Klotho controls the brain-immune system interface in the choroid plexus
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mice increased the expression of multiple proinflammatory factors and triggered macrophage infiltration of this structure in young mice, simulating changes in unmanipulated old mice. Wild-type mice infected with the same Cre recombinase-expressing virus did not show such alterations. Experimental depletion of klotho from the choroid plexus enhanced microglial activation in the hippocampus after peripheral injection of mice with lipopolysaccharide. In primary cultures, klotho suppressed thioredoxin-interacting protein-dependent activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages by enhancing fibroblast growth factor 23 signaling. We conclude that klotho functions as a gatekeeper at the interface between the brain and immune system in the choroid plexus. Klotho depletion in aging or disease may weaken this barrier and promote immune-mediated neuropathogenesis.
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There was age-dependent expression of genes encoding secreted proteins, including Klotho, which increased with age.
“There were also age-dependent expression of genes encoding secreted proteins (Figure 3H, S3H, Table S3), including the “anti-aging” gene Klotho (Kuro-o et al., 1997; Zhu et al., 2018), which increased with age (Figure 3H).”
From A cellular and spatial map of the choroid plexus across brain ventricles and ages (2021) · cites this paper as Zhu et al., 2018
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- Authors
- Zhu, L., Stein, L. R., Kim, D., Ho, K., Yu, G.-Q., Zhan, L., Larsson, T. E., & Mucke, L.
- Affiliations
- Gladstone Institutes (US)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Mucke, Lennart
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2018-11-09
- Volume
- 115
- Issue
- 48
- Pages
- E11388-E11396
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC6275534
- OpenAlex
- W2900439582
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 8
- FWCI
- 5.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- US National Institutes of Health (NS088532)
- Ray and Dagmar Dolby Family Fund (N/A)
- Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NS093766)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Keywords
- Klotho, choroid plexus, aging, microglial activation, macrophage infiltration, NLRP3 inflammasome, TXNIP, inflammatory cytokines, lipopolysaccharide, hippocampus, neuroinflammation
- MeSH terms
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, Klotho Proteins, Aging, Animals, Brain, Choroid Plexus, Female, Glucuronidase, Hippocampus, Humans, Macrophages, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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