Cited by 1,144Child Abuse and TraumaMilitary, Security, and Education StudiesSexual Assault and Victimization Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 62 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A Meta-Analysis of the Published Research on the Effects of Child Sexual Abuse

Paolucci, Elizabeth ODDONE, Genuis, Mark L., Violato, Claudio·2001·The Journal of Psychology

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

A meta-analysis of the published research on the effects of child sexual abuse (CSA) was undertaken for 6 outcomes: posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, suicide, sexual promiscuity, victim-perpetrator cycle, and poor academic performance. Thirty-seven studies published between 1981 and 1995 involving 25,367 people were included. Many of the studies were published in 1994 (24; 65%), and most were done in the United States (22; 59%). All six dependent variables were coded, and effect sizes (d) were computed for each outcome. Average unweighted and weighted ds for each of the respective outcome variables were .50 and .40 for PTSD, .63 and .44 for depression, .64 and .44 for suicide, .59 and .29 for sexual promiscuity, .41 and .16 for victim-perpetrator cycle, and .24 and .19 for academic performance. A file drawer analysis indicated that 277 studies with null ds would be required to negate the present findings. The analyses provide clear evidence confirming the link between CSA and subsequent negative short- and long-term effects on development. There were no statistically significant differences on ds when various potentially mediating variables such as gender, socioeconomic status, type of abuse, age when abused, relationship to perpetrator, and number of abuse incidents were assessed. The results of the present meta-analysis support the multifaceted model of traumatization rather than a specific sexual abuse syndrome of CSA.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/00223980109603677

Cites

62 of 62 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Methods of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings
Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (2015) · doi:10.4135/9781483398105 · Cited by 5,542
Meta-Analytic Procedures for Social Research
Rosenthal, R. (1991) · doi:10.4135/9781412984997 · Cited by 4,635
Meta-Analytic Procedures for Social Research.
Metcalfe, A., & Rosenthal, R. (1994) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series D (The Statistician) · doi:10.2307/2348600 · Cited by 4,249
Meta-analysis in social research
(1982) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(82)90011-8 · Cited by 3,896
Impact of child sexual abuse: A review of the research.
Browne, A., & Finkelhor, D. (1986) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.99.1.66 · Cited by 2,718
Impact of sexual abuse on children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies
Kendall-Tackett, K. A., Williams, L. M., & Finkelhor, D. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.113.1.164 · Cited by 2,537
Methods of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings.
Raudenbush, S. W., Hunter, J. E., & Schmidt, F. L. (1991) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2289738 · Cited by 2,368
The traumatic impact of child sexual abuse: A conceptualization.
Finkelhor, D., & Browne, A. (1985) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1985.tb02703.x · Cited by 1,891
Parametric measures of effect size.
Rosenthal, R. (1994) · Cited by 1,856

Show all 63 references

Research works printed but not linked: 10

10.1037/0022-006X.63.2.308 · DOI
*Bagley C., 1992, Current mental health, sexual interest in children and minors, and history of sexual and emotional abuse in 200 young adult males.
*Bagley C., 1984, Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 15
*Bagley C., 1991, Journal of Child and Youth Care: Special Issue, 43
*Bagley C., 1987, Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 6, 5
10.1037/0021-843X.104.4.585 · DOI
*Seng M. J., 1989, Adolescence, 665
Shadish W. R., 1994, The handbook of research synthesis, 261
Violato C., 1994, Canadian Children, 20, 34
10.1037/0021-843X.104.4.610 · DOI

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 1,000

Understanding the linkages between social safety nets and childhood violence: a review of the evidence from low- and middle-income countries
Peterman, A., Neijhoft, A., Cook, S., & Palermo, T. (2017) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czx033 · Cited by 115
“2016; UNICEF 2014a), and has detrimental impacts on children’s development, their ability to learn, and their right to healthy and productive lives (Paolucci et al. 2001; Gershoff 2002; Arseneault et al. 2010; Abramsky et al. 2011; Gini and Pozzoli 2013; Devries et al. 2014; Jennings et al. 2015; Ogando Portela and Pe…”
Background
Gender Differences in the Symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder
Romans, S. E., Tyas, J., Cohen, M. M., & Silverstone, T. (2007) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181594cb7 · Cited by 122
“, 1993), although women have a higher rate of childhood sexual abuse than men, which is well recognized as one risk factor for depression and related disturbances in later life (Kuehner, 2003; Mullen et al., 1993; Paolucci et al., 2001; Weissman et al., 1993).”
