Cited by 1,144Child Abuse and TraumaMilitary, Security, and Education StudiesSexual Assault and Victimization Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 62 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A Meta-Analysis of the Published Research on the Effects of Child Sexual Abuse

Paolucci, Elizabeth ODDONE, Genuis, Mark L., Violato, Claudio·2001·The Journal of Psychology

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

A meta-analysis of the published research on the effects of child sexual abuse (CSA) was undertaken for 6 outcomes: posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, suicide, sexual promiscuity, victim-perpetrator cycle, and poor academic performance. Thirty-seven studies published between 1981 and 1995 involving 25,367 people were included. Many of the studies were published in 1994 (24; 65%), and most were done in the United States (22; 59%). All six dependent variables were coded, and effect sizes (d) were computed for each outcome. Average unweighted and weighted ds for each of the respective outcome variables were .50 and .40 for PTSD, .63 and .44 for depression, .64 and .44 for suicide, .59 and .29 for sexual promiscuity, .41 and .16 for victim-perpetrator cycle, and .24 and .19 for academic performance. A file drawer analysis indicated that 277 studies with null ds would be required to negate the present findings. The analyses provide clear evidence confirming the link between CSA and subsequent negative short- and long-term effects on development. There were no statistically significant differences on ds when various potentially mediating variables such as gender, socioeconomic status, type of abuse, age when abused, relationship to perpetrator, and number of abuse incidents were assessed. The results of the present meta-analysis support the multifaceted model of traumatization rather than a specific sexual abuse syndrome of CSA.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/00223980109603677

Cites

62 of 62 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Methods of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings
Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (2015) · doi:10.4135/9781483398105 · Cited by 5,542
Meta-Analytic Procedures for Social Research
Rosenthal, R. (1991) · doi:10.4135/9781412984997 · Cited by 4,635
Meta-Analytic Procedures for Social Research.
Metcalfe, A., & Rosenthal, R. (1994) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series D (The Statistician) · doi:10.2307/2348600 · Cited by 4,249
Meta-analysis in social research
(1982) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(82)90011-8 · Cited by 3,896
Impact of child sexual abuse: A review of the research.
Browne, A., & Finkelhor, D. (1986) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.99.1.66 · Cited by 2,718
Impact of sexual abuse on children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies
Kendall-Tackett, K. A., Williams, L. M., & Finkelhor, D. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.113.1.164 · Cited by 2,537
Methods of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings.
Raudenbush, S. W., Hunter, J. E., & Schmidt, F. L. (1991) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2289738 · Cited by 2,368
The traumatic impact of child sexual abuse: A conceptualization.
Finkelhor, D., & Browne, A. (1985) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1985.tb02703.x · Cited by 1,891
Parametric measures of effect size.
Rosenthal, R. (1994) · Cited by 1,856

Show all 63 references

Research works printed but not linked: 10

10.1037/0022-006X.63.2.308 · DOI
*Bagley C., 1992, Current mental health, sexual interest in children and minors, and history of sexual and emotional abuse in 200 young adult males.
*Bagley C., 1984, Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 15
*Bagley C., 1991, Journal of Child and Youth Care: Special Issue, 43
*Bagley C., 1987, Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 6, 5
10.1037/0021-843X.104.4.585 · DOI
*Seng M. J., 1989, Adolescence, 665
Shadish W. R., 1994, The handbook of research synthesis, 261
Violato C., 1994, Canadian Children, 20, 34
10.1037/0021-843X.104.4.610 · DOI

Sorted by citations

Items 301–400 of 1,000

Child Sexual Abuse Victimization Prevention Programs in Preschool and Kindergarten: Implications for Practice
Manheim, M., Felicetti, R., & Moloney, G. (2019) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2019.1627687 · Cited by 38
Social Relationships in Sexually Abused Children: Self-Reports and Teachers’ Evaluation
Blanchard-Dallaire, C., & Hébert, M. (2014) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2014.888123 · Cited by 48
Predictors of Condom-Related Attitudes among At-Risk Women
Sterk, C. E., Klein, H., & Elifson, K. W. (2004) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2004.13.676 · Cited by 38
Child Sexual Abuse Victims' Perception of Paternal Support as a Significant Predictor of Coping Style and Global Self-Worth
Guelzow, J. W., Cornett, P. F., & Dougherty, T. M. (2003) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1300/j070v11n04_04 · Cited by 38
“That is, a substantial body of research (Kendal-Tacket et al., 1993; Paolucci et al., 2001) has reported that victims of CSA tend to have poor parental support, maladaptive coping strategies, and severe psychological symptoms.”
