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Host cell entry of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein
Open accessAbstract
Significance: The emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a deadly human coronavirus, has triggered considerable interest in the biomedical community. Similar to other enveloped viruses, coronaviruses access host cells by membrane fusion, a process mediated by specific fusion or “spike” proteins on the virion, often activated by cellular proteases. We have identified unique features of the MERS-CoV spike (S) protein cleavage activation. Our findings suggest that S can be activated by furin, a broadly expressed protease, by a two-step cleavage mechanism, occurring at distinct sites, with cleavage events temporally separated. Such furin-mediated activation is unusual in that it occurs in part during virus entry. Our findings may explain the polytropic nature, pathogenicity, and life cycle of this zoonotic coronavirus.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Millet, J. K., & Whittaker, G. R.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2014-10-06
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 42
- Pages
- 15214-15219
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2085887280
- Cited by
- 698
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 13.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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