Distinct conformational states of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
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Abstract
A dynamic viral spike: Efforts to protect human cells against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have focused on the trimeric spike (S) protein. Several structures have shown a stabilized ectodomain of the spike in its prefusion conformation. Cai et al. now provide insight into the structural changes in the S protein that result in the fusion of the viral and host cell membranes. They purified full-length S protein and determined cryo–electron microscopy structures of both the prefusion and postfusion conformations. These structures add to our understanding of S protein function and could inform vaccine design. Science , this issue p. 1586
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The S2 subunit comprises FP, HR, CH, CD, TMD, CT, and is responsible for mediating fusion between virus and host cell membrane.
“The S2 subunit comprises the fusion peptide (FP), double heptad repeat (HR), central helix region (CH), connector domain (CD), transmembrane domain (TMD), and cytoplasmic tail (CT), and the S2 subunit is responsible for mediating the fusion between the virus and the host cell membrane233–236”
From Advances in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine development (2022) · cites this paper as [236]
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“Because the RBD is usually in the “down” conformation (Cai et al., 2020; Ke et al., 2020; Walls et al., 2020), we speculate that while sites accessible in this conformation can be targeted by neutralizing antibodies, they may be subdominant in the context of polyclonal serum binding to full spike even if they are do…”
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An engineered decoy receptor for SARS-CoV-2 broadly binds protein S sequence variants
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Immunogenicity and efficacy of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine MRT5500 in preclinical animal models
Kalnin, K. V., Plitnik, T., Kishko, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, D., Beauvais, A., Anosova, N. G., Tibbitts, T., DiNapoli, J., Ulinski, G., et al. (2021) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-021-00324-5 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationSoh, W. T., Liu, Y., Nakayama, E. E., Ono, C., Torii, S., Nakagami, H., Matsuura, Y., Shioda, T., & Arase, H. (2020) · doi:10.1101/2020.11.05.369264 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Preclinical evaluation of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine PTX-COVID19-B
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Immunogenicity of novel mRNA COVID-19 vaccine MRT5500 in mice and non-human primates
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Cai, Y., Zhang, J., Xiao, T., Peng, H., Sterling, S. M., Walsh, R. M., Rawson, S., Rits-Volloch, S., & Chen, B.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Bing
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2020-09-25
- Volume
- 369
- Issue
- 6511
- Pages
- 1586-1592
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC7263552
- OpenAlex
- W3042332408
- Cited by
- 1,221
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 67 · 2025: 109 · 2024: 139 · 2023: 187 · 2022: 293 · 2021: 331 · 2020: 92 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 29.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (AI147884, AI14788401A1S1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Enzyme Structure and Function
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, spike protein, postfusion conformation, membrane fusion, receptor binding domain, fusion peptide, N-glycans, viral entry, vaccine design, antiviral agents
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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