Physical Activity and Fitness for Health and Longevity

Physical Activity, All-Cause Mortality, and Longevity of College Alumni

Paffenbarger, R. S., Hyde, R., Wing, A. L., & Hsieh, C.-C. (1986) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198603063141003 · Cited by 2,742

Physical Fitness and All-Cause Mortality: A Prospective Study of Healthy Men and Women

Blair, S. N. (1989) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1989.03430170057028 · Cited by 2,658

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AS AN INDEX OF HEART ATTACK RISK IN COLLEGE ALUMNI1

PAFFENBARGER, R. S., WING, A. L., & HYDE, R. T. (1978) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112608 · Cited by 1,980

The Association of Changes in Physical-Activity Level and Other Lifestyle Characteristics with Mortality among Men

Paffenbarger, R. S., Hyde, R. T., Wing, A. L., Lee, I.-M., Jung, D. L., & Kampert, J. B. (1993) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199302253280804 · Cited by 1,972

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF OSTEOPOROSIS AND OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES

Cummings, S. R., Kelsey, J. L., Nevitt, M. C., & O’Dowd, K. J. (1985) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036281 · Cited by 1,701

CORONARY HEART-DISEASE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF WORK

Morris, J. N., Heady, J. A., Raffle, P. A. B., Roberts, C., & Parks, J. W. (1953) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(53)90665-5 · Cited by 1,699

Physical activity and reduced occurrence of non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Helmrich, S. P., Ragland, D. R., Leung, R. W., & Paffenbarger, R. S. (1991) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199107183250302 · Cited by 1,634

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

Rennie, S., & Behets, F. (2006) · Bulletin of the World Health Organization · doi:10.2471/blt.00.00000 · Cited by 1,602

Physical Activity and the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease

Powell, K. E., Thompson, P. D., Caspersen, C. J., & Kendrick, J. S. (1987) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev.pu.08.050187.001345 · Cited by 1,457

A meta-analysis of physical activity in the prevention of coronary heart disease.

BERLIN, J. A., & COLDITZ, G. A. (1990) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115704 · Cited by 1,382

Physical activity and incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women

Manson, J. E., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., Willett, W. C., Rosner, B., Hennekens, C. H., Speizer, F. E., Rimm, E. B., & Krolewski, A. S. (1991) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)90664-b · Cited by 1,164

Leisure-time physical activity levels and risk of coronary heart disease and death. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial

Leon, A. S. (1987) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.258.17.2388 · Cited by 842

Medicine and science in sports and exercise

(1994) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/0002-8223(94)92400-7 · Cited by 824

Relation of Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness to the Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Men

Lakka, T. A., Venalainen, J. M., Rauramaa, R., Salonen, R., Tuomilehto, J., & Salonen, J. T. (1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199406023302201 · Cited by 793

Physical Fitness as a Predictor of Mortality among Healthy, Middle-Aged Norwegian Men

Sandvik, L., Erikssen, J., Thaulow, E., Erikssen, G., Mundal, R., & Rodahl, K. (1993) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199302253280803 · Cited by 788

A Prospective Study of Exercise and Incidence of Diabetes Among US Male Physicians

Manson, J. E. (1992) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1992.03490010065031 · Cited by 778

CORONARY HEART-DISEASE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF WORK

Morris, J. N., Heady, J. A., Raffle, P. A. B., Roberts, C. G., & Parks, J. W. (1953) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(53)91495-0 · Cited by 776

Physical activity, fitness, and health: international proceedings and consensus statement

(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-0972 · Cited by 739

VIGOROUS EXERCISE IN LEISURE-TIME: PROTECTION AGAINST CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Morris, J. N., Pollard, R., Everitt, M. G., Chave, S. P. W., & Semmence, A. (1980) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(80)92476-9 · Cited by 707

Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health

Bouchard, C., Shephard, R. J., & Brubaker, P. H. (1994) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199401000-00024 · Cited by 703

Physical Fitness as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Mortality in Asymptomatic North American Men

Ekelund, L.-G., Haskell, W. L., Johnson, J. L., Whaley, F. S., Criqui, M. H., Sheps, D. S., & Study, T. L. R. C. M. F.-U. (1988) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198811243192104 · Cited by 682

Changes in Plasma Lipids and Lipoproteins in Overweight Men during Weight Loss through Dieting as Compared with Exercise

Wood, P. D., Stefanick, M. L., Dreon, D. M., Frey-Hewitt, B., Garay, S. C., Williams, P. T., Superko, H. R., Fortmann, S. P., Albers, J. J., Vranizan, K. M., et al. (1988) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198811033191801 · Cited by 675

Exercise Intensity and Longevity in Men

Lee, I.-M. M. (1995) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.273.15.1179 · Cited by 668

The effects on plasma lipoproteins of a prudent weight-reducing diet, with or without exercise, in overweight men and women

Wood, P. D., Stefanick, M. L., Williams, P. T., & Haskell, W. L. (1991) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199108153250703 · Cited by 520

Exercise, Fitness, and Health

Bouchard, C., Shepard, R. J., Stephens, T. W., Sutton, J. R., & McPherson, B. D. (1991) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199105000-00026 · Cited by 499

VIGOROUS EXERCISE IN LEISURE-TIME AND THE INCIDENCE OF CORONARY HEART-DISEASE

Morris, J. N., Chave, S. P. W., Adam, C., Sirey, C., Epstein, L. H., & Sheehan, D. J. (1973) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(73)90128-1 · Cited by 456

The Effects on Plasma Lipoproteins of a Prudent Weight-Reducing Diet, With or Without Exercise, in Overweight Men and Women

&NA; (1992) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/00043764-199203000-00003 · Cited by 456

Mortality among the elderly in the Alameda County Study: behavioral and demographic risk factors.

