Cited by 204Birth, Development, and HealthPregnancy and preeclampsia studiesPrenatal Substance Exposure Effects

Fetal Programming of Cardiovascular Function through Exposure to Maternal Undernutrition

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Langley-Evans, Simon C.·2001·Proceedings of the Nutrition Society

Abstract

A substantial and robust body of epidemiological evidence indicates that prenatal dietary experience may be a factor determining cardiovascular disease risk. Retrospective cohort studies indicate that low birth weight and disproportion at birth are powerful predictors of later disease risk. This prenatal influence on non-communicable disease in later life has been termed programming. Maternal nutritional status has been proposed to be the major programming influence on the developing fetus. The evidence from epidemiological studies of nutrition, fetal development and birth outcome is, however, often weak and inconclusive. The validity of the nutritional programming concept is highly dependent on experimental studies in animals. The feeding of low-protein diets in rat pregnancy results in perturbations in fetal growth and dimensions at birth. The offspring of rats fed low-protein diets exhibit a number of metabolic and physiological disturbances, and are consistently found to have high blood pressure from early postnatal life. This experimental model has been used to explore potential mechanisms of programming through which maternal diet may programme the cardiovascular function of the fetus. Indications from this work are that fetal exposure to maternally-derived glucocorticoids plays a key role in the programming mechanism. Secondary to this activity, the fetal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis may stimulate renin–angiotensin system activity, resulting in increased vascular resistance and hypertension.

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Crossref · 10.1079/pns2001111

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  • Individuals whose gestation coincided with the Dutch Famine exhibited increased susceptibility to obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood.

    “Individuals whose gestation coincided with the famine exhibited increased susceptibility to obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood, strongly implicating fetal adaptive responses to nutrient scarcity in shaping lifelong disease risk [10,11].”

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Authors
Langley-Evans, S. C.
Venue
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
Published
2001-11
Volume
60
Issue
4
Pages
505-513
ISSN
  • 0029-6651 (ISSN-L)
  • 1475-2719
OpenAlex
W2135897417
Cited by
203
References
94
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
FWCI
2.22
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of The Nutrition Society (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
Keywords
fetal programming, maternal undernutrition, cardiovascular risk, low birth weight, fetal growth restriction, prenatal nutrition, low-protein diet, hypertension, glucocorticoids, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, renin-angiotensin system, vascular resistance
MeSH terms
Animals, Birth Weight, Cardiovascular Diseases, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Hypertension, Kidney, Nutrition Disorders, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Renin-Angiotensin System, Risk Factors, Rats

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