Background
Sensation seeking and risk-taking propensity as mediators in the relationship between childhood abuse and HIV-related risk behavior.
Bornovalova, M., Gwadz, M. A., Kahler, C., Aklin, W., & Lejuez, C. (2008) · International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.04.009 · Cited by 116
“, Smith et al., 2004), and it extends these findings to our at-risk sample of low income minority youth using well defined multimodal measures of disinhibition. It is notable that impulsivity as a specific aspect of disinhibition did not serve a mediational role here, which is in contrast to the findings of Bailey and…”
Result
Child sexual abuse
Andrews, G. J., Corry, J., & Slade, T. N. (2004) · Cited by 120
Hallucination
(2013) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9780262019200.001.0001 · Cited by 124
A meta-analysis of the effects of psychotherapy with sexually abused children and adolescents
Harvey, S. T., & Taylor, J. E. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.03.006 · Cited by 118
Partnering with parents to prevent childhood sexual abuse
Wurtele, S. K., & Kenny, M. C. (2010) · Child Abuse Review · doi:10.1002/car.1112 · Cited by 124
“prostitution, running away from home) and interpersonal diffi culties (Berliner and Elliott, 2002; Kilpatrick et al., 2003; Noll et al., 2003; Paolucci et al., 2001; Roberts et al., 2004; Tyler, 2002).”
BackgroundResult
Use of pornography and self-reported engagement in sexual violence among adolescents
Bonino, S., Ciairano, S., Rabaglietti, E., & Cattelino, E. (2006) · European Journal of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17405620600562359 · Cited by 117
Psychosocial and Cultural Contributions to Depression in Women: Considerations for Women Midlife and Beyond
Keita, G. P. (2007) · Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy · doi:10.18553/jmcp.2007.13.9-a.12 · Cited by 117
Child Sexual Abuse and Risk of Revictimization: Impact of Child Demographics, Sexual Abuse Characteristics, and Psychiatric Disorders
Papalia, N. L., Mann, E., & Ogloff, J. R. P. (2020) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559520932665 · Cited by 115
“…domains, including psychopathology, risky behaviors, physical illness, education and employment challenges, and crime and violence (Andrews et al., 2004; Beitchman et al., 1991, 1992; Cashmore & Shackel, 2013; Gilbert et al., 2009; Maniglio, 2009; Paolucci et al., 2001; Putnam, 2003).”
Background
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder/PTSD in adolescent victims of sexual abuse: resilience and social support as protection factors
Hébert, M., Lavoie, F., & Blais, M. (2014) · Ciência & Saúde Coletiva · doi:10.1590/1413-81232014193.15972013 · Cited by 114
Spirituality and coping with life stress among adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse
Gall, T. L. (2006) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.01.003 · Cited by 128
New insights into early-life stress and behavioral outcomes
Bolton, J. L., Molet, J., Ivy, A. S., & Baram, T. Z. (2017) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.12.012 · Cited by 118
Relationship of personal, familial, and abuse-specific factors with outcome following childhood sexual abuse
Yancey, C. T., & Hansen, D. J. (2010) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2010.07.003 · Cited by 114
“all or most of the factors that the literature suggests contribute to the outcomes that a victim experiences following CSA (for comprehensive reviews see Kendall-Tackett et al., 1993; Paolucci et al., 2001).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Sexual Abuse, Antisocial Behaviour and Substance Use: Gender Differences in Young Community Adolescents
Bergen, H. A., Martin, G., Richardson, A. S., Allison, S. C., & Roeger, L. S. (2004) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1614.2004.01295.x · Cited by 111
A population-based study of childhood sexual contact in China: Prevalence and long-term consequences
Luo, Y., Parish, W. L., & Laumann, E. O. (2008) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.10.005 · Cited by 111
“The love that I was missing”: Exploring the lived experience of motherhood among teen mothers in foster care
Aparicio, E. M., Pecukonis, E. V., & O'Neale, S. (2015) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.02.002 · Cited by 109
Protecting Children From Online Sexual Predators: Technological, Psychoeducational, and Legal Considerations.