Background
Young people, child pornography, and subcultural norms on the Internet
Prichard, J., Spiranovic, C. A., Watters, P., & Lueg, C. (2013) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.22816 · Cited by 37
Compassion-Focused Therapy as an Intervention for Adult Survivors of Sexual Abuse
McLean, L., Steindl, S. R., & Bambling, M. (2017) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2017.1390718 · Cited by 40
Shaming experiences and the association between adolescent depression and psychosocial risk factors
Åslund, C., Nilsson, K. W., Starrin, B., & Sjöberg, R. L. (2007) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-006-0564-1 · Cited by 44
“Among these are experiences of sexual abuse [7, 14], parental separation [31], parental unemployment [22], being physically ill [10] or being obese [11].”
Background
The effects of early sexual abuse on adult risky sexual behaviors among persons with severe mental illness
Dorn, R. A. V., Mustillo, S., Elbogen, E. B., Dorsey, S., Swanson, J. W., & Swartz, M. S. (2005) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2005.06.004 · Cited by 37
“This proposed link has strong empirical support in non-clinical samples (Cunningham, Stiffman, Dore, & Earls, 1994; Kendall-Tackett, 2002; Paolucci et al., 2001); however, information regarding this phenomenon for persons with SMI is lacking (Goodman & Fallot, 1998; Goodman, Rosenberg, Mueser, &…”
Result
A Cross‐Lagged Panel Study of Dissociation and Posttraumatic Stress in a Treatment‐Seeking Sample of Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse
Murphy, S., Elklit, A., Murphy, J., Hyland, P., & Shevlin, M. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22439 · Cited by 36
“, age, gender, perpetrator-relationship, type of abuse and frequency of abuse) were not significant (Paolucci et al., 2001).”
BackgroundResult
Desire to Dissociate: Implications for Problematic Drinking in College Students with Childhood or Adolescent Sexual Abuse Exposure
Klanecky, A. K., McChargue, D. E., & Bruggeman, L. (2012) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00228.x · Cited by 36
Factors Influencing the Relationship Between Sexual Trauma and Risky Sexual Behavior in College Students
Johnson, N. L., & Johnson, D. M. (2013) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260512475318 · Cited by 36
Facets of anger, childhood sexual victimization, and gender as predictors of suicide attempts by psychiatric patients after hospital discharge.
Sadeh, N., & McNiel, D. E. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0032769 · Cited by 36
Preventing Harmful Sexual Behaviour and Child Sexual Exploitation for children & young people living in residential care: A scoping review in the Australian context
McKibbin, G. (2017) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.10.008 · Cited by 37
The mediating role of the metacognition, time perspectives and experiential avoidance on the relationship between childhood trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms
Ramaghani, N. A. H., rezaei, F., Sepahvandi, M. A., Gholamrezaei, S., & Mirderikvand, F. (2019) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2019.1648173 · Cited by 40
A systematic review of short and medium-term mental health outcomes in young people following sexual assault
MacGregor, K. E., Villalta, L., Clarke, V., Viner, R., Kramer, T., & Khadr, S. N. (2019) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.2989/17280583.2019.1665533 · Cited by 36
Sexual abuse of boys: Short- and long-term associations and implications for HIV prevention.
