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Prenatal exposure to maternal social disadvantage and psychosocial stress and neonatal white matter connectivity at birth
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Abstract
Early life adversity (social disadvantage and psychosocial stressors) is associated with altered microstructure in fronto-limbic pathways important for socioemotional development. Understanding when these associations begin to emerge may inform the timing and design of preventative interventions. In this longitudinal study, 399 mothers were oversampled for low income and completed social background measures during pregnancy. Measures were analyzed with structural equation analysis resulting in two latent factors: social disadvantage (education, insurance status, income-to-needs ratio [INR], neighborhood deprivation, and nutrition) and psychosocial stress (depression, stress, life events, and racial discrimination). At birth, 289 healthy term-born neonates underwent a diffusion MRI (dMRI) scan. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured for the dorsal and inferior cingulum bundle (CB), uncinate, and fornix using probabilistic tractography in FSL. Social disadvantage and psychosocial stress were fitted to dMRI parameters using regression models adjusted for infant postmenstrual age at scan and sex. Social disadvantage, but not psychosocial stress, was independently associated with lower MD in the bilateral inferior CB and left uncinate, right fornix, and lower MD and higher FA in the right dorsal CB. Results persisted after accounting for maternal medical morbidities and prenatal drug exposure. In moderation analysis, psychosocial stress was associated with lower MD in the left inferior CB among the lower-to-higher socioeconomic status (SES) (INR ≥ 200%) group, but not the extremely low SES (INR < 200%) group. Increasing access to social welfare programs that reduce the burden of social disadvantage and related psychosocial stressors may be an important target to protect fetal brain development in fronto-limbic pathways.
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“and a follow-up analysis indicated that the effects of psychosocial stress were moderated by family income-to-needs, such that the relationship between maternal stress and mean diffusivity in the left inferior cingulum was stronger in a group with lower-to-higher income compared to an extremely low-income group (e.g., income <200% of national poverty line).”
From Prenatal Social Determinants of Health: Narrative review of maternal environments and neonatal brain development (2024) · cites this paper as [45]
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“Prenatal social disadvantage was associated with lower mean diffusivity in the bilateral cingulum, bilateral uncinate, and right fornix, with similar effects in radial and axial diffusivity.45”
From Prenatal Social Determinants of Health: Narrative review of maternal environments and neonatal brain development (2024) · cites this paper as [45]
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“These effects survived correction for maternal psychosocial stress”
From Prenatal Social Determinants of Health: Narrative review of maternal environments and neonatal brain development (2024) · cites this paper as [45]
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Cited by
Herzberg, M. P., & Smyser, C. D. (2024) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-024-03345-7 · Cited by 22
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lean, R. E., Smyser, C. D., Brady, R. G., Triplett, R. L., Kaplan, S., Kenley, J. K., Shimony, J. S., Smyser, T. A., Miller, J. P., Barch, D. M., Luby, J. L., Warner, B. B., & Rogers, C. E.
- Affiliations
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2022-10-11
- Volume
- 119
- Issue
- 42
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- 1091-6490
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 14
- Language
- en
- Funders
- HHS | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (K01 MH122735, F30 HD104313, T32 MH100019, R01 MH113883)
- Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (NARSAD Young Investigator Grant (28521))
- HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50 HD103525)
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