The DOI matches its Crossref record; 60 of the 62 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Nutrition for endurance sports: Marathon, triathlon, and road cycling
Open accessAbstract
Endurance sports are increasing in popularity and athletes at all levels are looking for ways to optimize their performance by training and nutrition. For endurance exercise lasting 30 min or more, the most likely contributors to fatigue are dehydration and carbohydrate depletion, whereas gastrointestinal problems, hyperthermia, and hyponatraemia can reduce endurance exercise performance and are potentially health threatening, especially in longer events (>4 h). Although high muscle glycogen concentrations at the start may be beneficial for endurance exercise, this does not necessarily have to be achieved by the traditional supercompensation protocol. An individualized nutritional strategy can be developed that aims to deliver carbohydrate to the working muscle at a rate that is dependent on the absolute exercise intensity as well as the duration of the event. Endurance athletes should attempt to minimize dehydration and limit body mass losses through sweating to 2-3% of body mass. Gastrointestinal problems occur frequently, especially in long-distance races. Problems seem to be highly individual and perhaps genetically determined but may also be related to the intake of highly concentrated carbohydrate solutions, hyperosmotic drinks, as well as the intake of fibre, fat, and protein. Hyponatraemia has occasionally been reported, especially among slower competitors with very high intakes of water or other low sodium drinks. Here I provide a comprehensive overview of recent research findings and suggest several new guidelines for the endurance athlete on the basis of this. These guidelines are more detailed and allow a more individualized approach.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“A sufficient amount of carbohydrates should be ingested to ensure the recovery of glycogen stores; this may vary between 5 and 12 g/kg body weight/day depending on the athlete and the physical activity performed [5,58].”
From Nutrition-Related Adverse Outcomes in Endurance Sports Competitions: A Review of Incidence and Practical Recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“A high exogenous CHO availability during exercise (78–90 g/h, approximately) [4,5] facilitates performance through the sparing of hepatic glycogen, avoiding potential hypoglycemia, as well as through the maintenance of a high CHO oxidation rate, which enables a higher exercise intensity [6].”
From Carbohydrate Availability and Physical Performance: Physiological Overview and Practical Recommendations (2019) · cites this paper as [4]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
ACSM Position Stand: Exercise and Fluid Replacement
Convertino, V. A., Armstrong, L. E., Coyle, E. F., Mack, G. W., Sawka, M. N., Senay, L. C., & Sherman, W. M. (1996) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-199610000-00045 · Cited by 1,977
Romijn, J. A., Coyle, E. F., Sidossis, L. S., Gastaldelli, A., Horowitz, J. F., Endert, E., & Wolfe, R. R. (1993) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1993.265.3.e380 · Cited by 1,747
Exercise and Fluid Replacement
(2007) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31802ca597 · Cited by 1,497
Nutrition and Athletic Performance
(2009) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31890eb86 · Cited by 1,084 · cited 5×
“In the most recent position statement by the American Dietetics Association (ADA) and ACSM (Rodriguez et al., 2009), advice with respect to carbohydrate intake during exercise is expressed in g kg BW(71).”
BackgroundInfluentialCarbohydrates for training and competition
Burke, L. M., Hawley, J. A., Wong, S. H. S., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2011) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2011.585473 · Cited by 985
Carbohydrate sensing in the human mouth: effects on exercise performance and brain activity
Chambers, E. S., Bridge, M., & Jones, D. A. (2009) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2008.164285 · Cited by 625
Legr, F. D., Legr, T. C. T. A., Fabien, D., William, M., Legrand, F. D., Bertucci, W. M., & Thatcher, J. (2011) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2011.646787 · Cited by 537
Carbohydrate intake during exercise and performance
Jeukendrup, A. E. (2004) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.017 · Cited by 490
Self-citationDietary and developmental regulation of intestinal sugar transport
Ferraris, R. P. (2001) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3600265 · Cited by 328
Oxidation of combined ingestion of glucose and fructose during exercise
Jentjens, R. L. P. G., Moseley, L., Waring, R. H., Harding, L. K., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2004) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00974.2003 · Cited by 310
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 62 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Foster , C. , Costill , D. L. and Fink , W. J. 1979 . Effects of preexercise feedings on endurance performance . Medicine and Science and Sports , 11 : 1 – 5 .
