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Two contemporaneous mitogenomes from terminal Pleistocene burials in eastern Beringia
Abstract
Significance: Beringia gave rise to the first Western Hemisphere colonists, although the genetic characterization of that source population has remained obscure. We report two mitogenomes from human remains within Beringia, with an age (∼11,500 cal B.P.) that postdates the end of the initial colonization by only a few millennia. The mitochondrial lineages identified (B2, C1b) are rare to absent in modern northern populations, indicating greater genetic diversity in early Beringia than in modern populations of the region. The antiquity and geographic location of these two burials, and the combined genomic and archaeological analyses, provide new perspectives on the link between Asia and the Americas, and the genetic makeup of the first Americans.
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Dispersing human groups were genetically isolated in Beringia for up to 8,000 years before moving south of the ice sheets into North America.
“They also suggest that dispersing groups reached Beringia during the LGM (dated to ca. 18,000–24,000 cal BP) where they were genetically isolated for up to 8,000 years before moving south of the ice-sheets into North America [3–11].”
From Earliest Human Presence in North America Dated to the Last Glacial Maximum: New Radiocarbon Dates from Bluefish Caves, Canada (2017) · cites this paper as [8]
Dispersing human groups reached Beringia during the Last Glacial Maximum, dated to ca. 18,000-24,000 cal BP.
“They also suggest that dispersing groups reached Beringia during the LGM (dated to ca. 18,000–24,000 cal BP) where they were genetically isolated for up to 8,000 years before moving south of the ice-sheets into North America [3–11].”
From Earliest Human Presence in North America Dated to the Last Glacial Maximum: New Radiocarbon Dates from Bluefish Caves, Canada (2017) · cites this paper as [8]
Human populations migrating into North America originated in Siberia.
“Recent genetic and palaeogenetic analyses [3–10], as well as dental morphological evidence [11], confirm that human populations migrating into North America originated in Siberia.”
From Earliest Human Presence in North America Dated to the Last Glacial Maximum: New Radiocarbon Dates from Bluefish Caves, Canada (2017) · cites this paper as [8]
The first inhabitants of Beringia probably dispersed along a Pacific coastal route, possibly as early as ca. 16,000 cal BP, and settled south of the ice sheets before the ice-free corridor became a viable route.
“It is now more widely recognized that the first inhabitants of Beringia probably dispersed along a Pacific coastal route, possibly as early as ca. 16,000 cal BP, and settled south of the ice sheets before the ice-free corridor became a viable route [3–12,77–79].”
From Earliest Human Presence in North America Dated to the Last Glacial Maximum: New Radiocarbon Dates from Bluefish Caves, Canada (2017) · cites this paper as [8]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tackney, J. C., Potter, B. A., Raff, J., Powers, M., Watkins, W. S., Warner, D., Reuther, J. D., Irish, J. D., & O’Rourke, D. H.
- Affiliations
- Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112;
- Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775;
- Department of Anthropology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045;
- DNA Sequencing Core, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112;
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112;
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Paleoecology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L33AF, United Kingdom
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2015-10-26
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 45
- Pages
- 13833-13838
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- 1091-6490
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 9
- Language
- en
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (OPP-0732846, OPP-1137078, OPP-1138811, OPP-1223119)
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