Cited by 482Cell death mechanisms and regulationNF-κB Signaling PathwaysInflammasome and immune disorders

The Long Form of FLIP Is an Activator of Caspase-8 at the Fas Death-inducing Signaling Complex

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Micheau, Olivier, Thome, Margot, Schneider, Pascal, Holler, Nils, Tschopp, Jürg, Nicholson, Donald W., Briand, Christophe, Grütter, Markus G.·2002·Journal of Biological Chemistry

Abstract

Death receptors, such as Fas and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptors, recruit Fas-associated death domain and pro-caspase-8 homodimers, which are then autoproteolytically activated. Active caspase-8 is released into the cytoplasm, where it cleaves various proteins including pro-caspase-3, resulting in apoptosis. The cellular Fas-associated death domain-like interleukin-1-beta-converting enzyme-inhibitory protein long form (FLIP(L)), a structural homologue of caspase-8 lacking caspase activity because of several mutations in the active site, is a potent inhibitor of death receptor-induced apoptosis. FLIP(L) is proposed to block caspase-8 activity by forming a proteolytically inactive heterodimer with caspase-8. In contrast, we propose that FLIP(L)-bound caspase-8 is an active protease. Upon heterocomplex formation, a limited caspase-8 autoprocessing occurs resulting in the generation of the p43/41 and the p12 subunits. This partially processed form but also the non-cleaved FLIP(L)-caspase-8 heterocomplex are proteolytically active because they both bind synthetic substrates efficiently. Moreover, FLIP(L) expression favors receptor-interacting kinase (RIP) processing within the Fas-signaling complex. We propose that FLIP(L) inhibits caspase-8 release-dependent pro-apoptotic signals, whereas the single, membrane-restricted active site of the FLIP(L)-caspase-8 heterocomplex is proteolytically active and acts on local substrates such as RIP.

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Authors
Micheau, O., Thome, M., Schneider, P., Holler, N., Tschopp, J., Nicholson, D. W., Briand, C., & Grütter, M. G.
Affiliations
  • University of Lausanne (CH)
  • Merck Canada Inc. (Canada) (CA)
  • University of Zurich (CH)
Corresponding author
Tschopp, Jürg
Venue
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-11
Volume
277
Issue
47
Pages
45162-45171
ISSN
0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2027021865
Cited by
482
References
68
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 21
FWCI
11.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS (submittedVersion)
  • SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
Keywords
FLIP(L), caspase-8, death receptor signaling, apoptosis, receptor-interacting protein, FADD, caspase-8 inhibition, proteolytic activity
MeSH terms
Amino Acid Sequence, Binding Sites, Carrier Proteins, Cell Line, Enzyme Activation, Enzyme Inhibitors, Humans, Ligands, Membrane Glycoproteins, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Signal Transduction, Sequence Alignment, Apoptosis, Protein Structure, Tertiary, fas Receptor, Dimerization, Caspases, Macromolecular Substances, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Cell Size, Caspase 3, Caspase 8, Fas Ligand Protein, CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein, Caspase 9, Caspase Inhibitors

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