- Schaub , N. , Spichtin , H. P. and Stalder , G. A. 1985 . Ischämische Kolitis als Ursache einer Darmblutung bei Marathonlauf? . Schweizerische Medicin Wochenschrift , 115 : 454 – 457 .
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 384
ROSS, M. L. R., Stephens, B., Abbiss, C. R., Martin, D. T., Laursen, P. B., & Burke, L. M. (2014) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2012-0369 · Cited by 20
Healthy Behavior and Sports Drinks: A Systematic Review
Muñoz-Urtubia, N., Vega-Muñoz, A., Estrada-Muñoz, C., Salazar-Sepúlveda, G., Contreras-Barraza, N., & Castillo, D. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15132915 · Cited by 29
Differences in collegiate athlete nutrition knowledge as determined by athlete characteristics.
Weeden, A. M., Olsen, J., Batacan, J. M., & Peterson, T. W. (2014) · The Sport Journal · Cited by 19
Savoie, F. A., Asselin, A., & Goulet, E. D. B. (2016) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000001371 · Cited by 19
The Impact of Sex and Performance Level on Pacing Behavior in a 24-h Ultramarathon
Inoue, A., Santos, T. M., Hettinga, F. J., Alves, D., Viana, B. F., Terra, B., & Pires, F. O. (2019) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2019.00057 · Cited by 19
Footstrike patterns and race performance in the 2017 IAAF World Championship men’s 10,000 m final
Hanley, B., Tucker, C. B., Bissas, A., Merlino, S., & Gruber, A. H. (2021) · Sports Biomechanics · doi:10.1080/14763141.2020.1856916 · Cited by 19
Gentle, H. L., Love, T. D., Howe, A. S., & Black, K. E. (2014) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/1550-2783-11-33 · Cited by 19
Anthropometry, Body Composition and Resting Energy Expenditure in Human
Tur, J. A., & Bibiloni, M. D. M. (2019) · MDPI eBooks · doi:10.3390/books978-3-03921-462-4 · Cited by 18
McCarthy, O. M., Eckstein, M. L., Scott, S. N., Fontana, F. Y., Christiansen, M. P., Stettler, C., Fisher, M., Bode, B. W., Riddell, M. C., HAYES, C. A., et al. (2020) · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care · doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001245 · Cited by 18
Killian, L. A., Muir, J. G., Barrett, J. S., Burd, N. A., & Lee, S. Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.637160 · Cited by 23
Lainščak, M., Gosker, H., & Schols, A. (2013) · Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care · doi:10.1097/mco.0b013e328360285d · Cited by 15
Jiménez-Alfageme, R., Sanz, J. M. M., Romero-García, D., Giménez-Monzó, D., Aparicio, S. H., Sánchez-Oliver, A. J., & Sospedra, I. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15061330 · Cited by 17
Energy availability and nutrition during a Special Force Qualification Course (Q-Course)
Mullie, P., Clarys, P., Bry, W. D., & Geeraerts, P. (2018) · Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps · doi:10.1136/jramc-2018-001059 · Cited by 17
Requirements of Energy, Carbohydrates, Proteins and Fats for Athletes
Kerksick, C. M., & Kulovitz, M. (2013) · Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-396454-0.00036-9 · Cited by 16
Martínez‐Ferrán, M., Cuadrado‐Peñafiel, V., Sánchez-Andreo, J. M., Villar-Lucas, M., Montealegre, M. C., Rubio-Martín, A., Morales, C. R., Casla-Barrio, S., & Pareja-Galeano, H. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14214635 · Cited by 16
Possible gastrointestinal disorders for athletes during Ramadan: an overview
Chtourou, H., Chtourou, L., Trabelsi, K., Tahri, N., & Souissi, N. (2017) · Biological Rhythm Research · doi:10.1080/09291016.2017.1333196 · Cited by 16
Sports Drink Intake Pattern Affects Exogenous Carbohydrate Oxidation during Running
Mears, S. A., Boxer, B., Sheldon, D., Wardley, H., Tarnowski, C. A., James, L. J., & Hulston, C. J. (2020) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002334 · Cited by 16
Are the Consumption Patterns of Sports Supplements Similar among Spanish Mountain Runners?
