Exposure to undernutrition in fetal life determines fat distribution, locomotor activity and food intake in ageing rats

Bellinger, L; Sculley, D V; Langley-Evans, S C

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803205

Cited by 183Birth, Development, and HealthRegulation of Appetite and ObesityHypothalamic control of reproductive hormones

Exposure to undernutrition in fetal life determines fat distribution, locomotor activity and food intake in ageing rats

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Bellinger, L, Sculley, D V, Langley-Evans, S C·2006·International Journal of Obesity

DOI 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803205PMC PMC1865484

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Abstract

Objective To assess the long-term impact of undernutrition during specific periods of fetal life, upon central adiposity, control of feeding behaviour and locomotor activity. Design Pregnant rats were fed a control or low-protein (LP) diet, targeted to early (LPE), mid (LPM) or late (LPL) pregnancy or throughout gestation (LPA). The offspring were studied at 9 and 18 months of age. Measurements Adiposity was assessed by measuring weight of abdominal fat depots relative to body weight. Locomotor activity was assessed using an infrared sensor array system in both light and dark conditions. Hypothalamic expression of mRNA for galanin and the galanin 2 receptor (Gal2R) was determined using real-time PCR. Results At 9 months, male rats exposed to LP in utero had less fat in the gonadal depot, but were of similar body weight to controls. By 18 months, the males of groups LPA and LPM had more abdominal and less subcutaneous fat. Females deposited more fat centrally than males between 9 and 18 months of age, and this was more marked in groups LPA and LPL. Food intake was greater in LPM males. Among females hypophagia was noted in groups LPA and LPL. Expression of galanin and Gal2R were unaffected by maternal diet. Total locomotor activity was reduced in LPE males and all LP females in the light but not in the dark. Conclusion Locomotor activity and feeding behaviour in aged rats are subject to prenatal programming influences. Fetal undernutrition does not programme obesity in rats without postnatal dietary challenge.

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There is some evidence to suggest that adipose tissue biology and obesity in female and male offspring may be differentially programmed by exposure to a maternal low protein diet during development.
“There is some evidence to suggest that adipose tissue biology and obesity in female and male offspring may be differentially programmed by exposure to a maternal low protein diet during development [73, 81, 84] however, further work is required.”
From Developmental programming of offspring adipose tissue biology and obesity risk (2021) · cites this paper as [84]
The Results and Discussion (page unavailable) report different fat-deposition patterns in male and female rats exposed to maternal low-protein diets, supporting a cautious claim about sex-dependent fat distribution. But the Discussion explicitly says the study found no evidence that those diets programmed obesity, so the obesity portion is not supported by this paper. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Prenatal exposure to undernutrition and programming of responses to high-fat feeding in the rat
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RESEARCH ARTICLE Body composition and behaviour in adult rats are influenced by maternal diet, maternal age and high-fat feeding
Ware, S., Voigt, J., & Langley-evans, S. C. (2014)
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Prenatal exposure to a maternal low-protein diet programmes a preference for high-fat foods in the young adult rat
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Body composition and behaviour in adult rats are influenced by maternal diet, maternal age and high-fat feeding
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Authors: Bellinger, L., Sculley, D. V., & Langley-Evans, S. C.
Affiliations: University of Nottingham (GB)
ORCID: Sculley, D V
Venue: International Journal of Obesity
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2006-01-10
Volume: 30
Issue: 5
Pages: 729-738
ISSN: 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
1476-5497
DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803205
PMC: PMC1865484
OpenAlex: W2050498079
Cited by: 183
References: 49
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 12.75
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: British Heart Foundation (PG/03/034/15234)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Keywords: fetal malnutrition, prenatal programming, low-protein diet, maternal diet, abdominal obesity, abdominal fat, subcutaneous adipose tissue, locomotor activity, feeding behaviour, dietary intake, hypophagia, galanin, hypothalamus, aging, sex differences, obesity
MeSH terms: Aging, Animals, Eating, Feeding Behavior, Female, Gestational Age, Male, Motor Activity, Obesity, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Sex Factors, Rats, Wistar, Diet, Protein-Restricted, Fetal Development, Fetal Nutrition Disorders, Body Fat Distribution, Rats

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Exposure to undernutrition in fetal life determines fat distribution, locomotor activity and food intake in ageing rats

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