Alterations in amygdala–prefrontal circuits in infants exposed to prenatal maternal depression
Open accessAbstract
Prenatal exposure to maternal depression is common and puts offspring at risk for developing a range of neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite its prevalence and adverse associations, neurobiological processes by which prenatal maternal depression (PMD) confers risk remain poorly understood. Maternal mood and fetal behavior were assessed between 34 and 37 gestational weeks. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion MRI, we examined functional and structural connectivity within amygdala–prefrontal circuits in 64 infants (mean age=5.8±1.7 weeks) with ( n =20) and without ( n =44) in utero exposure to PMD. Resting fMRI and diffusion MRI both indicated atypical amygdala–prefrontal connectivity in PMD-exposed infants: Resting fMRI indicated increased inverse, or negative, functional connectivity between the amygdala and the dorsal prefrontal cortex (PFC), bilaterally, and diffusion MRI indicated decreased structural connectivity between the right amygdala and the right ventral PFC. Spectral dynamic causal modeling supported these findings suggesting altered amygdala–PFC effective (or directed) connectivity in PMD-exposed infants. Last, path analyses supported a mechanistic account relating PMD to a third-trimester fetal behavior: PMD alters amygdala–PFC connectivity, which in turn, is associated with an increase in fetal heart rate reactivity to in utero perturbation. These data suggest that the maturation and coordination of central and peripheral physiology are altered by prenatal exposure to maternal depression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to directly associate infant MRI measures with a behavior—fetal heart rate response, and supports hypotheses that PMD-associated variations in the development of amygdala–PFC circuits are relevant for future neurobehavioral maturation.
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Later exposure (3rd trimester) to heightened depression symptoms is linked to decreased connectivity to prefrontal circuits at around 5 weeks of life.
“Later exposure (i.e., 3rd trimester) to heightened depression symptoms is linked to decreased connectivity to prefrontal circuits at around 5 weeks of life [111].”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [111]
The Study procedures section reports maternal mood assessment at 34–37 gestational weeks and infant scans at a mean age of 5.8 weeks. The Results (Diffusion tractography; no page available) report decreased structural connectivity specifically between the right amygdala and right ventral prefrontal cortex. The broader claim omits that specificity: the Results (Voxel-wise seed-based functional connectivity) instead report stronger inverse functional connectivity with dorsal prefrontal regions. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Gee DG, Gabard-Durnam LJ, Flannery J, Goff B, Humphreys KL, Telzer EH et al. Early developmental emergence of human amygdala-prefrontal connectivity after maternal deprivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2013; 110: 15638–15643. 24019460 PMC3785723
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“connectivity in infants that have been interpreted as accelerations (115).”
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“, 2013), with AGV in childhood as well as with structural changes in the amygdala in the neonatal period and childhood (Rifkin-Graboi et al., 2013; Favaro et al., 2015; Posner et al., 2016; Scheinost et al., 2016; Wen et al., 2017).”
BackgroundPrenatal Maternal Stress, Child Cortical Thickness, and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms
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“Fetal heart responses to a laboratory challenge (a maternal stress task) mediated the association between prenatal maternal depression and newborn neural functioning (Posner et al., 2016), a finding that is consistent with the hypothesis that the prenatal environment contributed to this association as neurodevelopment…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPerinatal maternal depressive symptoms alter amygdala functional connectivity in girls
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“, 2013) and with amygdala functional connectivity with the prefrontal and limbic cortex as well as with the sensory cortex in infants (Posner et al., 2016; Qiu et al., 2015).”
BackgroundMaternal Childhood Adversity Associates With Frontoamygdala Connectivity in Neonates
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“This result was surprising given that at least one study has reported that maternal prenatal depression (which was included in our composite prenatal distress measure) modulates amygdala–dACC and amygdala–vmPFC connectivity in neonates (13).”
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“Indeed, a recent study assessing structural and functional connectivity in infants exposed to maternal depression suggested that alterations in fetal heart rate may influence the development of the amygdala-prefrontal circuit (88).”