Kaplan, G. A., Seeman, T. E., Cohen, R. D., Knudsen, L. P., & Guralnik, J. M. (1987) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.77.3.307 · Cited by 455

Coronary Heart Disease and Physical Activity of Work

Morris, J. N., & Crawford, M. D. (1958) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5111.1485 · Cited by 446

Physical activity and personal characteristics associated with depression and suicide in American college men

Paffenbarger, R. S., Lee, I.-M. M., & Leung, R. (1994) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb05796.x · Cited by 438

Exercise in leisure time: coronary attack and death rates.

Morris, J. N., Clayton, D. G., Everitt, M. G., Semmence, A., & Burgess, E. (1990) · Heart · doi:10.1136/hrt.63.6.325 · Cited by 434

BIRTH CONTROL FOR PROBLEM PARENTS

MARSHALL, A. H., & Dayan, A. D. (1964) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(64)92626-1 · Cited by 381

Physical activity and ischaemic heart disease in middle-aged British men.

Shaper, A. G., Wannamethee, S. G., & Weatherall, R. (1991) · Heart · doi:10.1136/hrt.66.5.384 · Cited by 293

Work Activity of Longshoremen as Related to Death from Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke

Paffenbarger, R. S., Laughlin, M. E., Gima, A. S., & Black, R. A. (1970) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197005142822001 · Cited by 281

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND RISK OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, CEREBRAL STROKE AND DEATH

Salonen, J., Puska, P., & Tuomilehto, J. (1982) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113334 · Cited by 250

Changes in physical activity and other lifeway patterns influencing longevity

Paffenbarger, R. S., Kampert, J. B., Lee, I.-M. M., Hyde, R. T., Leung, R., & Wing, A. L. (1994) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199407000-00008 · Cited by 231

Leisure time physical activity and coronary heart disease death. The US Railroad Study.

Slattery, M. L., Jacobs, D. R., & Nichaman, M. Z. (1989) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.79.2.304 · Cited by 228

Exercise in the prevention of coronary heart disease: today's best buy in public health.

Morris, J. N. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 226

10 Exercise, Bone Mineral Density, and Osteoporosis

Snow-Harter, C., & Marcus, R. (1991) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/00003677-199101000-00010 · Cited by 190

REDUCTION OF PREMATURE MORTALITY BY HIGH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: A 20-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF MIDDLE-AGED FINNISH MEN

Pekkanen, J., Nissinen, A., Marti, B., Tuomilehto, J., Punsar, S., & Karvonen, M. (1987) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(87)92218-5 · Cited by 182

Physical activity, body weight, and adiposity: an epidemiologic perspective.

DiPietro, L. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 175

Physical Activity Levels and Changes in Relation to Longevity: A Prospective Study of Swedish Women

Lissner, L., Bengtsson, C., Björkelund, C., & Wedel, H. (1996) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008657 · Cited by 172

Cardiovascular benefits and assessment of physical activity and physical fitness in adults

Haskell, W. L., Leon, A. S., Caspersen, C. J., Froelicher, V. F., Hagberg, J. M., HARLAN, W., Holloszy, J. O., Regensteiner, J. G., Thompson, P. D., Washburn, R. A., et al. (1992) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199206001-00004 · Cited by 166

PHYSICAL FITNESS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE MORTALITY

Slattery, M. L., & Jacobs, D. R. (1988) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114832 · Cited by 164

Exercise in the prevention of coronary heart disease

Morris, J. N. (1994) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199407000-00001 · Cited by 162

Physical Activity and 10.5 Year Mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT)

Leon, A. S., & Connett, J. E. (1991) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/20.3.690 · Cited by 159

Self-report of physical activity and patterns of mortality in seventh-day adventist men

Lindsted, K. D., Tonstad, S., & Kuzma, J. W. (1991) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/0895-4356(91)90074-j · Cited by 156

WALKING, CYCLING, OR GARDENING, WITH OR WITHOUT SEASONAL INTERRUPTION, IN RELATION TO ACUTE CORONARY EVENTS

Magnus, K., Matroos, A. W., & STRACKEE, J. (1979) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112853 · Cited by 154

2 Exercise and the Neurobiology of Depression

Dunn, A. L., & Dishman, R. K. (1991) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/00003677-199101000-00002 · Cited by 151

Exercise, training and hypertension: an update.