Purcell, D. W., Malow, R. M., Dolezal, C. L., & Carballo‐Diéguez, A. (2004) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10785-005 · Cited by 36
Association Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adverse Psychological Outcomes Among Youth in Taipei
Li, N., Ahmed, S., & Zabin, L. S. (2012) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.12.003 · Cited by 35
Sexual and dating violence among adolescents and young adults in Chile: a review of findings from a survey of university students
Lehrer, J. A., Lehrer, E. L., & Koss, M. P. (2012) · Culture Health & Sexuality · doi:10.1080/13691058.2012.737934 · Cited by 35
Childhood Sexual Abuse and Antisocial Traits and Behaviors: A Gendered Examination of the Factors Associated With Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence
Cubellis, M. A., Peterson, B. E., Henninger, A. M., & Lee, D. (2016) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260516633692 · Cited by 35
A Developmental Perspective on the Relationship between Child Sexual Abuse and Depression: A Systematic and Meta‐Analytic Review
Li, D., Chu, C. M., & Lai, V. (2020) · Child Abuse Review · doi:10.1002/car.2592 · Cited by 35
The complex trauma of psychological violence: cross-sectional findings from a Cohort of four Danish Women Shelters
Dokkedahl, S., Kristensen, T. R., Murphy, S., & Elklit, A. (2021) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2020.1863580 · Cited by 35
Child sexual abuse
Glaser, D. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118381953.ch30 · Cited by 35
Heterogeneity of Individuals with a History of Child Sexual Abuse: An Examination of Children Presenting to Treatment
Yancey, C. T., Hansen, D. J., & Naufel, K. Z. (2011) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2011.554341 · Cited by 34
“Together, these researchers have suggested that the impact of CSA is complicated due to multifaceted outcomes (Kendall-Tackett et al., 1993; Paolucci et al., 2001).”
Background
Prevalence and impact of childhood abuse in people with a psychotic illness. Data from the second Australian national survey of psychosis
Shah, S., Mackinnon, A. J., Galletly, C. A., Carr, V. J., McGrath, J. J., Stain, H. J., Castle, D. J., Harvey, C. A., Sweeney, S., & Morgan, V. A. (2014) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.07.011 · Cited by 34
“, 2009); poorer academic performance (Paolucci et al., 2001; Arias, 2004); longer and more frequent hospitalisations (Read et al.”
Background
Childhood sexual abuse and depression in Latino men who have sex with men: Does resilience protect against nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy?
Sauceda, J. A., Wiebe, J. S., & Simoni, J. M. (2014) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105314546341 · Cited by 35
“…studies have documented an increased risk of physical and mental health problems subsequent to CSA (Hillberg et al., 2011; Widom et al., 2012), but how CSA affects treatment outcomes and HIV disease management is yet to be determined (Maniglio, 2010; O’Cleirigh et al., 2012; Paolucci et al., 2001).”
Background
Post-Traumatic Growth, Dissociation, and Sexual Revictimization in Female Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivors
Lahav, Y., Ginzburg, K., & Spiegel, D. (2019) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559519856102 · Cited by 37
Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adult Sexual Risk Behavior: A Review and Critique
Ménard, A. D., & MacIntosh, H. B. (2021) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2020.1869878 · Cited by 34
Child sexual abuse, harmful alcohol use and age as determinants of sexual risk behaviours among freshmen in a Nigerian university.
Olley, B. O. (2008) · African Journal of Reproductive Health · Cited by 34
The Etiology of Gender Differences in Depression.
Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (2006) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/11434-001 · Cited by 35
Social anxiety and negative early life events in university students
Binelli, C., Ortiz, A. E., Muñiz, A., Gelabert, E., Ferraz, L., Filho, A. S., Crippa, J. A. S., Nardi, A. E., Subirà, S., & Martín‐Santos, R. (2012) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/s1516-44462012000500006 · Cited by 34
An Investigation of Depression, Trauma History, and Symptom Severity in Individuals Enrolled in a Treatment Trial for Chronic PTSD
Bedard‐Gilligan, M. A., Duax, J. M., Doane, L. S., Jaeger, J. A., Eftekhari, A., Feeny, N. C., & Zoellner, L. A. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22163 · Cited by 37
Building Resilience to Trauma: Creating a Safe and Supportive Early Childhood Classroom
Berson, I. R., & Baggerly, J. N. (2009) · Childhood Education · doi:10.1080/00094056.2009.10521404 · Cited by 36
Child Maltreatment and Migration
Schick, M., Schönbucher, V. B., Landolt, M. A., Schnyder, U., Xu, W., Maier, T., & Mohler‐Kuo, M. (2015) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559515617019 · Cited by 34
“In addition, profiles of CM including prevalence and risk factors were found to depend on a variety of characteristics, such as differences in age and gender of child and perpetrator; nature of the relationship between child and perpetrator; type of pressure and force used; and type, number, frequency, and duration of…”
Background
The Impact of Aggravating and Mitigating Factors on the Sentence Severity of Sex Offenders
Amirault, J., & Beauregard, É. (2012) · Criminal Justice Policy Review · doi:10.1177/0887403412462234 · Cited by 33
A Multimodal Examination of Sexual Interest in Children
Babchishin, K. M., Nunes, K. L., & Kessous, N. (2013) · Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1177/1079063213492343 · Cited by 33
Patterns of Poly-Victimization in a Sample of At-Risk Youth
Kretschmar, J. M., Tossone, K., Butcher, F., & Flannery, D. (2016) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1007/s40653-016-0109-9 · Cited by 1
Sexual Abuse Prevention Concept Knowledge: Low Income Children Are Learning but Still Lagging
Holloway, J. L., & Pulido, M. L. (2018) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2018.1496506 · Cited by 33
“…with numerous negative psychological, behavioral, and emotional effects, including post-traumatic stress disorder, sexual revictimi-zation in adulthood, and substance abuse (Paolucci, Genuis, & Violato, 2001; Chiu et al., 2013; Heffernan et al., 2000; Bensley, Van Eenwyk, & Simmons, 2000).”
Background
Therapists’ behaviors and youths’ therapeutic alliance during trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy.
Ovenstad, K. S., Ormhaug, S. M., Shirk, S. R., & Jensen, T. K. (2020) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000465 · Cited by 40
Sexual consent and sexual agency of women in healthy relationships following a history of sexual trauma
Mark, K. P., & Vowels, L. M. (2020) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2020.1769157 · Cited by 33
“…as poorer mental health (Christopher & Kisler, 2012; Frazier et al., 2009; Jordan et al., 2010; Mengo & Black, 2016), lower academic performance (Paolucci et al., 2001), unhealthy sexual behaviour (Paolucci et al., 2001), marital difficulties (Godbout et al., 2009), and issues with parenthood…”
BackgroundInfluential
Childhood trauma and the risk of violence in adulthood in a population with a psychotic illness
Bosqui, T. J., Shannon, C., Tiernan, B., Beattie, N., Ferguson, J., & Mulholland, C. C. (2014) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.03.011 · Cited by 33
“, 2012) self-harm and the perpetration of sexual offences (Paolucci et al., 2001) in adult life.”
Background
Child Sexual Abuse and Problems Reported by Survivors of CSA: A Meta-Review
Nagtegaal, M. H., & Boonmann, C. (2021) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2021.1985673 · Cited by 33
Serious games for learning: games-based child sexual abuse prevention in schools
Scholes, L., Jones, C. M., Stieler‐Hunt, C., & Rolfe, B. (2014) · International Journal of Inclusive Education · doi:10.1080/13603116.2013.860195 · Cited by 32
“For students who become victims of abuse the consequences can be significantly harmful with a range of psychological difficulties found to be more prevalent (Paolucci, Genuis, and Violato 2001; Putnam 2003; Tyler 2002).”
