A split-luciferase complementation, real-time reporting assay enables monitoring of the disease-associated transmembrane protein TREM2 in live cells
Open accessAbstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a single transmembrane molecule uniquely expressed in microglia. TREM2 mutations are genetically linked to Nasu-Hakola disease and associated with multiple neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. TREM2 may regulate microglial inflammation and phagocytosis through coupling to the adaptor protein TYRO protein-tyrosine kinase-binding protein (TYROBP). However, there is no functional system for monitoring this protein-protein interaction. We developed a luciferase-based modality for real-time monitoring of TREM2-TYROBP coupling in live cells that utilizes split-luciferase complementation technology based on TREM2 and TYROBP fusion to the C- or N-terminal portion of the Renilla luciferase gene. Transient transfection of human embryonic kidney 293 cells with this reporter vector increased luciferase activity upon stimulation with an anti-TREM2 antibody, which induces their homodimerization. This was confirmed by ELISA-based analysis of the TREM2-TYROBP interaction. Antibody-mediated TREM2 stimulation enhanced spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) activity and uptake of Staphylococcus aureus in microglial cell line BV-2 in a kinase-dependent manner. Interestingly, the TREM2 T66M mutation significantly enhanced luciferase activity without stimulation, indicating constitutive coupling to TYROBP. Finally, flow cytometry analyses indicated significantly lower surface expression of T66M TREM2 variant than wild type or…
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The TREM2 activating antibody AF1828 induces downstream signalling including SYK activation and release of calcium from intracellular stores.
“In order to stimulate TREM2 we used a TREM2 activating antibody (R&D systems, AF1828) that induces downstream signalling including SYK activation and release of calcium from intracellular stores23,31.”
From PLCγ2 regulates TREM2 signalling and integrin-mediated adhesion and migration of human iPSC-derived macrophages (2021) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Varnum, M. M., Clayton, K. A., Yoshii-Kitahara, A., Yonemoto, G., Koro, L., Ikezu, S., & Ikezu, T.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ikezu, Tsuneya
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 292
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 10651-10663
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5481570
- OpenAlex
- W2613792229
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 1.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5T32GM008541, RF1AG054199-01)
- Alzheimer's Association (DVT-14-320835)
- BrightFocus Foundation (A2016551S)
- Massachusetts Neuroscience Consortium (N/A)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Keywords
- TREM2, TYROBP, split luciferase complementation, microglia, phagocytosis, live-cell imaging, Nasu-Hakola disease, Alzheimer's disease, microglial inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Syk Kinase, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Cell Line, Flow Cytometry, Genetic Complementation Test, Humans, Lipodystrophy, Membrane Glycoproteins, Membrane Proteins, Osteochondrodysplasias, Receptors, Immunologic, Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis, Microglia, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Luciferases, Renilla, Mice
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