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“There has been extensive work on early life experience and brain programming, which indicates that early life adversity, and even prenatal adversity (Posner et al., 2016), alters the developmental trajectory of limbic areas such as the PFC and amygdala (for review, see Callaghan et al.”
BackgroundScheinost, D., Spann, M. N., McDonough, L., Peterson, B. S., & Monk, C. (2020) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-020-0677-0 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationBeyond the neuron: Role of non-neuronal cells in stress disorders
Cathomas, F., Holt, L. M., Parise, E. M., Liu, J., Murrough, J. W., Casaccia, P., Nestler, E. J., & Russo, S. J. (2022) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2022.01.033 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Sun, S., Yu, H., Yu, R., & Wang, S. (2023) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-023-02625-w · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“PPI is an anatomically unconstrained (whole-brain), data-driven approach that does not provide directionality of any changes in connectivity between regions [54, 87].”
Spann, M. N., Bansal, R., Hao, X., Rosen, T. S., & Peterson, B. S. (2019) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297049.2019.1648641 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“early life adversity is associated with accelerated brain maturation during infancy and childhood (Gee et al., 2013; Posner et al., 2016).”
BackgroundSelf-citationHumphreys, K. L., Camacho, M. C., Roth, M. C., & Estes, E. C. (2020) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100877 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Stoye, D. Q., Blesa, M., Sullivan, G., Galdi, P., Lamb, G. J., Black, G. S., Quigley, A. J., Thrippleton, M. J., Bastin, M. E., Reynolds, R. M., et al. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.60729 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“…from studies that have characterised maternal stress by symptomatology of depression and/or anxiety, which report alterations in amygdala volume (Wen et al., 2017), microstructure (Rifkin-Graboi et al., 2013), and functional and structural connectivity among offspring (Posner et al., 2016).”
Neonatal intensive care unit phthalate exposure and preterm infant neurobehavioral performance
Stroustrup, A., Bragg, J. B., Andra, S. S., Curtin, P. C. P., Spear, E. A., Sison, D. B., Just, A. C., Arora, M., & Gennings, C. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0193835 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Salzwedel, A., Stephens, R. L., Goldman, B. D., Lin, W., Gilmore, J. H., & Gao, W. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.08.010 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Effect of Brief Interpersonal Therapy on Depression During Pregnancy
Hankin, B. L., Demers, C. H., Hennessey, E. P., Perzow, S. E. D., Curran, M. C., Gallop, R., Hoffman, M. C., & Davis, E. P. (2023) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0702 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Ostlund, B. D., Vlisides‐Henry, R. D., Crowell, S. E., Raby, K. L., Terrell, S., Brown, M. A., Tinajero, R., Shakiba, N., Monk, C. E., Shakib, J. H., et al. (2019) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579419000440 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
“…et al., 2015; Christian, 2012; Entringer et al., 2010; Glynn, Dunkel Schetter, Hobel, & Sandman, 2008; Monk, Myers, Sloan, Ellman, & Fifer, 2003; O’Connor, Monk, & Fitelson, 2014; O’Donnell, O’Conner, & Glover, 2009; Posner et al., 2016; reviewed in Van den Bergh, Mulder, Mennes, & Glover, 2005).”
BackgroundSelf-citationLean, R. E., Smyser, C. D., Brady, R. G., Triplett, R. L., Kaplan, S., Kenley, J. K., Shimony, J. S., Smyser, T. A., Miller, J. P., Barch, D. M., et al. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2204135119 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“Prior studies of maternal psychosocial stress have typically examined social disadvantage as a confound in adjusted analyses (14, 15, 17).”
BackgroundProgramming of Stress-Sensitive Neurons and Circuits by Early-Life Experiences
Bolton, J. L., Short, A. K., Simeone, K. A., Daglian, J. M., & Baram, T. Z. (2019) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00030 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“Circuit Development Consistent with behavioral deficits, early-life adversity is associated with alterations in brain connectivity in humans, as apparent from neuroimaging studies (Posner et al., 2016; Fareri et al., 2017; Kopala-Sibley et al., 2018).”