Background
Positive affect, childhood adversity, and psychopathology in psychiatric inpatients
Etter, D. W., Gauthier, J. R., McDade‐Montez, E., Cloître, M., & Carlson, E. B. (2013) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.3402/ejpt.v4i0.20771 · Cited by 34
Identifying and addressing barriers to treatment for child sexual abuse survivors and their non-offending caregivers
Theimer, K., Mii, A. E., Sonnen, E., McCoy, K., Meidlinger, K., Biles, B., Huit, T. Z., Flood, M. F., & Hansen, D. J. (2020) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2020.101418 · Cited by 38
Men's Experiences of Violence in Intimate Relationships
Lien, M. I., & Lorentzen, J. E. (2019) · Palgrave studies in victims and victimology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-03994-3 · Cited by 32
Shibari: Double Hanging During Consensual Sexual Asphyxia
Roma, P., Pazzelli, F., Pompili, M., Girardi, P., & Ferracuti, S. (2012) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-012-0035-3 · Cited by 31
Low plasma eicosapentaenoic acid levels are associated with elevated trait aggression and impulsivity in major depressive disorder with a history of comorbid substance use disorder
Beier, A. M., Lauritzen, L., Galfalvy, H., Cooper, T. B., Oquendo, M. A., Grunebaum, M. F., Mann, J. J., & Sublette, M. E. (2014) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.06.012 · Cited by 31
La transmission de la violence sexuelle: description du phénomène et pistes de compréhension
Collin‐Vézina, D., & Cyr, M. (2003) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/s0145-2134(03)00038-3 · Cited by 31
Exploratory analysis of mediators of the relationship between childhood maltreatment and suicidal behavior
Ammerman, B. A., Serang, S., Jacobucci, R., Burke, T. A., Alloy, L. B., & McCloskey, M. S. (2018) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.09.004 · Cited by 33
Exploring the Relations Among the Nature of the Abuse, Perceived Parental Support, and Child's Self-Concept and Trauma Symptoms Among Sexually Abused Children
Reyes, C. J. (2008) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538710701884482 · Cited by 32
The Relationship Between Mothers?? Child Abuse Potential and Current Mental Health Symptoms
Rinehart, D. J., Becker, M. A., Buckley, P. R., Dailey, K., Reichardt, C. S., Graeber, C., VanDeMark, N. R., & Brown, E. (2005) · The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research · doi:10.1007/bf02287264 · Cited by 31
Strong association between earlier abuse and revictimization in youth
Blom, H., Högberg, U., Olofsson, N., & Danielsson, I. (2014) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-715 · Cited by 34
“Background Youth violence is recognized as a significant public health problem [1] and the strong associations between violence exposure and health risk behaviours and physical and psychological ill health are well documented [1-3].”
Background
Families who begin versus decline therapy for children who are sexually abused
Lippert, T., Favre, T., Alexander, C., & Cross, T. P. (2008) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.02.005 · Cited by 31
Efficacy of Sertraline in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Secondary to Interpersonal Trauma or Childhood Abuse
Stein, D. J., van der Kolk, B. A., Austin, C., Fayyad, R. S., & Clary, C. M. (2006) · Annals of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/10401230600948431 · Cited by 31
Child sexual abuse prevention education: a review of school policy and curriculum provision in Australia
Walsh, K., Berthelsen, D., Nicholson, J. M., Brandon, L., Stevens, J., & Rachele, J. N. (2013) · Oxford Review of Education · doi:10.1080/03054985.2013.843446 · Cited by 30
Domestic minor sex trafficking among adjudicated male youth: prevalence and links to treatment
O’Brien, J. E., Li, W., Givens, A., & Leibowitz, G. S. (2017) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.09.026 · Cited by 30
Predictors of PTSD Treatment Response Trajectories in a Sample of Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivors: The Roles of Social Support, Coping, and PTSD Symptom Clusters
Fletcher, S., Elklit, A., Shevlin, M. E., & Armour, C. (2017) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260517741212 · Cited by 30
Victimization and Violence: An Exploration of the Relationship Between Child Sexual Abuse, Violence, and Delinquency
Kozak, R. S., Gushwa, M. K., & Cadet, T. J. (2018) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2018.1474412 · Cited by 30
The Effects of Gender and Family Wealth on Sexual Abuse of Adolescents
Rúnarsdóttir, E., Smith, E. A., & Arnarsson, Á. M. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16101788 · Cited by 30
“Sexual abuse and sexual assaults against adolescents are among the most significant threats to their health [1].”