Jiménez-Alfageme, R., Rubio-Quintanilla, N., Romero-García, D., Sánchez-Oliver, A. J., Sospedra, I., & Sanz, J. M. M. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15020262 · Cited by 16
Sex difference in top performers from Ironman to double deca iron ultra-triathlon
Knechtle, B., Zingg, M. A., Rosemann, T. J., & Rüst, C. A. (2014) · Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.2147/oajsm.s65977 · Cited by 16
McLeman, L., Ratcliffe, K., & Clifford, T. (2019) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-019-00537-1 · Cited by 15
Smarkusz-Zarzecka, J., Ostrowska, L., Leszczyńska, J., & Cwalina, U. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19159363 · Cited by 17
The effects of isomaltulose ingestion on gastric parameters and cycling performance in young men
Miyashita, M., Hamada, Y., Fujihira, K., Namura, S., Sakazaki, M., Miyasaka, K., & Nagai, Y. (2019) · Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness · doi:10.1016/j.jesf.2019.06.001 · Cited by 14
Kamaruddin, H. K., Ooi, C. H., Mündel, T., Aziz, A. R., & Muhamed, A. M. C. (2019) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04161-2 · Cited by 15
Langley, J. O., Branthwaite, H. R., Chockalingam, N., & Forsyth, J. J. (2023) · Footwear Science · doi:10.1080/19424280.2023.2219651 · Cited by 14
Citarella, R., Itani, L., Intini, V., Zucchinali, G., Scevaroli, S., Tannir, H., Masri, D. E., Kreidieh, D., & Ghoch, M. E. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.01.029 · Cited by 14
Hanley, B., Bissas, A., & Merlino, S. (2020) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2020.00102 · Cited by 13
Can more than one incremental cycling test be performed within one day?
Scharhag‐Rosenberger, F., Carlsohn, A., Lundby, C., Schüler, S., Mayer, F., & Scharhag, J. (2013) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2013.853208 · Cited by 14
MULTIPLE TRANSPORTABLE CARBOHYDRATES AND THEIR BENEFITS
Jeukendrup, A. E. (2013) · Cited by 13
Maximizing Athletic Performance in the Heat
Pryor, R. R., Casa, D. J., Adams, W. M., Belval, L. N., DeMartini, J. K., Huggins, R. A., Stearns, R. L., & Vandermark, L. W. (2013) · Strength and conditioning journal · doi:10.1519/ssc.0000000000000016 · Cited by 13
Commentaries on Viewpoint: Physiology and fast marathons
Santos‐Concejero, J., González‐Mohíno, F., González‐Ravé, J. M., Perrey, S., Dewolf, A. H., Yates, B. A., Ušaj, A., Debevec, T., González-Rayas, J. M., Rayas‐Gómez, A. L., et al. (2020) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00167.2020 · Cited by 13
The Effectiveness of the Triangle Run Exercise Method in Improving Aerobic Resistance Soccer Player
Hardinata, R., Gustian, U., & Perdana, R. P. (2021) · JUARA Jurnal Olahraga · doi:10.33222/juara.v6i1.1180 · Cited by 13
Beta‐alanine did not improve high‐intensity performance throughout simulated road cycling
Perim, P., Gobbi, N., Duarte, B., de Oliveira, L. F., Costa, L. A. R., Sale, C., Gualano, B., Dolan, E., & Saunders, B. (2021) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2021.1940304 · Cited by 19
Nutrition for Adventure Racing
Ranchordas, M. K. (2012) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/11635130-000000000-00000 · Cited by 13
The Effect of Oral Carbohydrate Solutions on the Performance of Swimmers
Afshari, L., Mohammadi, S., Shakerian, S., & Amani, R. (2014) · Annals of Applied Sport Science · doi:10.18869/acadpub.aassjournal.2.3.13 · Cited by 12
Programmed vs. Thirst-Driven Drinking during Prolonged Cycling in a Warm Environment
Jeker, D., Claveau, P., Abed, M. E. F., Deshayes, T. A., Lajoie, C., Gendron, P., Hoffman, M. D., & Goulet, E. D. B. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14010141 · Cited by 12
Wang, Y., Zhou, K., Wang, V., Bao, D., & Zhou, J. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191811542 · Cited by 17
Hypervolemia induced by fluid ingestion at rest: effect of sodium concentration
Sugihara, A., Fujii, N., Tsuji, B., Watanabe, K., Niwa, T., & Nishiyasu, T. (2014) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-014-2933-7 · Cited by 13
Holmes, N., Bates, G. P., Zhao, Y., Sherriff, J. L., & Miller, V. S. (2016) · eSpace (Curtin University) · Cited by 12
Effect of low- and high-carbohydrate diets on swimming economy: a crossover study
Bestard, M. A., Rothschild, J. A., & Crocker, G. H. (2020) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00392-3 · Cited by 13
Fernández-Landa, J., Todorović, N., Santibañez-Gutierrez, A., Ostojić, S. M., Calleja-González, J., Sekulic, D., & Mielgo‐Ayuso, J. (2023) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000004690 · Cited by 11
From dehydration to hyperhidration isotonic and diuretic drinks and hyperhydratant aids in sport.
