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Genetic and archaeological perspectives on the initial modern human colonization of southern Asia

Mellars, Paul, Gori, Kevin C., Carr, Martin, Soares, Pedro A., Richards, Martin B.·2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.1306043110
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Abstract

It has been argued recently that the initial dispersal of anatomically modern humans from Africa to southern Asia occurred before the volcanic “supereruption” of the Mount Toba volcano (Sumatra) at ∼74,000 y before present (B.P.)—possibly as early as 120,000 y B.P. We show here that this “pre-Toba” dispersal model is in serious conflict with both the most recent genetic evidence from both Africa and Asia and the archaeological evidence from South Asian sites. We present an alternative model based on a combination of genetic analyses and recent archaeological evidence from South Asia and Africa. These data support a coastally oriented dispersal of modern humans from eastern Africa to southern Asia ∼60–50 thousand years ago (ka). This was associated with distinctively African microlithic and “backed-segment” technologies analogous to the African “Howiesons Poort” and related technologies, together with a range of distinctively “modern” cultural and symbolic features (highly shaped bone tools, personal ornaments, abstract artistic motifs, microblade technology, etc.), similar to those that accompanied the replacement of “archaic” Neanderthal by anatomically modern human populations in other regions of western Eurasia at a broadly similar date.

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  • The same approach can be used to develop and test models that seek to explain the rapid dispersal of modern humans out of Africa via similar periodically interconnected hydro-ecological networks.

    “The same approach therefore can be used to develop and test models that seek to explain the rapid dispersal of modern humans out of Africa (27–30, 61) via similar periodically interconnected hydro-ecological networks (1, 27, 28, 43, 62).”

    From Humans, water, and the colonization of Australia (2016) · cites this paper as [61]

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Metadata

Authors
Mellars, P., Gori, K. C., Carr, M., Soares, P. A., & Richards, M. B.
Affiliations
  • Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, United Kingdom;
  • Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom;
  • Archaeogenetics Research Group, Division of Biology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom;
  • Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Published
2013-06-10
Volume
110
Issue
26
Pages
10699-10704
ISSN
  • 0027-8424
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.1306043110
Cited by
276
References
12
Language
en

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