Background
Association Between Sexual Violence Experiences and Well-Being and Risk for Depression in Elite Athletes Depends on the Context of the Incidents
Ohlert, J., Rau, T., & Allroggen, M. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2019-0008 · Cited by 33
A place and space to survive: A dance/movement therapy program for childhood sexual abuse survivors
Ho, R. (2015) · The Arts in Psychotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.aip.2015.09.004 · Cited by 30
Effects of child abuse and neglect for children and adolescents
Lamont, A. (2010) · Cited by 30
Insomnia, Nightmare Frequency, and Nightmare Distress in Victims of Sexual Abuse: The Role of Perceived Social Support and Abuse Characteristics
Steine, I. M., Krystal, J. H., Nordhus, I. H., Bjorvatn, B., Harvey, A. G., Eid, J., Grønli, J., Milde, A. M., & Pallesen, S. (2012) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260511430385 · Cited by 29
“, 1994), while other studies do not (Briere & Elliot, 2002; Calam et al., 1998; Dubowitz et al., 1993; Fleming et al., 1999; Lynskey, 1997; Paolucci et al., 2001; Steel et al., 2004).”
BackgroundInfluential
A longitudinal perspective on boys as victims of childhood sexual abuse in South Africa: Consequences for adult mental health
Richter, L., Mathews, S., Nonterah, E. A., & Masilela, L. (2018) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.07.016 · Cited by 29
Prevalence of Sexual Abuse Among Children with Conduct Disorder: A Systematic Review
Maniglio, R. (2013) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-013-0161-z · Cited by 29
“…22; males 8.5 Maniglio (2013b) Various (mostly USA) 3,407 male and female adults and youths (20 clinical and nonclinical) Bipolar disorder 24 Paolucci et al. (2001) USA, Canada, Australia, England, South Africa 25,367 male and female adults and youths (88 clinical and nonclinical) Healthy…”
BackgroundInfluential
Coaches and child sexual abuse prevention training: Impact on knowledge, confidence, and behavior
Nurse, A. M. (2018) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.03.040 · Cited by 29
Vulnerability to depression among adolescents: Implications for cognitive-behavioral treatment
Reinecke, M. A., & Simons, A. D. (2005) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/s1077-7229(05)80022-7 · Cited by 29
Caracterização dos sintomas do Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT) em meninas vítimas de abuso sexual
Habigzang, L. F., Borges, J. L., Dell'Aglio, D. D., & Koller, S. H. (2010) · Psicologia Clínica · doi:10.1590/s0103-56652010000200003 · Cited by 28
Gender and age differences in prevalence and incidence of child sexual abuse in Croatia
Ajduković, M., Sušac, N., & Rajter, M. (2013) · Croatian Medical Journal · doi:10.3325/cmj.2013.54.469 · Cited by 28
Assessing the Association Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adult Sexual Experiences in Women with Sexual Difficulties
Stephenson, K. R., Pulverman, C. S., & Meston, C. M. (2014) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.21923 · Cited by 33
“Paolucci, Genuis, and Violato (2001) found medium effect sizes for the association between CSA and depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicide, and risky sexual behavior.”
Background
Systematic review of the prevalence of suicidal ideation and behavior in minors who have been sexually abused.
Pérez-González, A., & Pereda, N. (2015) · Actas Españolas de Psiquiatría · Cited by 28
School Nurses Avoid Addressing Child Sexual Abuse
Kraft, L. E., Rahm, G., & Eriksson, U.-B. (2017) · Journal of School Nursing · doi:10.1177/1059840516633729 · Cited by 27
Preliminary findings on lifetime trauma prevalence and PTSD symptoms among adolescents in Sarawak Malaysia
Ghazali, S. R., Elklit, A., Balang, R. V., Sultan, M. A., & Kana, K. (2014) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2014.05.008 · Cited by 28
“…established the negative psychological impact on adolescents from different types of trauma related incidents; for example, trauma as a result of abuse and neglect (Paolucci et al., 2001; Gustafsson et al., 2009), car accident (Costello et al., 2002) and domestic violence (Saltzman et al., 2005).”