BackgroundPrenatal and postnatal maternal anxiety and amygdala structure and function in young children
Donnici, C., Long, X., Dewey, D., Letourneau, N., Landman, B., Huo, Y., & Lebel, C. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83249-2 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Franke, K., den Bergh, B. R. H. V., de Rooij, S. R., Kroegel, N., Nathanielsz, P. W., Rakers, F., Roseboom, T. J., Witte, O. W., & Schwab, M. G. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.031 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
“, 2018) and increased functional connectivity between the amygdala and the cerebral cortex, in particular the prefrontal cortex (Favaro et al., 2015; Graham et al., 2019; Posner et al., 2016; Qiu et al., 2015a; Sarkar et al., 2014).”
BackgroundGabard-Durnam, L. J., O’Muircheartaigh, J., Dirks, H., Dean, D., Tottenham, N., & Deoni, S. (2018) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2018.06.004 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“served extensive functional connectivity during infancy (Blasi et al., 2011; Goksan et al., 2015; Graham et al., 2013, 2015a; Qiu et al., 2015; Rogers et al., 2017; Scheinost et al., 2016; Posner et al., 2016).”
Duan, C., Hare, M. M., Staring, M., & Deligiannidis, K. M. (2019) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540261.2018.1527759 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“5 weeks old, who were exposed to antenatal maternal depression has additionally been reported (Posner et al., 2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Neighborhood Crime on Neonatal Functional Connectivity
Brady, R. G., Rogers, C. E., Prochaska, T., Kaplan, S., Lean, R. E., Smyser, T. A., Shimony, J. S., Slavich, G. M., Warner, B. B., Barch, D. M., et al. (2022) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.01.020 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Graham, A. M., Doyle, O. J., Tilden, E. L., Sullivan, E. L., Gustafsson, H., Marr, M. C., Allen, M. C., & Seghete, K. L. M. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.10.012 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“…symptoms during pregnancy have been associated with more pronounced negative functional connectivity between the neonatal amygdala and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (30) and stronger amygdala functional connectivity with the insula, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex (31).”
Self-citationLehtola, S. J., Tuulari, J. J., Scheinin, N. M., Karlsson, L., Parkkola, R., Merisaari, H., Lewis, J. D., Fonov, V. S., Louis Collins, D., Evans, A., et al. (2020) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102380 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Understanding Vulnerability and Adaptation in Early Brain Development using Network Neuroscience
Graham, A. M., Marr, M. C., Buß, C., Sullivan, E. L., & Fair, D. A. (2021) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2021.01.008 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“For example, heightened maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy have been associated with more pronounced negative connectivity between the neonatal mygdala and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), a region later important for regulation of emotions [52].”
BackgroundVariations in Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children with Prenatal SSRI Antidepressant Exposure
Rotem‐Kohavi, N., & Oberlander, T. F. (2017) · Birth Defects Research · doi:10.1002/bdr2.1076 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“Using measures of functional MRI (fMRI), differences in the functional connectivity of the amygdala have been reported between control infants and infants of depressed mothers (Qiu et al., 2015; Posner et al., 2016).”
BackgroundHow prenatal exposures shape the infant brain: Insights from infant neuroimaging studies
Dufford, A. J., Spann, M. N., & Scheinost, D. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.017 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Prenatal programming of environmental sensitivity
Hartman, S., Belsky, J., & Pluess, M. (2023) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-023-02461-y · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“Functional brain activity is also affected by prenatal stress, with research chronicling reduced connectivity between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex in preterm infants exposed to prenatal maternal depression [81].”
