Contrasting effects of different maternal diets on sexually dimorphic gene expression in the murine placenta
Open accessAbstract
Diet during pregnancy influences the future health of a woman's offspring, with outcomes differing depending on the child's sex. Because the placenta buffers the fetus from the mother, we examined the impact of diet and fetal sex on placental gene expression in mice fed either a very-high-fat, low-fat, chow diet of intermediate caloric density. At day 12.5 of pregnancy, placental RNA was extracted and analyzed by microarray. The expression of 1,972 genes was changed more than 2-fold ( P < 0.05) in comparisons across diet in at least one of the three groups. Female placentae demonstrated more striking alterations in gene expression in response to maternal diet than male placentae. Notably, each diet provided a distinctive signature of sexually dimorphic genes, with expression generally higher in genes (651 out of 700) from female placentae than those from male placentae. Several genes normally considered as characteristic of kidney function were affected by diet, including genes regulating ion balance and chemoreception. The placenta also expressed most of the known olfactory receptor genes ( Olfr ), which may allow the placenta to sense odorant molecules and other minor dietary components, with transcript levels of many of these genes influenced by diet and fetal sex. In conclusion, gene expression in the murine placenta is adaptive and shaped by maternal diet. It also exhibits pronounced sexual dimorphism, with placentae of females more sensitive to nutritional perturbations than placentae of males.
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Sex-dependent differences in gene expression are likely to underlie the contrasting placental responses observed following exposure to high-fat/low-fat diets, glucocorticoids, or hypoxia in mice.
“Nonetheless, sex-dependent differences in gene expression are likely to underlie the contrasting placental responses observed following exposure to high-fat/low-fat diets (202, 356), glucocorticoids (132), or hypoxia (133, 363) in mice.”
From Placental Origins of Chronic Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [356]
In the mouse, manipulation of dietary fat content during pregnancy alters expression of both the growth hormone gene (Gh1) and the extensive family of prolactin and prolactin-like genes in the placenta during late gestation.
“In the mouse, manipulation of dietary fat content during pregnancy also alters expression of both the growth hormone gene (Gh1) and the extensive family of prolactin and prolactin-like genes in the placenta during late gestation (356).”
From Placental Origins of Chronic Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [356]
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- Authors
- Mao, J., Zhang, X., Sieli, P. T., Falduto, M. T., Torres, K. E., & Rosenfeld, C. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Missouri (US)
- GenUs BioSystems (United States) (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2010-03-08
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 5557-5562
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2851754
- OpenAlex
- W2099236073
- Cited by
- 261
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 16.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD44042, R01HD044042)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Keywords
- maternal diet, placenta, sexually dimorphic gene expression, fetal sex, low-fat diet, placental transcriptome, olfactory receptor genes, ion homeostasis, chemoreception
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Diet, Dietary Fats, Female, Male, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Placenta, Placental Hormones, Pregnancy, Sex Characteristics, Gene Expression, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Gene Expression Profiling, Mice
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