Background
Insomnia symptom trajectories among adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse: A longitudinal study
Steine, I. M., Skogen, J. C., Krystal, J. H., Winje, D., Milde, A. M., Grønli, J., Nordhus, I. H., Bjorvatn, B., & Pallesen, S. (2019) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.05.009 · Cited by 32
Childhood abuse, adult alcohol use disorders and suicidal behaviour
Makhija, N. M., & Sher, L. (2007) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcm024 · Cited by 28
Clinical Characteristics and Efficacious Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents
Brown, E. J. (2005) · Pediatric Annals · doi:10.3928/0090-4481-20050201-13 · Cited by 28
Child Victimization and Polyvictimization Among Young Adults in Northern Chile
Pinto-Cortez, C. G., Gutiérrez-Echegoyen, P., & Henríquez, D. (2018) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260518759058 · Cited by 25
CONSECUENCIAS PSICOLÓGICAS INICIALES DEL ABUSO SEXUAL INFANTIL
Pereda, N. (2009) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) · Cited by 27
Children’s Rights in India: Parents’ and Teachers’ Attitudes, Knowledge and Perceptions
Deb, S., & Mathews, B. (2012) · The International Journal of Children s Rights · doi:10.1163/157181811x616022 · Cited by 27
Effects of Alcohol Intoxication and Instructional Set on Women’s Sexual Arousal Vary Based on Sexual Abuse History
Schacht, R. L., George, W. H., Heiman, J. R., Davis, K. C., Norris, J., Stoner, S. A., & Kajumulo, K. F. (2007) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-006-9147-y · Cited by 26
Social and Emotional Outcomes of Child Sexual Abuse
Özbaran, B., Erermiş, S., Büküşoğlu, N., Bildik, T., Tamar, M., Ercan, E. S., Aydın, C., & Cetin, S. K. (2008) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260508323663 · Cited by 27
“Other studies also found elevated levels of anxiety in the sexually abused group (Beitchman et al., 1992; Green, 1993; Jumper, 1995; Mullen, Martin, Anderson, Romans, & Herbison, 1993; Paolucci et al., 2001; Swanston et al., 2003; Tebbutt, Swanston, Oates, & O’Toole, 1997; Wilsnack, Vogeltanz, Klassen, & Harris, 1997).”
Clinical Correlates and Repetition of Self-Harming Behaviors Among Female Adolescent Victims of Sexual Abuse
Cyr, M., McDuff, P., Wright, J. C., Thériault, C., & Cinq-Mars, C. (2005) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1300/j070v14n02_03 · Cited by 27
Pathways to Sexual Risk Taking Among Female Adolescent Detainees
López, V., Kopak, A. M., Robillard, A., Gillmore, M. R., Holliday, R. C., & Braithwaite, R. L. (2010) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-010-9623-5 · Cited by 27
“Although most of this research has specifically examined the link between child sexual abuse and sexual risk taking (e.g., Paolucci et al. 2001), a growing body of research indicates that the combined effects of different types of maltreatment (physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect) appear to…”
The impact of childhood gender expression on childhood sexual abuse and psychopathology among young men who have sex with men
Hidalgo, M. A., Kuhns, L. M., Kwon, S., Mustanski, B. S., & Garofalo, R. (2015) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.05.005 · Cited by 31
PTSD correlates with somatization in sexually abused children: Type of abuse moderates the effect of PTSD on somatization
Bae, S. M., Kang, J. M., Chang, H. Y., Han, W., & Lee, S. H. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199138 · Cited by 27
Science or Propaganda? An Examination of Rind, Tromovitch and Bauserman (1998)
Dallam, S. J. (2001) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1300/j070v09n03_06 · Cited by 26
Child abuse in England and Wales 2003–2013: Newspaper reporting versus reality
Davies, E., O’Leary, E., & Read, J. (2015) · Journalism · doi:10.1177/1464884915610994 · Cited by 26
Predicting disclosure latency in substantiated cases of child sexual abuse
Gewehr, E., Hensel, B., & Volbert, R. (2021) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105346 · Cited by 28
Self-Destructive and Delinquent Behaviors of Adolescent Female Victims of Child Sexual Abuse: Rates and Covariates in Clinical and Nonclinical Samples
Wright, J. C., Friedrich, W. N., Cinq-Mars, C., Cyr, M., & McDuff, P. (2004) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/088667004780927756 · Cited by 26
[A model of the effects of child sexual abuse on post-traumatic stress: the mediating role of attributions of blame and avoidance coping].