Dombrowski, S. C., LeMasney, J. W., Ahia, C. E., & Dickson, S. A. (2004) · Professional Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/0735-7028.35.1.65 · Cited by 109
Childhood Trauma and Chronic Illness in Adulthood: Mental Health and Socioeconomic Status as Explanatory Factors and Buffers
Mock, S. E., & Arai, S. M. (2011) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00246 · Cited by 109
“One potential pathway is through the negative mental health consequences in adulthood of trauma experienced in childhood (Turner and Lloyd, 1995; Paolucci et al., 2001; Briere and Jordan, 2009).”
Background
Epidemiology of child traumatic stress
Fairbank, J. A., & Fairbank, D. W. (2009) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-009-0042-9 · Cited by 108
Queer, young, and homeless: A review of the literature
Ecker, J. (2016) · Child & Youth Services · doi:10.1080/0145935x.2016.1151781 · Cited by 129
Psychometric properties of the Adverse Childhood Experiences Abuse Short Form (ACE-ASF) among Romanian high school students
Meinck, F., Cosma, A. P., Mikton, C. R., & Băban, A. (2017) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.08.016 · Cited by 105
Living in Danger
Kaysen, D. L., Resick, P. A., & Wise, D. (2003) · Trauma Violence & Abuse · doi:10.1177/1524838003004003004 · Cited by 101
Spirituality and the Current Adjustment of Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse
Gall, T. L., BASQUE, V., Damasceno, M. G., & VARDY, G. (2007) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2007.00343.x · Cited by 111
“As Pargament et al. (1990) noted, it is important to evaluate the contribution of religious factors to well-being and coping within the context of other person factors that have established links to adjustment.”
Background
Child abuse and neglect among orphaned children and youth living in extended families in sub-Saharan Africa: What have we learned from qualitative inquiry?
Morantz, G., Cole, D. C., Vreeman, R., Ayaya, S., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. K. A. (2013) · Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies · doi:10.1080/17450128.2013.764476 · Cited by 101
Development of the Trauma Appraisal Questionnaire
DePrince, A. P., Zurbriggen, E. L., Chu, A. T., & Smart, L. (2010) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771003705072 · Cited by 99
Suicide attempts among men with histories of child sexual abuse: Examining abuse severity, mental health, and masculine norms
Easton, S. D., Renner, L. M., & O’Leary, P. (2013) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.11.007 · Cited by 96
Gender, victimization, and psychiatric outcomes
Gershon, A., Minor, K., & Hayward, C. (2008) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291708003000 · Cited by 95
“Finally, Paolucci et al. (2001) examined the relationship between CSA and psychological outcomes [e.g. symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), poor academic performance] in primarily non-community-based samples.”