Tipton, C. M. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 145

Exercise and Sports Science Reviews

Frisch, S. G. (1989) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00002060-198904000-00017 · Cited by 143

1993 C. H. McCloy Research Lecture: Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Health

Blair, S. N. (1993) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.1993.10607589 · Cited by 126

Lifelong exercise and stroke

Shinton, R., & Sagar, G. (1993) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.307.6898.231 · Cited by 124

Physical fitness or physical activity as a predictor of ischaemic heart disease? A 17‐year follow‐up in the Copenhagen Male Study

Hein, H. O., Suadicani, P., & Gyntelberg, F. (1992) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00619.x · Cited by 124

Exercise and Weight Control

Stefanick, M. L. (1993) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/00003677-199301000-00012 · Cited by 122

Physical activity and its relation to cancer risk: a prospective study of college alumni.

Lee, I. M., & Paffenbarger, R. S. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 120

On crossed aphasia

Bramwell, B. (1899) · The Lancet · Cited by 120

Prevention of Myocardial Infarction

(1996) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195085822.001.0001 · Cited by 100

Exercise for health

Blair, S. N., Bouchard, C., Gyarfas, I., Hollmann, R., Iwane, H., Knuttgen, H. G., Lüschen, G. H. S. G. R. F., Mester, J., Morris, J. N., Paffenbarger, R. S., et al. (1995) · Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina) · Cited by 88

Ranitidine side-effects.

Moebius, U. (1982) · PubMed · Cited by 88

Vigorous exercise in leisure time and the death rate: a study of male civil servants.

Chave, S. P. W., Morris, J. N., Moss, S. J., & Semmence, A. (1978) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.32.4.239 · Cited by 76

13 Exercise, Training and Hypertension

Tipton, C. M. (1991) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/00003677-199101000-00013 · Cited by 73

The potential role of physical activity in the prevention of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: the epidemiological evidence.

Kriska, A. M., Blair, S. N., & Pereira, M. A. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 64

Do Physical Activity and Physical Fitness Avert Premature Mortality?

Lee, I. M., & Paffenbarger, R. S. (1996) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/00003677-199600240-00007 · Cited by 55

The Impact of Exercise on the Immune System

Shephard, R. J., Rhind, S. G., & Shek, P. N. (1995) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/00003677-199500230-00009 · Cited by 51

Length of Life, A Study of the Life Table.

Pearl, R., Dublin, L. I., & Lotka, A. J. (1936) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2278394 · Cited by 41

674 ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND PLASMA INSULIN LEVELS IN A POPULATION AT HIGH RISK FOR NIDDM

Kriska, A. M., Gregg, E. W., Utter, A. C., Knowler, W. C., Narayan, V., & Bennett, P. H. (1994) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199405001-00676 · Cited by 24

Physical Activity and Longevity of College Alumni

(1986) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198608073150618 · Cited by 20

Length of Life: A Study of the Life Table

(1936) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1936.02770130068031 · Cited by 16

Sedentary lifestyle: an underestimated health risk

Saltin, B. (1992) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00618.x · Cited by 12

Health, Exercise, and the Biomedical Impulse, 1870-1914

Park, R. J. (1990) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.1990.10608666 · Cited by 9

Changes in Physical Fitness and All-Cause Mortality: A Prospective Study of Healthy and Unhealthy Men

Blair, S. N. (1995) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03520380029031 · Cited by 3

Exercise Standards for Testing and Training: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Fletcher, G. F., Ades, P. A., Kligfield, P., Arena, R., Balady, G. J., Bittner, V. A., Coke, L. A., Fleg, J. L., Forman, D. E., Gerber, T. C., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31829b5b44 · Cited by 2,235

Exercise Standards for Testing and Training: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association

Fletcher, G. F., Balady, G. J., Amsterdam, E. A., Chaitman, B., Eckel, R., Fleg, J., Froelicher, V. F., Leon, A. S., Piña, I. L., Rodney, R., et al. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/hc3901.095960 · Cited by 1,923

Walking to Health

Morris, J. N., & Hardman, A. E. (1997) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-199723050-00004 · Cited by 727

Association of early childhood diarrhea and cryptosporidiosis with impaired physical fitness and cognitive function four-seven years later in a poor urban community in northeast Brazil.

Guerrant, D. I., Moore, S. R., Lima, A. Â. M., Patrick, P. D., Schorling, J. B., & Guerrant, R. L. (1999) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1999.61.707 · Cited by 470

Aging, physical activity, and health

Shephard, R. J. (1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.35-2157 · Cited by 246

Physical Activity, Sport, and Health: Toward the Next Century

Haskell, W. L. (1996) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.1996.10608852 · Cited by 55

Longevity and Athletics

Karpovich, P. V. (1941) · Research Quarterly American Association for Health Physical Education and Recreation · doi:10.1080/10671188.1941.10624698 · Cited by 3

Selected papers from the 1996 International Pre-Olympic Scientific Congress: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health. Dallas, Texas, July 1996.

(1996) · PubMed

Selected papers from the 1996 International Pre-Olympic Scientific Congress, Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, Dallas, TX, July 1996

Morrow, J. R. (1996) · American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance eBooks · Cited by 2

Physical Activity and Functional Independence in Aging

FIATARONE, M. A. (1996) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.1996.10608856 · Cited by 29