BackgroundExposure to prenatal maternal distress and infant white matter neurodevelopment
Demers, C. H., Bagonis, M. M., Al‐Ali, K., Garcia, S. E., Styner, M. A., Gilmore, J. H., Hoffman, M. C., Hankin, B. L., & Davis, E. P. (2021) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579421000742 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“One study demonstrated associations between categorically high and low symptoms of prenatal depression exposure and decreased structural connectivity of the amygdala – ventromedial prefrontal cortex circuit in newborns (Posner et al., 2016).”
InfluentialFunctional dissection of prenatal drug effects on baby brain and behavioral development
Salzwedel, A., Chen, G., Chen, Y., Grewen, K., & Gao, W. (2020) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.25158 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“The topic is further complicated by the fact that maternal depression, the treatment target of SSRI, itself is linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes (Lebel et al., 2016; Posner et al., 2016; Qiu et al., 2015; Rifkin-Graboi et al., 2013; Wonch et al., 2016).”
BackgroundA hierarchical model of early brain functional network development
Gao, W. (2025) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2025.04.001 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Rotem‐Kohavi, N., Williams, L. J., Muller, A. M., Abdi, H., Virji‐Babul, N., Björnson, B., Brain, U. M., Werker, J. F., GRUNAU, R. E., Miller, S. P., et al. (2019) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22906 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“Altered functional connectivity of the amygdala was also reported by Posner et al. (2016).”
BackgroundResultBurkhouse, K. L., & Kujawa, A. (2022) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13734 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Kataja, E., Karlsson, L., Leppänen, J. M., Pelto, J., Häikiö, T., Nolvi, S., Pesonen, H., Parsons, C. E., Hyönä, J., & Karlsson, H. (2018) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.13152 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Prenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms, infant white matter, and toddler behavioral problems
Borchers, L. R., Dennis, E. L., King, L. S., Humphreys, K. L., & Gotlib, I. H. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.075 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Global Brain Functional Network Connectivity in Infants With Prenatal Opioid Exposure
Radhakrishnan, R., Vishnubhotla, R. V., Zhao, Y., Yan, J., He, B., Steinhardt, N. P., Haas, D. M., Sokol, G. M., & Sadhasivam, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2022.847037 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Alterations in amygdala functional connections to several regions including the prefrontal cortex are identified in infants born to mothers with prenatal depression compared to control healthy infants (36, 37).”
BackgroundLong-Term Impact of Early-Life Stress on Serotonin Connectivity
Ramkumar, R., Edge-Partington, M., Terstege, D. J., Adigun, K., Ren, Y., Khan, N. S., Rouhi, N., Jamani, N. F., Tsutsui, M., Epp, J. R., et al. (2024) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.01.024 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Rotem‐Kohavi, N., Williams, L. J., Virji‐Babul, N., Björnson, B., Brain, U. M., Werker, J. F., GRUNAU, R. E., Miller, S. P., & Oberlander, T. F. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.08.004 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Intra-session test-retest reliability of functional connectivity in infants
Wang, Y., Hinds, W. A., Duarte, C. S., Lee, S., Monk, C. E., Wall, M. M., CANINO, G. J., Milani, A. C. C., Jackowski, A. P., Mamin, M. G., et al. (2021) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118284 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“INTRODUCTION Providing a window into early brain development with limited influence of the post-natal environment, resting functional MRI (fMRI) studies of the infant brain have become an important tool for advancing developmental neuroscience (Duarte et al., 2020; Posner et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationMaternal Obesity during Pregnancy is Associated with Lower Cortical Thickness in the Neonate Brain
