Cited by 154Paleontology and Stratigraphy of FossilsMarine and coastal ecosystemsGeochemistry and Elemental Analysis

Undocumented water column sink for cadmium in open ocean oxygen-deficient zones

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Janssen, David J., Conway, Tim M., John, Seth G., Christian, James R., Kramer, Dennis I., Pedersen, Tom F., Cullen, Jay T.·2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a micronutrient and a tracer of biological productivity and circulation in the ocean. The correlation between dissolved Cd and the major algal nutrients in seawater has led to the use of Cd preserved in microfossils to constrain past ocean nutrient distributions. However, linking Cd to marine biological processes requires constraints on marine sources and sinks of Cd. Here, we show a decoupling between Cd and major nutrients within oxygen-deficient zones (ODZs) in both the Northeast Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans, which we attribute to Cd sulfide (CdS) precipitation in euxinic microenvironments around sinking biological particles. We find that dissolved Cd correlates well with dissolved phosphate in oxygenated waters, but is depleted compared with phosphate in ODZs. Additionally, suspended particles from the North Atlantic show high Cd content and light Cd stable isotope ratios within the ODZ, indicative of CdS precipitation. Globally, we calculate that CdS precipitation in ODZs is an important, and to our knowledge a previously undocumented marine sink of Cd. Our results suggest that water column oxygen depletion has a substantial impact on Cd biogeochemical cycling, impacting the global relationship between Cd and major nutrients and suggesting that Cd may be a previously unidentified tracer for water column oxygen deficiency on geological timescales. Similar depletions of copper and zinc in the Northeast Pacific indicate that sulfide precipitation in ODZs may also have an influence on the global distribution of other trace metals.

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Authors
Janssen, D. J., Conway, T. M., John, S. G., Christian, J. R., Kramer, D. I., Pedersen, T. F., & Cullen, J. T.
Affiliations
  • University of Victoria (CA)
  • University of South Carolina (US)
  • Fisheries and Oceans Canada (CA)
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
2014-04-28
Volume
111
Issue
19
Pages
6888-6893
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W2090752118
Cited by
154
References
251
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3
FWCI
7.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UVic’s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria) (submittedVersion)
  • Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine and coastal ecosystems
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
Keywords
cadmium, oxygen deficient zones, trace metal biogeochemistry, dissolved phosphate, suspended particulate matter, Northeast Pacific, North Atlantic
MeSH terms
Cadmium, Marine Biology, Oceanography, Oceans and Seas, Oxygen, Phosphates, Seawater, Trace Elements, Stramenopiles

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