DAP12 stabilizes the C-terminal fragment of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) and protects against LPS-induced pro-inflammatory response
Open accessAbstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a DAP12-associated receptor expressed in microglia, macrophages, and other myeloid-derived cells. Previous studies have suggested that TREM2/DAP12 signaling pathway reduces inflammatory responses and promotes phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons. Recently, TREM2 has been identified as a risk gene for Alzheimer disease (AD). Here, we show that DAP12 stabilizes the C-terminal fragment of TREM2 (TREM2-CTF), a substrate for γ-secretase. Co-expression of DAP12 with TREM2 selectively increased the level of TREM2-CTF with little effects on that of full-length TREM2. The interaction between DAP12 and TREM2 is essential for TREM2-CTF stabilization as a mutant form of DAP12 with disrupted interaction with TREM2 failed to exhibit such an effect. Silencing of either Trem2 or Dap12 gene significantly exacerbated pro-inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Importantly, overexpression of either full-length TREM2 or TREM2-CTF reduced LPS-induced inflammatory responses. Taken together, our results support a role of DAP12 in stabilizing TREM2-CTF, thereby protecting against excessive pro-inflammatory responses. Background: TREM2 is a DAP12-coupled receptor associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Results: Co-expression of DAP12 increased the level of TREM2 C-terminal fragment (TREM2-CTF) which suppressed the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: A major function of DAP12 is to stabilize TREM2-CTF, which regulates inflammatory responses in microglia. Significance: Our studies unraveled a novel function of DAP12 and provided new link between TREM2/DAP12 complexes and neuroinflammation.
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TREM2 suppresses LPS-induced pro-inflammatory markers up-regulated in primary alveolar macrophages in vitro and in the BV-2 microglial cell line.
“TREM2 was also found to suppress LPS-induced pro-inflammatory markers up-regulated in primary alveolar macrophages in vitro (28), and the BV-2 microglial cell line (29).”
From <i>Trem2</i> promotes anti-inflammatory responses in microglia and is suppressed under pro-inflammatory conditions (2020) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Zhong, L., Chen, X.-F., Zhang, Z.-L., Wang, Z., Shi, X.-Z., Xu, K., Zhang, Y.-W., Xu, H., & Bu, G.
- Affiliations
- Xiamen University (CN)
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Xiao-Fen
- Bu, Guojun
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-06
- Volume
- 290
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 15866-15877
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4505493
- OpenAlex
- W1519122400
- Cited by
- 133
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 6.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01AG027924, R01AG035355, R01AG046205, 81370459, 31400914)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Keywords
- TREM2, DAP12, protein stabilization, gamma-secretase, lipopolysaccharide, pro-inflammatory response, microglia, neuroinflammation, Alzheimer's disease, inflammatory cytokines, myeloid cells
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, Membrane Glycoproteins, Membrane Proteins, Mutation, Receptors, Immunologic, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Mice, Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases, Protein Stability, HEK293 Cells
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