Urdampilleta, A., & Gómez‐Zorita, S. (2014) · PubMed · doi:10.3305/nh.2014.29.1.6775 · Cited by 12
Mahoney, S. E., Carnes, A. J., Wójcicki, T. R., Frith, E., & Ferry, K. (2016) · doi:10.12691/jfnr-4-4-2 · Cited by 11
Reflection on sports nutrition: Where we come from, where we are, and where we are headed
Juzwiak, C. R. (2016) · Revista de Nutrição · doi:10.1590/1678-98652016000300013 · Cited by 11
How the Kenyan runner’s body structure affects sports results
Eksterowicz, J., Napierała, M., & Żukow, W. (2016) · Human Movement · doi:10.1515/humo-2016-0002 · Cited by 11
Government Dietary Guidelines: Uncertain Science Leads to Questionable Public Health PolicyPreprint
Archer, E., Marlow, M. L., & Williams, R. A. (2018) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3211651 · Cited by 11
Health Considerations in Female Runners
Kim, B. Y., & Nattiv, A. (2015) · Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2015.08.011 · Cited by 12
Connolly, D. (2012) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0b013e328356e068 · Cited by 10
Podlogar, T., Cooper-Smith, N., Gonzalez, J. T., & Wallis, G. A. (2025) · Performance Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s44410-025-00003-9 · Cited by 9
Olcina, G. J., Timón, R., Brazo‐Sayavera, J., Martínez‐Guardado, I., Marcos-Serrano, M., & Crespo, C. (2018) · Research in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1080/15438627.2018.1447472 · Cited by 9
Ferreira, A. M., Farias-Junior, L. F., Mota, T. A. A., Elsangedy, H. M., Marcadenti, A., Lemos, T. M. A. M., Okano, A. H., & Fayh, A. P. T. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 9
The aspect of experience in ultra-triathlon races
Knechtle, B., Zingg, M. A., Rosemann, T. J., & Rüst, C. A. (2015) · SpringerPlus · doi:10.1186/s40064-015-1050-3 · Cited by 9
Nutritional Recommendations for Athletes
Campbell, S. C., & Wisniewski, P. J. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802928-2.00013-8 · Cited by 12
Requirements of Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Fats for Athletes
Kerksick, C. M. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813922-6.00038-2 · Cited by 18
Sports Nutrition and Performance
Arcusa, R., Rentero, M. P. Z., & Hernández, J. M. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.84467 · Cited by 12
A Food First Approach to Carbohydrate Supplementation in Endurance Exercise: A Systematic Review
Reynolds, K. M., Clifford, T., Mears, S. A., & James, L. J. (2022) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2021-0261 · Cited by 10
Durkalec‐Michalski, K., Główka, N., Nowaczyk, P. M., Laszczak, A., Gogojewicz, A., & Suliburska, J. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15010006 · Cited by 9
Nutrition habits in 24-hour mountain bike racers
Chlíbková, D., Knechtle, B., Rosemann, T. J., Tomášková, I., Chadim, V., & Shortall, M. (2014) · SpringerPlus · doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-715 · Cited by 9
Finger, D., Lanferdini, F. J., Farinha, J. B., Brusco, C. M., Helal, L. C. A. S., Boeno, F. P., Cadore, E. L., & Pinto, R. S. (2018) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2017-0835 · Cited by 10
Ravikanti, S., Silang, K. G., Martyn, H. J., Johnson, K. O., Louis, J. B., Bampouras, T. M., Owens, D. J., JONES, A. M., Morton, J. P., & Pugh, J. N. (2025) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00665.2025 · Cited by 8
Muros, J. J., Knox, E. C. L., Hinojosa-Nogueira, D., Rufián‐Henares, J. Á., & Zabala, M. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-94660-0 · Cited by 8
Dodds, P. S., Schoeller, D. A., Shriver, T. C., & Ruby, B. C. (2023) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2022-0310 · Cited by 8
Nutritional Recovery Considerations for Intermittent Exercise and Sport
Kessinger, T. K. (2018) · Strategies · doi:10.1080/08924562.2018.1515678 · Cited by 8
When sport becomes a way of life – a lifestyle market segmentation approach
Myburgh, E., Kruger, M., & Saayman, M. (2019) · Managing Sport and Leisure · doi:10.1080/23750472.2019.1590156 · Cited by 8
Is the Mediterranean Diet Pattern a Good Choice for Athletes?