Na, X., Phelan, N. E., Tadros, M. R., Wu, Z., Andres, A., Badger, T. M., Glasier, C. M., Ramakrishnaiah, R. R., Rowell, A. C., Wang, L., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a7316 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“development to maternal obesity are unclear, numerous studies have indicated that the rapid infant frontal brain development is sensitive to early environmental experiences,(38) including exposures to different adverse prenatal environmental factors.(39,40) For the 3 specific frontal lobe regions that showed decreased…”
Cattarinussi, G., Aarabi, M. H., Moghaddam, H. S., Homayoun, M., Ashrafi, M., Hamid Soltanian-zadeh, A., & Sambataro, F. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.046 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Wang, S., Ding, C., Dou, C., Zhu, Z., Zhang, D., Yi, Q., Wu, H., Xie, L., Zhu, Z., Song, D., et al. (2022) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105896 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Ellis, B. J., Abrams, L. S., Masten, A. S., Sternberg, R. J., Tottenham, N., & Frankenhuis, W. E. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009350051 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Prenatal Programming of Neurodevelopment: Structural and Functional Changes
Demers, C. H., Aran, Ö., Glynn, L. M., & Davis, E. P. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-60159-1_9 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Wan Mohd Yunus, W. M. A., Matinolli, H.-M., Waris, O., Upadhyaya, S., Vuori, M., Korpilahti-Leino, T., Ristkari, T., Koffert, T., & Sourander, A. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/33337 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Nolvi, S., Tuulari, J. J., Lavonius, T. I., Scheinin, N. M., Lehtola, S. J., Lavonius, M., Merisaari, H., Saunavaara, J. P., Korja, R., Kataja, E., et al. (2020) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsaa081 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“, 2018), as well as a growing number of studies reporting that early adversity is associated with both accelerated brain maturation and a risk for later developmental problems (Callaghan and Tottenham, 2016; Posner et al., 2016; Thijssen et al., 2017; Spann et al., 2019).”
BackgroundHeart care before birth: A psychobiological perspective on fetal cardiac diagnosis
Kasparian, N. A. (2019) · Progress in Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ppedcard.2019.101142 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
van den Heuvel, M. I., Henrichs, J., Donkers, F. C. L., & den Bergh, B. R. H. V. (2017) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12612 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“, 2015), maternal depression (Posner et al., 2016; Qiu, Anh et al., 2015; Rifkin- Graboi et al., 2013), and early life stress (Grant et al.”
Snyder, A. D., Ma, L., Steinberg, J. L., Woisard, K., & Moeller, F. G. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.636273 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Vulnerability of the Neonatal Connectome following Postnatal Stress
Lammertink, F., Benders, M. J. N. L., Hermans, E. J., Tataranno, M. L., Dudink, J., Vinkers, C. H., & van den Heuvel, M. P. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0176-22.2022 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Spann, M. N., Alleyne, K., Holland, C. M., Davids, A., Pierre-Louis, A., Bang, C., Oyeneye, V., Kiflom, R., Shea, E., Cheng, B., et al. (2023) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-023-01765-3 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationFarah, R., Greenwood, P. B., Dudley, J., Hutton, J., Ammerman, R. T., Phelan, K. J., Holland, S. K., & Horowitz‐Kraus, T. (2020) · Behavioral and Brain Functions · doi:10.1186/s12993-020-00167-5 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
H, A., JJ, T., NM, S., N, H., O, R., TI, L., J, P., V, S., R, P., T, L., et al. (2020) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111153 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“In humans, recent studies have shown that prenatal depression is linked to atypical functional and /or structural amygdalar connectivity in infants (Posner et al., 2016; Qiu et al., 2015) and in young girls, but not boys (Soe et al.”
