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A phosphorylation-dependent switch in the disordered p53 transactivation domain regulates DNA binding
Abstract
Significance: The transcription factor p53 is a master tumor suppressor that controls the cellular response to genotoxic stress. Following DNA damage, p53 is activated by phosphorylation at multiple sites in the intrinsically disordered N-terminal transactivation domain. In particular, the phosphorylation status of Thr55 controls both activation and termination of p53-mediated transcriptional programs during different stages of the cellular DNA damage response. Here we show that Thr55 functions as a phosphorylation-dependent regulatory switch that modulates synergistic intramolecular interactions between the disordered transactivation domain and the structured DNA-binding domain. The strength of these interactions is fine-tuned by the intervening proline-rich domain and is enhanced by Thr55 phosphorylation, resulting in autoinhibition of p53 binding to promoters that regulate cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
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“Binding of the DBDs to non-specific DNA, but not to cognate recognition elements, is autoinhibited by dynamic intramolecular interactions between the N-terminal activation domain (NTAD) and the DNA binding surface (Figure 8A).41,72,73”
From Mapping Interactions of the Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Regions of Tetrameric p53 by Segmental Isotope Labeling and NMR (2022) · cites this paper as [73]
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Cites
Blinded by the Light: The Growing Complexity of p53
Vousden, K. H., & Prives, C. (2009) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.04.037 · Cited by 3,163
Structure of the MDM2 Oncoprotein Bound to the p53 Tumor Suppressor Transactivation Domain
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Definition of a consensus binding site for p53
El-Deiry, W. S., Kern, S. E., Pietenpol, J. A., Kinzler, K. W., & Vogelstein, B. (1992) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0492-45 · Cited by 1,985
Post-translational modification of p53 in tumorigenesis
Bode, A. M., & Dong, Z. (2004) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1455 · Cited by 1,270
A Global Map of p53 Transcription-Factor Binding Sites in the Human Genome
Wei, C.-L., Wu, Q., Vega, V. B., Chiu, K. P., Ng, P., Zhang, T., Shahab, A., Yong, H. C., Fu, Y., Weng, Z., et al. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.10.043 · Cited by 1,141
Awakening guardian angels: drugging the p53 pathway
Brown, C. J., Lain, S., Verma, C. S., Fersht, A. R., & Lane, D. P. (2009) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc2763 · Cited by 881
Structure of tumor suppressor p53 and its intrinsically disordered N-terminal transactivation domain
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How p53 binds DNA as a tetramer
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Cited by
Bourgeois, B., Spreitzer, E., Platero-Rochart, D., Paar, M., Zhou, Q., Usluer, S., de Keizer, P. L. J., Burgering, B. M. T., Sánchez-Murcia, P. A., & Madl, T. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60844-9 · Cited by 23
Krois, A. S., Park, S., Martinez-Yamout, M. A., Dyson, H. J., & Wright, P. E. (2022) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00528 · Cited by 14
Self-citationDisordered regions mediate the interaction of p53 and MRE11
Usluer, S., Galhuber, M., Khanna, Y., Bourgeois, B., Spreitzer, E., Michenthaler, H., Prokesch, A., & Madl, T. (2024) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119654 · Cited by 9
Schütz, S., Bergsdorf, C., Hänni-Holzinger, S., Lingel, A., Renatus, M., Gossert, A. D., & Jahnke, W. (2024) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00608 · Cited by 9
Mihalič, F., Åberg, E., Farkhondehkish, P., Theys, N., Andersson, E., & Jemth, P. (2023) · Protein Science · doi:10.1002/pro.4684 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Sun, X., Dyson, H. J., & Wright, P. E.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2020-12-28
- Volume
- 118
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- 1091-6490
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 8
- Language
- en
- Funders
- HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM075995, GM131693)
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