BackgroundInfluential
Profiles of school adaptation: Social, behavioral and academic functioning in sexually abused girls
Daignault, I. V., & Hébert, M. (2009) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.06.001 · Cited by 110
The Intersection of Violence, Substance Use, Depression, and STDs: Testing of a Syndemic Pattern Among Patients Attending an Urban STD Clinic
Senn, T. E., Carey, M. P., & Vanable, P. A. (2010) · Journal of the National Medical Association · doi:10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30639-8 · Cited by 94
Sexual Abuse and Suicidal Behavior: A Model Constructed From a Large Community Sample of Adolescents
Bergen, H. A., Martin, G., Richardson, A. S., Allison, S. C., & Roeger, L. S. (2003) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000084831.67701.d6 · Cited by 92
“Failure to find statistically significant gender differences in a meta-analysis of CSA outcome studies (Paolucci et al., 2001) has been attributed to poor-quality data, given that individual studies do indeed report such effects (Garnefski and Arends, 1998; Tomori et al.”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Adverse childhood experiences and access and utilization of health care
Alcalá, H. E., Valdez-Dadia, A., & Ehrenstein, O. S. V. (2017) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdx155 · Cited by 96
Experiential avoidance and the relationship between child maltreatment and PTSD symptoms: Preliminary evidence
Shenk, C. E., Putnam, F. W., & Noll, J. G. (2012) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.09.012 · Cited by 97
The Internalization of Social Stigma Among Minor-Attracted Persons: Implications for Treatment
Lievesley, R., Harper, C. A., & Elliott, H. (2020) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01569-x · Cited by 101
The Validity of Implicit Association Test (IAT) Measures of Sexual Attraction to Children: A Meta-Analysis
Babchishin, K., Nunes, K., & Hermann, C. A. (2013) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-012-0022-8 · Cited by 92
A Bibliometric History of the Journal of Psychology Between 1936 and 2015
Porcar, A. M. T., Mas‐Tur, A., Merigó, J. M., Roig‐Tierno, N., & Watt, J. (2018) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2018.1440516 · Cited by 87
The enduring effect of maltreatment on antisocial behavior: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies
Braga, T., Cunha, O. S., & Maia, Â. (2018) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2018.04.003 · Cited by 88
The Relationship Between Exposure to Community Violence and Psychological Distress Among Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis
Wilson, W. C., & Rosenthal, B. S. (2003) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/vivi.2003.18.3.335 · Cited by 87
Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking: Assessing and Reducing Risk
Countryman-Roswurm, K. I., & Bolin, B. L. (2014) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-014-0336-6 · Cited by 86
“While there is little empirical evidence on any interventions specific to DMST survivors, psychoeducational groups have been well researched with victims of other forms of sexual abuse and exploitation (Hayes and Morgan 2005; Paolucci et al. 2001; Trask et al. 2011).”
Background
Predictors of Problematic Sexual Behavior Among Children With Complex Maltreatment Histories
Tarren‐Sweeney, M. (2008) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559508316043 · Cited by 86
The Impact of Child Abuse in Community Institutions and Organizations: Advancing Professional and Scientific Understanding
Wolfe, D. A., Jaffe, P. G., Jetté, J. L., & Poisson, S. E. (2003) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.bpg021 · Cited by 90
“In some circumstances current or future family members may be the direct recipients of abusive behavior by the prior victim (Oddone-Paolucci et al., 2001).”
Background
The Relationships Between Childhood Sexual Abuse, Social Anxiety, and Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Women
Feerick, M. M., & Snow, K. L. (2005) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-005-7802-z · Cited by 87
“Victims of childhood sexual abuse suffer from a variety of short- and long-term consequences in cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains (see reviews by Beitchman et al., 1991, 1992; Cahill et al., 1991; Kendall-Tackett et al., 1993; Neumann et al., 1996; Oddone Paolucci et al., 2001).”
Background
Childhood and Adolescent Sexual Abuse of Community Women: Mediated Effects on Psychological Distress and Social Relationships.
Kallstrom-Fuqua, A. C., Weston, R., & Marshall, L. L. (2004) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.72.6.980 · Cited by 84
A prospective examination of the role of childhood sexual abuse and physiological asymmetry in the development of psychopathology
Shenk, C. E., Noll, J. G., Putnam, F. W., & Trickett, P. K. (2010) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2010.02.010 · Cited by 83
Self-reported and agency-notified child sexual abuse in a population-based birth cohort
Mills, R. J., Kisely, S. R., Alati, R., Strathearn, L., & Najman, J. M. (2015) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.12.021 · Cited by 86
“This is a widely reported within the literature on PTSD and CSA, but is almost completely based on cross-sectional self-report studies (Hetzel and McCanne, 2005; Paolucci et al., 2001).”
Background
Online or off-line victimisation and psychological well-being: A comparison of sexual-minority and heterosexual youth
Priebe, G., & Svedin, C. G. (2012) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-012-0294-5 · Cited by 82
“The impact of child sexual abuse on victims’ health has been extensively investigated in previous research [13], while there is more limited research on health effects of child sexual abuse on sexual-minorities [9].”