Cantón-Cortés, D., Cantón, J., Justicia, F. J., & Cortés, M. R. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 25
Children's and carers' perspectives of a therapeutic intervention for children affected by sexual abuse
Jessiman, P., Hackett, S., & Carpenter, J. S. W. (2016) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.12322 · Cited by 25
“These include, but are not limited to post traumatic stress (PTSD), depression, suicide, sexual promiscuity, sexual abuse perpetration and poor academic achievement (Paolucci et al. 2001).”
Background
Psychosexual Correlates of Unwanted Sexual Experiences in Women Consulting for Female Sexual Dysfunction According to Their Timing Across the Life Span
Maseroli, E., Scavello, I., Campone, B., Stasi, V. D., Cipriani, S., Felciai, F., Camartini, V., Magini, A., Castellini, G., Ricca, V., et al. (2018) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.10.004 · Cited by 32
Dimensions of childhood trauma and their direct and indirect links to PTSD, impaired control over drinking, and alcohol-related-problems
Patock‐Peckham, J. A., Belton, D. A., D’Ardenne, K., Tein, J., Bauman, D. C., Infurna, F. J., Sanabria, F., Curtis, J., Morgan‐López, A. A., & McClure, S. M. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100304 · Cited by 32
Mental health needs of urban children
Mennen, F. E., & Trickett, P. K. (2007) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.05.007 · Cited by 24
Providing Sensitive Care for Adult HIV-Infected Women With a History of Childhood Sexual Abuse
Aaron, E. Z., Criniti, S. M., Bonacquisti, A. N., & Geller, P. A. (2013) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1016/j.jana.2013.03.004 · Cited by 25
Hear No Evil, See No Evil? Associations of Gender, Trauma History, and Values with Believing Trauma Vignettes
Cromer, L. D., & Freyd, J. J. (2009) · Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy · doi:10.1111/j.1530-2415.2009.01185.x · Cited by 26
Clinical Features and Risk Factors Related With Suicid Attempts in Sexually Abused Child and Adolescents
Gökçe, S., Ayaz, A. B., Yusufoğlu, C., & Arman, A. R. (2012) · Marmara medical journal · doi:10.5472/mmj.2012.02518.1 · Cited by 25
The Contribution of Cognitive Strategies to the Resilience of Women Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Non-Abused Women
Kaye‐Tzadok, A., & Davidson‐Arad, B. (2016) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/1077801216652506 · Cited by 32
“The revealed differences between women survivors of CSA and non-sexually abused women regarding PTS and resilience strengthen what has been already reported in many studies and meta-analyses aimed at investigating the negative sequelae of CSA (e.g., Paolucci et al., 2001).”
Result
Protecting Children through Mandated Child-Abuse Reporting
Dombrowski, S. C., Ahia, C. E., & McQuillan, K. (2003) · The Educational Forum · doi:10.1080/00131720308984549 · Cited by 25
Childhood Sexual Abuse Differentially Predicts Outcome of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Deliberate Self-Harm
Spinhoven, P., Slee, N., Garnefski, N., & Arensman, E. (2009) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181a620c8 · Cited by 24
“(J Nerv Ment Dis 2009;197: 455–457) Child sexual abuse often negatively affects short- and long-termemotional and cognitive development (Paolucci et al., 2001).”
Background

Authors: Paolucci, E. O., Genuis, M. L., & Violato, C.
Affiliations: University of Calgary (CA)
ORCID: Paolucci, Elizabeth ODDONE
Violato, Claudio
Venue: The Journal of Psychology
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2001-01
Volume: 135
Issue: 1
Pages: 17-36
ISSN: 0022-3980 (ISSN-L)
1940-1019
DOI: 10.1080/00223980109603677
OpenAlex: W2017439967
Cited by: 1,144
References: 63
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 59 · 2018: 79 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 63 · 2013: 72 · 2012: 59
FWCI: 3.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
Keywords: child sexual abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, suicide, promiscuity, academic performance, long-term effects of abuse, mediators
MeSH terms: Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Suicide

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A Meta-Analysis of the Published Research on the Effects of Child Sexual Abuse

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks