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Environmental selection during the last ice age on the mother-to-infant transmission of vitamin D and fatty acids through breast milk

Hlusko, Leslea J., Carlson, Joshua P., Chaplin, George, Elias, Scott A., Hoffecker, John F., Huffman, Michaela, Jablonski, Nina G., Monson, Tesla A., O’Rourke, Dennis H., Pilloud, Marin A., Scott, G. Richard·2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.1711788115PMC PMC5948952
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Abstract

Significance: The frequency of the human-specific EDAR V370A isoform is highly elevated in North and East Asian populations. The gene is known to have several pleiotropic effects, among which are sweat gland density and ductal branching in the mammary gland. The former has led some geneticists to argue that the near-fixation of this allele was caused by selection for modulation of thermoregulatory sweating. We provide an alternative hypothesis, that selection instead acted on the allele’s effect of increasing ductal branching in the mammary gland, thereby amplifying the transfer of critical nutrients to infants via mother’s milk. This is likely to have occurred during the Last Glacial Maximum when a human population was genetically isolated in the high-latitude environment of the Beringia.

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  • The Yana River occupants apparently did not develop any genetic adaptations to vitamin D deficiency related to low UV radiation during the winter months.

    “They apparently did not develop any genetic adaptations to vitamin D deficiency related to low UV radiation during the winter months [70,79].”

    From Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere (2023) · cites this paper as [79]

  • They also include a variant of EDAR V370A, which was under strong positive selection pressure during the LGM and appears to be an adaptation to vitamin D deficiency (due to low UV radiation) related to nursing infants.

    “They also include a variant of EDAR V370A, which was under strong positive selection pressure during the LGM and appears to be an adaptation to vitamin D deficiency (due to low UV radiation) related to nursing infants [70,79].”

    From Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere (2023) · cites this paper as [79]

  • Genetic adaptation to low UV radiation, especially in the absence of dietary sources of vitamin D, may have been an important factor in the settlement history of the GAP.

    “Rather than presenting an ecological barrier, the large mammal populations of the GAP—much of which lies within arctic Beringia—probably attracted modern humans to high latitudes, although genetic adaptation to low UV radiation, especially in the absence of dietary sources of vitamin D, may have been an important factor in the settlement history of the GAP [79].”

    From Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere (2023) · cites this paper as [79]

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Metadata

Authors
Hlusko, L. J., Carlson, J. P., Chaplin, G., Elias, S. A., Hoffecker, J. F., Huffman, M., Jablonski, N. G., Monson, T. A., O’Rourke, D. H., Pilloud, M. A., & Scott, G. R.
Affiliations
  • Human Evolution Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802;
  • Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0450;
  • Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • Department of Anthropology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045-7540;
  • Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557
ORCID
Hlusko, Leslea J.
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Published
2018-04-23
Volume
115
Issue
19
ISSN
  • 0027-8424
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.1711788115
PMC
PMC5948952
Cited by
94
References
8
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (vor)

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