The Impact of Sexual Abuse, Family Violence/Conflict, Spirituality, and Religion on Anger and Depressed Mood Among Adolescents
Sigurvinsdóttir, R., Ásgeirsdóttir, B. B., Ullman, S. E., & Sigfúsdóttir, I. D. (2017) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260517734860 · Cited by 82
“Both childhood sexual abuse and family violence/conflict were uniquely associated with an increase in mental health symptoms of depressed mood and anger, similar to previous work (Edwards et al., 2003; Molnar et al., 2001; Neumann et al., 1996; Paolucci et al., 2001; Pérez-Fuentes et al., 2013).”
Result
Sexual harassment and abuse in sport: the role of the team doctor: Table 1
Marks, S., Mountjoy, M. L., & Marcus, M. (2011) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090345 · Cited by 82
Sexual health behaviors and outcomes among current and former foster youth: A review of the literature
Winter, V. R., Brandon-Friedman, R. A., & Ely, G. E. (2016) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.02.023 · Cited by 81
Parental reflective functioning as a moderator of child internalizing difficulties in the context of child sexual abuse
Ensink, K., Bégin, M., Normandin, L., & Fonagy, P. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.051 · Cited by 82
“…psychopathology (Maniglio, 2009; Putnam, 2003) and over one third of sexually abused children manifest clinically significant internalizing difficulties and 46-47% develop externalizing difficulties (Beaudoin, Hébert et al., 2013; Mathews et al., 2013; McCrae et al., 2006; Paolucci et al., 2001).”
Background
Correlates of Behavioral Outcomes in Sexually Abused Children
Hébert, M., Tremblay, C., Parent, N., Daignault, I. V., & Piché, C. (2006) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-006-9026-2 · Cited by 84
Childhood and adult violence in the lives of women who misuse substances
Gutierres, S. E., & Puymbroeck, C. M. V. (2006) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2006.01.010 · Cited by 80
Pathways from childhood abuse and neglect to HIV-risk sexual behavior in middle adulthood.
Wilson, H. W., & Widom, C. S. (2011) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0022915 · Cited by 84
Serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR genotype moderates the effects of childhood adversity on posttraumatic stress disorder risk: a replication study
Xie, P.-X., Kranzler, H., Farrer, L., & Gelernter, J. (2012) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.32068 · Cited by 72
“Child abuse frequently produces serious long-term negative effects, and it increases risk for PTSD [Brewin et al., 2000; Paolucci et al., 2001].”
Background
Gender differences in recidivism rates for juvenile justice youth: The impact of sexual abuse.
Conrad, S. M., Tolou‐Shams, M., Rizzo, C. J., Placella, N., & Brown, L. K. (2013) · Law and Human Behavior · doi:10.1037/lhb0000062 · Cited by 90
“…no t to be di ss em in at ed br oa dl y. Law and Human Behavior © 2013 American Psychological Association 2014, Vol. 38, No. 4, 305–314 0147-7307/14/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/lhb0000062 305 sion, relative to their nonabused counterparts (Chen et al., 2010; Paolucci et al., 2001; Swanston et al., 2003).”
Influential
From Childhood Maltreatment to Allostatic Load in Adulthood: The Role of Social Support
Horan, J. M., & Widom, C. S. (2015) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559515597063 · Cited by 73
Sexual problems and post‐traumatic stress disorder following sexual trauma: A meta‐analytic review
O’Driscoll, C., & Flanagan, E. (2015) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12077 · Cited by 77
The role of childhood trauma, psychological problems, and coping in the development of deviant sexual fantasies in sexual offenders
Maniglio, R. (2011) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2011.03.003 · Cited by 77
Child Sexual Abuse and Subsequent Offending and Victimisation: A 45-year Follow-up Study
Cutajar, M. C., Ogloff, J. R. P., & Mullen, P. E. (2011) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e620412012-001 · Cited by 78
“There is also an overrepresentation of mental illness among CSA victims (see reviews by Andrews et al., 2004; Beitchman et al., 1992; Browne & Finkelhor, 1986; Fergusson & Mullen, 1999; Finkelhor, 1990; Gilbert et al., 2009; Paolucci et al., 2001; Putnam, 2003).”
