The DOI matches its Crossref record; 64 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Microbial oceanography of anoxic oxygen minimum zones
Open accessAbstract
Vast expanses of oxygen-deficient and nitrite-rich water define the major oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) of the global ocean. They support diverse microbial communities that influence the nitrogen economy of the oceans, contributing to major losses of fixed nitrogen as dinitrogen (N 2 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) gases. Anaerobic microbial processes, including the two pathways of N 2 production, denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation, are oxygen-sensitive, with some occurring only under strictly anoxic conditions. The detection limit of the usual method (Winkler titrations) for measuring dissolved oxygen in seawater, however, is much too high to distinguish low oxygen conditions from true anoxia. However, new analytical technologies are revealing vanishingly low oxygen concentrations in nitrite-rich OMZs, indicating that these OMZs are essentially anoxic marine zones (AMZs). Autonomous monitoring platforms also reveal previously unrecognized episodic intrusions of oxygen into the AMZ core, which could periodically support aerobic metabolisms in a typically anoxic environment. Although nitrogen cycling is considered to dominate the microbial ecology and biogeochemistry of AMZs, recent environmental genomics and geochemical studies show the presence of other relevant processes, particularly those associated with the sulfur and carbon cycles. AMZs correspond to an intermediate state between two “end points” represented by fully oxic systems and fully sulfidic systems. Modern and ancient AMZs and sulfidic basins are chemically and functionally related. Global change is affecting the magnitude of biogeochemical fluxes and ocean chemical inventories, leading to shifts in AMZ chemistry and biology that are likely to continue well into the future.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Spreading dead zones and consequences for marine ecosystems
Diaz, R. J., & Rosenberg, R. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1156401 · Cited by 6,626
Froelich, P. N., Klinkhammer, G. P., Bender, M. L., Luedtke, N. A., Heath, G. R., Cullen, D., Dauphin, P., Hammond, D., Hartman, B., & Maynard, V. (1979) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(79)90095-4 · Cited by 3,368
Ocean Deoxygenation in a Warming World
Keeling, R. F., Körtzinger, A., & Gruber, N. (2010) · Annual Review of Marine Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163855 · Cited by 1,712
Expanding Oxygen-Minimum Zones in the Tropical Oceans
Stramma, L., Johnson, G. C., Sprintall, J., & Mohrholz, V. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1153847 · Cited by 1,516
Falkowski, P. G. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/387272a0 · Cited by 1,318
Impacts of Atmospheric Anthropogenic Nitrogen on the Open Ocean
Duce, R. A., LaRoche, J., Altieri, K., Arrigo, K. R., Baker, A. R., Capone, D. G., Cornell, S., Dentener, F., Galloway, J., Ganeshram, R. S., et al. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1150369 · Cited by 1,117
Self-citationFerruginous conditions: a dominant feature of the ocean through Earth's history
Poulton, S. W., & Canfield, D. E. (2011) · Elements · doi:10.2113/gselements.7.2.107 · Cited by 1,018
Self-citationDie Bestimmung des im Wasser gelösten Sauerstoffes
Winkler, L. W. (1888) · Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft · doi:10.1002/cber.188802102122 · Cited by 891
The oceanic fixed nitrogen and nitrous oxide budgets: Moving targets as we enter the anthropocene?
Codispoti, L. A., Brandes, J. A., Christensen, J. P., Devol, A. H., Naqvi, S. W. A., Paerl, H. W., & Yoshinari, T. (2001) · Scientia Marina · doi:10.3989/scimar.2001.65s285 · Cited by 806
Revising the nitrogen cycle in the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone
Lam, P., Lavik, G., Jensen, M. M., van de Vossenberg, J., Schmid, M., Woebken, D., Gutiérrez, D., Amann, R., Jetten, M. S. M., & Kuypers, M. M. M. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0812444106 · Cited by 744
Cited by
Ecosystem function and services provided by the deep sea
Thurber, A. R., Sweetman, A. K., Narayanaswamy, B. E., Jones, D. O. B., Ingels, J., & Hansman, R. L. (2014) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-11-3941-2014 · Cited by 411
Tan, B., Ng, C., Nshimyimana, J. P., Loh, L. L., Gin, K. Y.-H., & Thompson, J. R. (2015) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01027 · Cited by 297
Ammonium and nitrite oxidation at nanomolar oxygen concentrations in oxygen minimum zone waters
Bristow, L. A., Dalsgaard, T., Tiano, L., Mills, D. B., Bertagnolli, A. D., Wright, J. J., Hallam, S. J., Ulloa, O., Canfield, D. E., Revsbech, N. P., et al. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1600359113 · Cited by 287
Self-citationUndocumented water column sink for cadmium in open ocean oxygen-deficient zones
Janssen, D. J., Conway, T. M., John, S. G., Christian, J. R., Kramer, D. I., Pedersen, T. F., & Cullen, J. T. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1402388111 · Cited by 154
Metadata
- Authors
- Ulloa, O., Canfield, D. E., DeLong, E. F., Letelier, R. M., & Stewart, F. J.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2012-09-11
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 40
- Pages
- 15996-16003
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2022584152
- Cited by
- 465
- References
- 64
- FWCI
- 15.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Microbial oceanography of anoxic oxygen minimum zones. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.1205009109
- The paper
- Ulloa, O., Canfield, D. E., DeLong, E. F., Letelier, R. M., & Stewart, F. J. (2012). Microbial oceanography of anoxic oxygen minimum zones. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1205009109
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
