Cited by 190Child Development and Digital TechnologyAttention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderImpact of Technology on Adolescents

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Screen media use and ADHD-related behaviors: Four decades of research

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Beyens, Ine, Valkenburg, Patti M., Piotrowski, Jessica Taylor·2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.1611611114PMC PMC6176582

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Abstract

The diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among children and adolescents has increased considerably over the past decades. Scholars and health professionals alike have expressed concern about the role of screen media in the rise in ADHD diagnosis. However, the extent to which screen media use and ADHD are linked remains a point of debate. To understand the current state of the field and, ultimately, move the field forward, we provide a systematic review of the literature on the relationship between children and adolescents’ screen media use and ADHD-related behaviors (i.e., attention problems, hyperactivity, and impulsivity). Using the Differential Susceptibility to Media effects Model as a theoretical lens, we systematically organize the existing literature, identify potential shortcomings in this literature, and provide directions for future research. The available evidence suggests a statistically small relationship between media and ADHD-related behaviors. Evidence also suggests that individual child differences, such as gender and trait aggression, may moderate this relationship. There is a clear need for future research that investigates causality, underlying mechanisms, and differential susceptibility to the effects of screen media use on ADHD-related behaviors. It is only through a richer empirical body that we will be able to fully understand the media–ADHD relationship.

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Authors: Beyens, I., Valkenburg, P. M., & Piotrowski, J. T.
Affiliations: University of Amsterdam (NL)
ORCID: Beyens, Ine
Valkenburg, Patti M.
Piotrowski, Jessica Taylor
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 2018-10
Volume: 115
Issue: 40
Pages: 9875-9881
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1611611114
PMC: PMC6176582
OpenAlex: W2895630669
Cited by: 190
References: 86
Citations by year: 2026: 24 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1
FWCI: 6.46
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/licenses.xhtml (vor, 182 d)
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Lirias (submittedVersion, other-oa)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: EC | European Research Council (AdG09 249488-ENTCHILD)
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (024.001.003)
Topics: Social Sciences › Education › Child Development and Digital Technology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
Keywords: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, screen media use, attention deficits, hyperactivity, impulsivity, children and adolescents, trait aggression, gender differences
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Age Factors, Aggression, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Sex Factors, Multimedia

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Screen media use and ADHD-related behaviors: Four decades of research

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