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Hemodynamics, Hemoglobins, Macaca, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Oximetry, Visual Cortex
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