Background
Suicide and fatal drug overdose in child sexual abuse victims: a historical cohort study
Cutajar, M. C., Mullen, P. E., Ogloff, J. R. P., Thomas, S. D., Wells, D. L., & Spataro, J. (2010) · Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03475.x · Cited by 97
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Adults Who Had Been Abused and Neglected as Children:A 30-Year Prospective Study
Wilson, H. W., & Widom, C. S. (2009) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2007.131599 · Cited by 76
The Association of Abuse and Symptoms Suggestive of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Results from the Boston Area Community Health Survey
Hu, J. C., Link, C. L., McNaughton-Collins, M., Barry, M. J., & McKinlay, J. B. (2007) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-007-0341-y · Cited by 75
“A meta-analysis examining the impact of child sexual abuse on mental health outcomes (posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, suicide) concluded that men and women were similarly affected by abuse.(41) Finally, national probability studies demonstrate that males who have been sexually abused were at greatly increas…”
Background
Children’s Mental Health and Well-Being After Parental Intimate Partner Homicide: A Systematic Review
Alisic, E., Krishna, R. N., Groot, A., & Frederick, J. (2015) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-015-0193-7 · Cited by 77
“There are also indications that trauma exposure is related to reduced levels of overall quality of life in children (Alisic et al. 2008), including drops in school performance (e.g., Paolucci et al. 2001) and physical well-being (e.g., Graham-Bermann and Seng 2005).”
Background
Prevalence and Overlap of Childhood and Adult Physical, Sexual, and Emotional Abuse: A Descriptive Analysis of Results From the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Survey
Chiu, G. R., Lutfey, K., Litman, H. J., Link, C. L., Hall, S. A., & McKinlay, J. B. (2013) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/0886-6708.11-043 · Cited by 75
“, 1991), and even suicide and premature death (Basile & Smith, 2011; Black, 2011; Brown et al., 2009; Paolucci et al., 2001).”
Background
Do Child Abuse and Maltreatment Increase Risk of Schizophrenia?
Sideli, L., Mulè, A., Barbera, D. L., & Murray, R. M. (2012) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.4306/pi.2012.9.2.87 · Cited by 79
The moderating effects of sex on consequences of childhood maltreatment: from clinical studies to animal models
White, J. D., & Kaffman, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01082 · Cited by 73
Disclosure of physical, emotional and sexual child abuse, help-seeking and access to abuse response services in two South African Provinces
Meinck, F., Cluver, L. D., Loening-Voysey, H., Bray, R. M., Doubt, J., Casale, M. A. J., & Sherr, L. (2017) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2016.1271950 · Cited by 72
Prevalence and risk factors for intimate partner violence among Grade 8 learners in urban South Africa: baseline analysis from the Skhokho Supporting Success cluster randomised controlled trial
Shamu, S., Gevers, A., Mahlangu, B. P., Shai, N., Chirwa, E. D., & Jewkes, R. K. (2015) · International Health · doi:10.1093/inthealth/ihv068 · Cited by 72
Self-Blame, Shame, Avoidance, and Suicidal Ideation in Sexually Abused Adolescent Girls: A Longitudinal Study
Alix, S., Cossette, L., Cyr, M., Frappier, J., Caron, P., & Hébert, M. (2019) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2019.1678543 · Cited by 72
The Cognitive Impact of Sexual Abuse and PTSD in Children: A Neuropsychological Study
Barrera, M., Calderón, L., & Bell, V. (2013) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2013.811141 · Cited by 72
Personality Disorders, Coping Strategies, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Women with Histories of Childhood Sexual Abuse
Johnson, D. M., Sheahan, T. C., & Chard, K. M. (2003) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1300/j070v12n02_02 · Cited by 71
Oxytocin receptors (OXTR) and early parental care: An interaction that modulates psychiatric disorders
Cataldo, I., Azhari, A., Lepri, B., & Esposito, G. (2017) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2017.10.007 · Cited by 72
“Over the past few decades, a robust link has been drawn between adversities, which occurred during childhood and subsequent mental health issues in adulthood (Bethlehem et al., 2013; Ebstein et al., 2012; Meyer-Lindenberg & Tost, 2012; Paolucci et al., 2001).”
