The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Retrovirus variation and reverse transcription: abnormal strand transfers result in retrovirus genetic variation
Open accessAbstract
Human immunodeficiency virus variation is extensive and is based on numerous mistakes in reverse transcription. All retrovirus replication requires two strand transfers (growing point jumps) to synthesize the complete provirus. I propose that the numerous mistakes in reverse transcription are the result of this requirement for the two strand transfers needed to form the provirus.
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“Irrespective of the nature of the first strand transfer to be intramolecular, intermolecular, or random, they all are likely to contribute toward genetic variation among retroviruses during DNA synthesis, owing to the numerous errors occurring during reverse transcription (Temin 1993).”
From Beyond reverse transcription: molecular mechanisms and emerging paradigms in retroviral replication (2026) · cites this paper as Temin 1993
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Cites
Frameshift Mutations and the Genetic Code
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The accuracy of reverse transcriptase from HIV-1
Roberts, J. D., Bebenek, K., & Kunkel, T. A. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2460925 · Cited by 997
Die Molekularbiologie der Tumorviren
Sauer, G. (1977) · Die Naturwissenschaften · doi:10.1007/bf00483548 · Cited by 943
Fidelity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
Preston, B. D., Poiesz, B. J., & Loeb, L. A. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2460924 · Cited by 931
Structure, Replication, and Recombination of Retrovirus Genomes: Some Unifying Hypotheses
Coffin, J. M. (1979) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/0022-1317-42-1-1 · Cited by 519
Hu, W. S., & Temin, H. M. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.4.1556 · Cited by 476
Self-citationAlbert, J., Abrahamsson, B., Nagy, K., Aurelius, E., Gaines, H., Nyström, G., & Fenyõ, É. M. (1990) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/00002030-199002000-00002 · Cited by 398
Mechanism of DNA Strand Transfer Reactions Catalyzed by HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase
Peliska, J. A., & Benkovic, S. J. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1279806 · Cited by 335
Bębenek, K., Abbotts, J., Roberts, J. D., Wilson, S. H., & Kunkel, T. A. (1989) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)84799-3 · Cited by 311
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Grant, H. E., Olabode, A. S., Vellame, D. S., Poon, A. F. Y., Brown, A. J. L., & Robertson, D. L. (2026) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1014286
Immunophenotype and proviral landscape of HTLV-1c infection and pulmonary disease
Hirons, A., Jansz, N., Khoury, G., Ellenberg, P. C., Collins, S., Cooney, J. P., Zaunders, J., Williams, L., Nair, K. N., Yap, A. H. Y., et al. (2026) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106403
Assessing the Immunogenicity of GTU-Based HIV-1 Multigene DNA Vaccines in Murine Models
Malm, M. (2011) · Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University)
HIV-1 and the Nucleolus: A Role for Nucleophosmin/NPM1 in Viral Replication: A Dissertation
Schmidt, T. E. (2013) · The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) · doi:10.13028/m2mk6v
Dobson-Belaire, W. N. (2011) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Metadata
- Authors
- Temin, H. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Temin, H M
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1993-08
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 6900-6903
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC47042
- OpenAlex
- W2087946368
- Cited by
- 309
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 6.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p30ca007175-36)
- U.S. Public Health Service (CA-07175)
- National Cancer Institute (CA-22443, CA-07175, P01CA022443)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Keywords
- strand transfer, human immunodeficiency virus, growing points, retroviral replication
- MeSH terms
- Mutation, Recombination, Genetic, Retroviridae, RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, RNA, Viral, Templates, Genetic, Genetic Variation, Virus Replication, Sequence Deletion
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