Bifulco, M., Cerullo, G., & Abate, M. (2019) · Nutrition Today · doi:10.1097/nt.0000000000000342 · Cited by 8
Mears, S. A., Worley, J., Mason, G. S., Hulston, C. J., & James, L. J. (2020) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2019-0802 · Cited by 8
Analysis of nutritional intake in trail runners during competition
Sanz, J. M. M., Jiménez-Alfageme, R., López, L. A., & Ayuso, J. M. (2020) · Nutrición Hospitalaria · doi:10.20960/nh.03388 · Cited by 10
de Oliveira, G. T., de Souza, H. L. R., Meireles, A. A. F. D. M., dos Santos, M. H. P., Leite, L. H. R., Ferreira, R. M. R., & Marocolo, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2023.1257007 · Cited by 7
Carbohydrate Ingestion on Exercise Metabolism and Physical Performance
Noakes, T. D., Prins, P., Buga, A., D'Agostino, D. P., Volek, J. S., & Koutnik, A. P. (2025) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnaf038 · Cited by 11
Effects of the Timing of Carbohydrate Intake on Metabolism and Performance in Soccer Players
Noh, K.-W., Oh, J., & Park, S. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15163610 · Cited by 9
Jiménez-Alfageme, R., Garrone, F. P., Rodríguez-Sánchez, N., Romero-García, D., Sospedra, I., Giménez-Monzó, D., Ayala-Guzmán, C. I., & Sanz, J. M. M. (2025) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-024-00801-w · Cited by 10
Mateo‐March, M., Moya‐Ramón, M., Sánchez‐Jiménez, J. L., Peña‐González, I., & Javaloyes, A. (2025) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.70057 · Cited by 7
Estranged Labor, Habitus, and Verstehen in the Rise of Extreme Endurance Sports
Eren, C. P. (2017) · Journal of Sport and Social Issues · doi:10.1177/0193723517719663 · Cited by 7
The benefits of nutritional counselling for improving sport performance
Soldati, L., Pivari, F., Parodi, C., Brasacchio, C., Dogliotti, E., Simone, P. D., Rossi, M., Vezzoli, G., & Paoli, A. (2019) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.19.09507-0 · Cited by 7
Salagaras, B. S., MacKenzie‐Shalders, K. L., Slater, G., McLellan, C., & Coffey, V. G. (2021) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2021-0316 · Cited by 7
[Effects of branched amino acids in endurance sports: a review].
Salinas-García, M. E., Sanz, J. M. M., Urdampilleta, A., Mielgo‐Ayuso, J., Norte, A., & Ortiz-Moncada, R. (2014) · PubMed · doi:10.3305/nh.2015.31.2.7852 · Cited by 9
Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on performance and body composition in trained cyclists
Sitko, S., Cirer-Sastre, R., & López‐Laval, I. (2019) · Nutrición Hospitalaria · doi:10.20960/nh.02762 · Cited by 9
Nutritional Strategies and Sex Hormone Interactions in Women
Rehrer, N. J., McLay-Cooke, R. T., & Sims, S. T. (2017) · Sex Hormones, Exercise and Women · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44558-8_6 · Cited by 6
Langa, D., Naczyk, M., Szymczak, R. K., Karbowska, J., & Kochan, Z. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17020208 · Cited by 6
Reynolds, K. M., Funnell, M. P., Collins, A. J., Mears, S. A., Pugh, J. N., & James, L. J. (2024) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003632 · Cited by 6
Oosthuyse, T., & Millen, A. M. E. (2016) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2015-0491 · Cited by 6
Nutraceuticals for Healthy Sporting
Mudila, H., Prasher, P., Khati, B., Kumar, S., & Punetha, H. (2017) · Advances in human services and public health (AHSPH) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-2970-5.ch004 · Cited by 6
Preserved Left Atrial Mechanics Following a 5-h Laboratory Triathlon in Euhydrated Athletes
Sareban, M., Zügel, D., Hartveg, P., Zügel, M., Gary, T., Niebauer, J., Steinacker, J. M., & Treff, G. (2019) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/a-0750-5780 · Cited by 6
KONDO, S., Karasawa, T., Fukazawa, A., KOIKE, A., Tsutsui, M., & Terada, S. (2022) · Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology · doi:10.3177/jnsv.68.97 · Cited by 6