Prenatal antidepressant exposure and sex differences in neonatal corpus callosum microstructure
Campbell, K. S. J., Williams, L. J., Björnson, B., Weik, E., Brain, U. M., GRUNAU, R. E., Miller, S. P., & Oberlander, T. F. (2021) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.22125 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Doom, J. R., Rozenman, M. S., Fox, K. R., Phu, T., Subar, A. R., Seok, D., & Rivera, K. M. (2021) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579421000559 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“, 2020; Field, Diego, & Hernandez-Reif, 2006), immune system (Meyer, Yee, & Feldon, 2007; O’Donnell, O’Connor, & Glover, 2009), and brain function (Field et al., 2006; Field, Fox, Pickens, & Nawrocki, 1995; Lin et al., 2017; Pine, 2007; Posner et al., 2016; Rifkin-Graboi et al., 2013), which may subsequently increase…”
Tuulari, J. J., Kataja, E., Leppänen, J. M., Lewis, J. D., Nolvi, S., Häikiö, T., Lehtola, S. J., Hashempour, N., Saunavaara, J. P., Scheinin, N. M., et al. (2020) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100839 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Prenatal exposure to maternal psychological distress and telomere length in childhood
Stout, S. A., Glynn, L. M., Bisoffi, M., Demers, C. H., & Davis, E. P. (2022) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.22238 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Kumpulainen, V., Copeland, A., Pulli, E. P., Silver, E. A., Kataja, E., Saukko, E., Merisaari, H., Lewis, J. D., Karlsson, L., Karlsson, H., et al. (2023) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.05.014 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“Previously observed associations between exposure to early stress and WM structure especially in emotion-processing circuits(23,24,27,113) give a plausible explanation for emotional changes but purposeful concentration on limbic tracts with a priori assumptions(6,24,29,31,112,113) may lead missing other possible chang…”
Stroustrup, A., Bragg, J. B., Spear, E. A., Aguiar, A., Zimmerman, E., Isler, J. R., Busgang, S. A., Curtin, P. C. P., Gennings, C., Andra, S. S., et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032758 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Scheinost, D., Chang, J. T., Lacadie, C., Brennan‐Wydra, E., Foster, R., Boxberger, A., Macari, S. L., Vernetti, A., Constable, R. T., Ment, L. R., et al. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-20617-6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Donnici, C., Tomfohr‐Madsen, L. M., Long, X., Manning, K. Y., Giesbrecht, G. F., & Lebel, C. A. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.054 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“Several studies report weaker structural connectivity in infants associated with prenatal depressive symptoms, specifically lower regionregion connection probability between the right amygdala and right prefrontal cortex (15) and lower radial diffusivity (RD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in superior parietal, prefro…”
BackgroundRajasilta, O., Häkkinen, S., Björnsdotter, M., Scheinin, N. M., Lehtola, S. J., Saunavaara, J., Parkkola, R., Lähdesmäki, T., Karlsson, L., Karlsson, H., et al. (2023) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.15882 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Prior studies investigating PSE effects on neonate brain network FC have obtained somewhat diverging results (Posner et al., 2016; Qiu, Anh, et al., 2015; Scheinost et al., 2016; Scheinost et al., 2020; Spann et al., 2018), with only two studies observing FC changes within the neonate mPFC (Qiu, Anh, et al.”
InfluentialJirsaraie, R. J., Palma, A. M., Small, S. L., Sandman, C. A., Davis, E. P., Baram, T. Z., Stern, H. S., Glynn, L. M., & Yassa, M. A. (2023) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.08.002 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Advances in fetal and neonatal neuroimaging and everyday exposures
Lautarescu, A., Bonthrone, A., Bos, B., Barratt, B., & Counsell, S. (2024) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-024-03294-1 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Herzberg, M. P., & Smyser, C. D. (2024) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-024-03345-7 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“79 The authors also reported decreased structural connectivity between right amygdala and ventral PFC in neonates whose mothers experienced prenatal depression (see Fig.”
Neural markers of familial risk for depression – A systematic review
Nazarova, A., Schmidt, M. H., Cookey, J., & Uher, R. (2022) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101161 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Maternal corticosteroids and depression during gestation and decreased fetal heart rate variability
Hunter, S. K., Freedman, R., Law, A. J., Christians, U., Holzman, J. B. W., Johnson, Z., & Hoffman, M. C. (2021) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/wnr.0000000000001711 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Na, X., Glasier, C. M., Andres, A., Bellando, J. B., Chen, H., Gao, W., Livingston, L. W., Badger, T. M., & Ou, X. (2023) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhad176 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Grieve, P. G., Fifer, W. P., Cousy, N. P., Monk, C. E., Stark, R. I., Gingrich, J. A., & Myers, M. M. (2019) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.08.021 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationThe EPDS and Australian Indigenous women: A systematic review of the literature
Kotz, J., Marriott, R., & Reid, C. L. (2020) · Women and Birth · doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2020.02.007 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Herzberg, M. P., Triplett, R. L., McCarthy, R., Kaplan, S., Alexopoulos, D., Meyer, D., Arora, J. K., Miller, J. P., Smyser, T. A., Herzog, E. D., et al. (2023) · Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science · doi:10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.03.002 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Supporting this prior theoretical work, infant amygdala connectivity, microstructure, and volume have been negatively associated with maternal distress during pregnancy (28 – 31).”