Background
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
(2020) · Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy · doi:10.47626/2237-6089 · Cited by 70
Child peer sexual abuse: Preliminary data on outcomes and disclosure experiences
Sperry, D. M., & Gilbert, B. O. (2005) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2004.12.011 · Cited by 69
A Prospective Analysis of the Relationship Between Childhood Sexual Victimization and Perpetration of Dating Violence and Sexual Assault in Adulthood
Loh, C., & Gidycz, C. A. (2006) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260506287313 · Cited by 68
“In other words, the negative consequences of childhood sexual victimization manifest similarly in both men and women (Paolucci et al., 2001; Romano & De Luca, 2001; Stevenson, 1999; Tyler, 2002).”
The impact of childhood sexual abuse and adverse childhood experiences on adult health related quality of life
Downing, N. R., Akinlotan, M. A., & Thornhill, C. W. (2021) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105181 · Cited by 88
Prevalence of child sexual abuse among adults and youths with bipolar disorder: A systematic review
Maniglio, R. (2013) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2013.03.002 · Cited by 67
“Talking about child sexual abuse would have helped me”: Young people who sexually abused reflect on preventing harmful sexual behavior
McKibbin, G., Humphreys, C., & Hamilton, B. E. (2017) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.06.017 · Cited by 80
The relation of childhood trauma to suicide ideation in patients suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder with lifetime suicide attempts
Khosravani, V., Kamali, Z., Ardakani, R. J., & Ardestani, S. M. S. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.05.032 · Cited by 67
The Impact of Childhood Abuse on the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
de Vries, I., & Goggin, K. (2018) · Trauma Violence & Abuse · doi:10.1177/1524838018801332 · Cited by 77
The long-term impact of childhood abuse on internalizing disorders among older adults: The moderating role of self-esteem
Sachs‐Ericsson, N., Gayman, M. D., Kendall-Tackett, K. A., Lloyd, D. A., Medley, A. N., Collins, N., Corsentino, E. A., & Sawyer, K. (2010) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607860903191382 · Cited by 68
Consecuencias del abuso sexual infantil: una revisión de las variables intervinientes
Cantón-Cortés, D., & Arboleda, M. R. C. (2015) · Anales de Psicología · doi:10.6018/analesps.31.2.180771 · Cited by 67
Gender Differences in the Context and Consequences of Child Sexual Abuse
Cashmore, J., & Shackel, R. (2014) · Current Issues in Criminal Justice · doi:10.1080/10345329.2014.12036008 · Cited by 74
Exploring the role of child sexual abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in gay and bisexual men reporting compulsive sexual behavior
Blain, L. M., Muench, F. J., Morgenstern, J., & Parsons, J. T. (2012) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.03.003 · Cited by 68
Evaluation of a web-based acceptance and commitment therapy program for women with trauma-related problems: A pilot study
Fiorillo, D., McLean, C., Pistorello, J., Hayes, S. C., & Follette, V. M. (2017) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2016.11.003 · Cited by 61
Challenges associated with exposure to chronic trauma:Using a public health framework to foster resilient outcomes among youth
Overstreet, S., & Mathews, T. L. (2011) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.20584 · Cited by 64
Child sexual abuse and the development of psychiatric disorders: a neurobiological trajectory of pathogenesis
Sousa, A. D., Shrivastava, A., Karia, S., & Sonavane, S. (2017) · Industrial Psychiatry Journal · doi:10.4103/ipj.ipj_38_15 · Cited by 79
“[4] At any given time, 20%–40% of psychiatric patients carry with them a history and burden of CSA.[5] The pathway of genesis of a psychiatric disorder in response to CSA is complex and determined by a number of intertwining factors such as genetics, epigenetics, neurobiological changes, neurochemical and C sexual abu…”
Influential
Evaluation of a Sexual Abuse Prevention Workshop for Parents of Young Children
Wurtele, S. K., Moreno, T., & Kenny, M. C. (2008) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1080/19361520802505768 · Cited by 63
Borderline Personality Symptomatology and Sexual Impulsivity
Sansone, R. A., Barnes, J., Muennich, E., & Wiederman, M. W. (2008) · The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine · doi:10.2190/pm.38.1.e · Cited by 62
“For example, in a meta-analysis of 37 studies involving over 25,000 subjects, Oddone Paolucci and colleagues [3] confirmed that sexual abuse in childhood was associated with promiscuity in adulthood.”