Alves, J., Pérez, F. J. G., Toro-Román, V., Bartolomé, I., Maynar-Mariño, M., & Barrientos, G. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16121895 · Cited by 7
Arévalo, C. (2013) · Informes de la Construcción · doi:10.3989/ic.12.006 · Cited by 8
Yerzhanova, Y., Sabyrbek, Z., & Milašius, K. (2018) · Science for Education Today · doi:10.15293/2226-3365.1801.13 · Cited by 6
Paris, H. L. R., Fulton, T. J., Chapman, R. F., Fly, A. D., Koceja, D. M., & Mickleborough, T. D. (2018) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00684.2018 · Cited by 6
Knechtle, B. (2013) · Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) · doi:10.5167/uzh-92140 · Cited by 6
Knechtle, B., Valero, D., Villiger, E., Thuany, M., Čuk, I., Forte, P. M., Andrade, M. S., Nikolaidis, P. Τ., Rosemann, T. J., & Weiss, K. (2025) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-025-00835-8 · Cited by 5
Rowland, A., Edwards, S., Prieto-Bellver, G., Menz, B. D., Rowland, A., Cornelisse, E., Karapetis, C. S., Wallen, M. P., & Hopkins, A. M. (2026) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2026.2630487 · Cited by 6
Röhrs, G., Keller, S., & Wahl, P. (2025) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2025-0009 · Cited by 5
Martínez-Olcina, M., Miralles-Amorós, L., Asencio-Mas, N., Vicente-Martínez, M., Sepulveda, R. A. Y., & Martínez‐Rodríguez, A. (2022) · Gels · doi:10.3390/gels8010050 · Cited by 5
Reynolds, K. M., Juett, L. A., Cobb, J., Hulston, C. J., Mears, S. A., & James, L. J. (2022) · Nutraceuticals · doi:10.3390/nutraceuticals2030015 · Cited by 5
Nutritional support for a person with type 1 diabetes undertaking endurance swimming
RILSTONE, S. K., Spurway, P., Oliver, N. S., & Hill, N. E. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1038294 · Cited by 5
Sanz, J. D. S., Díaz, I. M., Casado, C. M., Poncela, A. V., & Lorenzana, A. (2013) · Informes de la Construcción · doi:10.3989/ic.12.025 · Cited by 7
Eating habits of young male long-distance runners
Gacek, M. K. (2017) · Medycyna Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu · doi:10.5604/20834543.1235626 · Cited by 5
Training, Changes in Nutritional Requirements and Dietary Support of Physical Exercise
Margaritis, I. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-810422-4.00012-9 · Cited by 5
Wiącek, J., Szurkowska, J., Kryściak, J., Gałęcka, M., & Karolkiewicz, J. (2023) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.14594 · Cited by 5
[ENERGY AND MACRONUTRIENT INTAKE IN FEMALE ATHLETES].
Asencio, L. B., & García-Galbis, M. R. (2015) · PubMed · doi:10.3305/nh.2015.32.5.9280 · Cited by 5
Liao, Y., Mündel, T., Yang, Y.-T., Wei, C.-C., & Tsai, S.-C. (2019) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2019.1595338 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Jeukendrup, A. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Jeukendrup, Asker E.
- Venue
- Journal of Sports Sciences
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- sup1
- Pages
- S91-9
- ISSN
- 0264-0414 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-447X
- OpenAlex
- W2140687405
- Cited by
- 388
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 9.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Sports Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Keywords
- marathon running, triathlon, road cycling, dehydration, carbohydrate depletion, gastrointestinal problems, hyperthermia, hyponatremia, muscle glycogen, supercompensation, carbohydrate intake, sweat loss
- MeSH terms
- Energy Intake, Dehydration, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Fatigue, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Glycogen, Humans, Nutritional Requirements, Nutritional Status, Physical Endurance, Sports, Sweat, Sweating, Weight Loss, Guidelines as Topic, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fatigue, Athletic Performance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