BackgroundKim, P., Chen, H., Dufford, A. J., Tribble, R. C., Gilmore, J. H., & Gao, W. (2021) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhab408 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Klumpp, H., Kinney, K. L., Kennedy, A. E., Shankman, S. A., Langenecker, S. A., Kumar, A., & Phan, K. L. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.03.011 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Stress in pregnancy: Clinical and adaptive behavior of offspring following Superstorm Sandy
Nomura, Y., Zhang, W., & Hurd, Y. L. (2021) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579421000304 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
ID-Seg: an infant deep learning-based segmentation framework to improve limbic structure estimates
Wang, Y., Haghpanah, F. S., Zhang, X., Santamaria, K., Alves, G. K. D. C. A., Bruno, E., Aw, N., Maddocks, A., Duarte, C. S., Monk, C. E., et al. (2022) · Brain Informatics · doi:10.1186/s40708-022-00161-9 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Brain imaging studies in the early postnatal period are increasingly used to help achieve this goal [1, 2].”
MethodSelf-citationDonnici, C., Long, X., Reynolds, J. E., Giesbrecht, G. F., Dewey, D., Letourneau, N. L., Huo, Y., Landman, B. A., & Lebel, C. A. (2023) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.26216 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Higher prenatal maternal depressive symptoms in late gestation were related to decreased structural connectivity between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex in both newborns and 3–6-year-old children (Hay et al., 2020; Posner et al., 2016).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialGustafsson, H., Goodman, S. H., Feng, T., Choi, J., Lee, S., Newport, D. J., Knight, B. T., Pingeton, B. C., Stowe, Z. N., & Monk, C. E. (2018) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579418000639 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“, 2004, 2011), greater third trimester FHR reactivity to in utero stimuli (operationalized as women’s physiological reactivity during a laboratory stressor) is inversely associated with newborn resting-state brain connectivity between the amygdala and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Posner et al., 2016), considere…”
BackgroundSelf-citationRotem‐Kohavi, N., Williams, L. J., & Oberlander, T. F. (2020) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.semperi.2020.151223 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Dean, D., Madrid, A., Planalp, E. M., Moody, J. F., Papale, L. A., Knobel, K. M., Wood, E. K., McAdams, R. M., Coe, C. L., Goldsmith, H. H., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-91642-0 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Posner, J., Cha, J., Roy, A. K., Peterson, B. S., Bansal, R., Gustafsson, H. C., Raffanello, E., Gingrich, J., & Monk, C.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Fordham University (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Posner, J
- Venue
- Translational Psychiatry
- Published
- 2016-11-01
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- e935-e935
- ISSN
- 2158-3188 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5314110
- OpenAlex
- W2548767814
- Cited by
- 184
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 13.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Translational Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (cc-by)
- Funders
- Shire
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH090966, K01MH109836, P50MH090966)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- antenatal depression, amygdala-prefrontal connectivity, infant brain development, functional connectivity, structural connectivity, fetal heart rate reactivity, fetal behavior, dynamic causal modeling, ventral prefrontal cortex, dorsal prefrontal cortex, neurodevelopmental risk
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Amygdala, Arousal, Depressive Disorder, Dominance, Cerebral, Female, Heart Rate, Fetal, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Prefrontal Cortex, Risk Assessment, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Young Adult
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