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Earthen Terrace Technologies and Environmental Adaptation in the Montane Forests of Pre-Columbian Northeastern Peru
Abstract
The pre-Columbian Andes are renowned for agricultural terrace systems in areas of steep terrain. Most studies have concentrated on regions characterized by seasonally-variable limited precipitation, yet research in high-precipitation and cloud-forest regions of the North and Eastern Andes demonstrates the diversity of terrace technologies adapted to different landscapes. This paper presents research from survey, excavation, and digital modeling of three types of well-preserved agricultural terraces found in a 50 km2 area in central Chachapoyas, northeastern Peru. These terrace types—which we refer to as linear segmented, contour, and sinkhole—were all comprised entirely of earth, not stone. Results from digital modeling using ArcGIS hydrology tools indicate different manners through which each terrace type structured the movement of water over the ground surface, supporting previous arguments that similar earthen terrace infrastructure in Colombia, Ecuador, and eastern Peru were likewise designed to manage runoff drainage rather than support irrigation.
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Guengerich, A., & Berquist, S.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Venue
- Journal of Field Archaeology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2020-01-13
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 153-169
- ISSN
- 0093-4690 (ISSN-L)
- 2042-4582
- OpenAlex
- W2999243143
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 18.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Field Archaeology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Archaeology and Natural History
- Social Sciences › Archeology › Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Keywords
- agricultural terraces, pre-Columbian Andes, Chachapoyas, cloud forest, water management, landscape adaptation, hydrological modeling
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