Background
A Typological Analysis of Behavioral Profiles of Sexually Abused Children
Hébert, M., Parent, N., Daignault, I. V., & Tourigny, M. (2006) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559506287866 · Cited by 60
“…to date suggest that sexually abused children are likely to present significant anxiety, depression, somatic complaints, social withdrawal, anger, and aggressive behaviors compared to nonabused children (Briere & Elliot, 2001; Cahill, Kaminer, & Johnson, 1999; Paolucci & Genuis, 2001; Wolfe, 1999).”
Background
OPCRIT+: an electronic system for psychiatric diagnosis and data collection in clinical and research settings
Rucker, J., Newman, S., Gray, J., Gunasinghe, C., Broadbent, M. T. M., Brittain, P. J., Baggaley, M., Denis, M., Turp, J., Stewart, R. J., et al. (2011) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.110.082925 · Cited by 66
Profiles of adult survivors of severe sexual, physical and emotional institutional abuse in Ireland
Fitzpatrick, M., Carr, A., Dooley, B. A., Flanagan‐Howard, R., Flanagan, E., Tierney, K. J., White, M. D., Daly, M., Shevlin, M. E., & Egan, J. (2009) · Child Abuse Review · doi:10.1002/car.1083 · Cited by 61
Prevalence and Correlates of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Adults Consulting for Sexual Problems
Berthelot, N., Godbout, N., Hébert, M., Goulet, M., & Bergeron, S. (2013) · Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy · doi:10.1080/0092623x.2013.772548 · Cited by 60
An epidemiologic study of childhood sexual abuse and adult sleep disturbances.
Lind, M. J., Aggen, S. H., Kendler, K. S., York, T. P., & Amstadter, A. B. (2015) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000080 · Cited by 61
Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse: Evaluation of a Community Media Campaign
Rheingold, A. A., Campbell, C., Self-Brown, S., de Arellano, M., Resnick, H., & Kilpatrick, D. (2007) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559507305994 · Cited by 60
Psychological Consequences of Early Global Deprivation
Kumsta, R., Kreppner, J., Kennedy, M., Knights, N., Rutter, M. L., & Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (2015) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000227 · Cited by 66
The Relationship between Childhood Maltreatment and Risky Sexual Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis
Wang, Z.-Y., Hu, M., Yu, T., & Yang, J. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16193666 · Cited by 59
A Meta-Analysis of Parent-Involved Treatment for Child Sexual Abuse
Corcoran, J., & Pillai, V. K. (2008) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731507313980 · Cited by 59
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Suicidal Ideation Among Sexually Abused Adolescent Girls: The Mediating Role of Shame
Alix, S., Cossette, L., Hébert, M., Cyr, M., & Frappier, J. (2017) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2017.1280577 · Cited by 59
Perpetrator Methodology as a Predictor of Traumatic Symptomatology in Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse
Leahy, T., Pretty, G. M. H., & Tenenbaum, G. (2004) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260504262963 · Cited by 60
“However, some recent reviews and individual studies have not found a relationship between the perpetrator relationship to the victim and higher levels of traumatization (e.g., Johnson et al., 2001; Paolucci et al., 2001).”
BackgroundResult

Authors: Paolucci, E. O., Genuis, M. L., & Violato, C.
Affiliations: University of Calgary (CA)
ORCID: Paolucci, Elizabeth ODDONE
Violato, Claudio
Venue: The Journal of Psychology
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2001-01
Volume: 135
Issue: 1
Pages: 17-36
ISSN: 0022-3980 (ISSN-L)
1940-1019
DOI: 10.1080/00223980109603677
OpenAlex: W2017439967
Cited by: 1,144
References: 63
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 59 · 2018: 79 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 63 · 2013: 72 · 2012: 59
FWCI: 3.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
Keywords: child sexual abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, suicide, promiscuity, academic performance, long-term effects of abuse, mediators
MeSH terms: Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Suicide

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A Meta-Analysis of the Published Research on the Effects of Child Sexual Abuse

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks