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Resting-state glutamate level in the anterior cingulate predicts blood-oxygen level-dependent response to cognitive control
Abstract
The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is a core structure for the governing of cognitive control, and recent studies have shown that interindividual differences in dACC anatomy are associated with corresponding differences in the ability for cognitive control. However, individuals differ not only in anatomical features of dACC, but also exhibit substantial variability regarding the biochemical characteristics of the dACC. In this study, we combined magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), finding that interindividual differences of glutamate levels in the dACC during resting-state predict the strength of the blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response to a task requiring cognitive control. This relationship was observed in the retrosplenial cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, the inferior parietal lobe, and the basal ganglia. More specifically, individuals with low resting-state glutamate levels in the dACC showed an increased BOLD response when the task demands were high, whereas high-glutamate individuals showed the opposite pattern of an increased BOLD response when the task demands were low. Thus, we show here that individual variability of glutamate levels is directly related to how the brain implements cognitive control.
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![Fig. 1 Positioning of the voxel (here left hemisphere) for the 1 H-MRS in the dACC (note the tilt of the voxel in the transverse plane) ( A ). The fMRI analysis showed a signi fi cant interaction [ P < 0.05, familywise error (FWE), extent threshold 20 voxels, n = 40] of attention instruction and interaural intensity difference also within the 1 H-MRS voxel in the dACC ( B ), displaying an increase in the BOLD response ( n = 40) when the task required high levels of cognitive control ( C ). FR, forced-right attention; FL, forced-left attention; RE+, right ear 18 dB louder; LE+, left ear 18 dB louder.](/paper-figures/9010ec68757a4cebb25f199c3551a827/resting-state-glutamate-level-in-the-anterior-cingulate-predicts-blood-oxygen-figure-1.png)
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“The relationship between glutamate concentration and BOLD signal is not well established.”
From Lisdexamfetamine Effects on Executive Activation and Neurochemistry in Menopausal Women with Executive Function Difficulties (2017) · cites this paper as Falkenberg et al, 2012
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“One study found a positive correlation between dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) glutamate and BOLD during a cognitive control task in several regions including the retrosplenial cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, inferior parietal lobule, and basal ganglia (Falkenberg et al, 2012).”
From Lisdexamfetamine Effects on Executive Activation and Neurochemistry in Menopausal Women with Executive Function Difficulties (2017) · cites this paper as Falkenberg et al, 2012
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Cites
Attention and cognitive control networks assessed in a dichotic listening fMRI study
Falkenberg, L. E., Specht, K., & Westerhausen, R. (2011) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2011.02.006 · Cited by 61
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Kapogiannis, D., Reiter, D. A., Willette, A. A., & Mattson, M. P. (2013) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.09.029 · Cited by 211
Hu, Y., Chen, X., Gu, H., & Yang, Y. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1973-13.2013 · Cited by 167
Are hallucinations due to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory influences on the brain?
Jardri, R., Hugdahl, K., Hughes, M., Brunelin, J., Waters, F., Alderson-Day, B., Smailes, D., Sterzer, P., Corlett, P. R., Leptourgos, P., et al. (2016) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw075 · Cited by 157
Self-citationGlutamate as a mediating transmitter for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia: A 1H MRS study
Hugdahl, K., Craven, A. R., Nygård, M., Løberg, E.-M., Berle, J. Ø., Johnsen, E., Kroken, R., Specht, K., Andreassen, O. A., & Ersland, L. (2015) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.11.015 · Cited by 64
Self-citationVidal-Piñeiro, D., Martín-Trias, P., Falcón, C., Bargalló, N., Clemente, I. C., Valls-Solé, J., Junqué, C., Pascual-Leone, A., & Bartrés-Faz, D. (2015) · Brain Stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2015.04.005 · Cited by 49
Metadata
- Authors
- Falkenberg, L. E., Westerhausen, R., Specht, K., & Hugdahl, K.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2012-03-12
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 5069-5073
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- 1091-6490
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 1
- Language
- en
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