Gender differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes among extremely preterm, extremely‐low‐birthweight infants
Abstract
AIM: To determine whether gender-specific responses to perinatal and neonatal events and exposures explain the male disadvantage in early childhood outcomes. METHODS: Infants were in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Neonatal Research Network, born 1/1/1997-12/31/2000, <28 wk, with neurodevelopmental follow-up at 18-22 mo corrected age. We evaluated and compared univariate and multivariate associations of risk factors with neurodevelopmental outcomes for girls and boys. Neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) was one or more of the following: moderate--severe cerebral palsy (CP), Bayley Mental (MDI) or Psychomotor (PDI) Development Indices <70, deafness or blindness. RESULTS: Boys (n=1216) were more likely than girls (n=1337) to have adverse outcomes (moderate--severe CP: 10.7% vs 7.3%; MDI < 70: 41.9% vs 27.1%; NDI: 48.1% vs 34.1%). Major risk factors were also more common in boys. Independent multivariate associations of risk factors with outcome differed by gender, but not consistently in favor of girls. In multivariate models including both girls and boys, male gender remained an independent risk factor for MDI < 70 (2.0, 95% CI 1.6-2.5) and NDI (1.8, 95% CI 1.5-2.2). CONCLUSION: Perinatal, neonatal and early childhood factors confer similar incremental risk or protection to boys and girls, but boys appear to have inherently greater baseline risk. Unmeasured biological variables likely contribute to the preterm male neurodevelopmental outcome disadvantage.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Biologically, male infants are more vulnerable neurodevelopmentally than female infants, especially in situations of existing biological risk, such as being born premature.
“Biologically, male infants are more vulnerable neurodevelopmentally than female infants, especially in situations of existing biological risk, such as being born premature (Hintz et al. 2006).”
From Early Family Experiences and Neural Activity in Rural Pakistani Children: The Differential Role of Gender (2024) · cites this paper as Hintz et al. 2006
Female infants' brains are less vulnerable to neurodevelopmental risk in several contexts.
“Female infants' brains have been found to be less vulnerable to neurodevelopmental risk in several contexts (Hintz et al. 2006).”
From Early Family Experiences and Neural Activity in Rural Pakistani Children: The Differential Role of Gender (2024) · cites this paper as Hintz et al. 2006
Cites
Palisano, R. J., Rosenbaum, P., Walter, S. D., Russell, D., Wood, E. P., & Galuppi, B. E. (1997) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07414.x · Cited by 6,728 · see citing works
Papile, L. A., Burstein, J., Burstein, R., & Koffler, H. (1978) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(78)80282-0 · Cited by 6,435 · see citing works
Neurologic and Developmental Disability at Six Years of Age after Extremely Preterm Birth
Marlow, N., Dieter Wolke, C., Bracewell, M. A., & Samara, M. M. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa041367 · Cited by 1,897 · see citing works
Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Treatment Based on Staging Criteria
Walsh, M. C., & Kliegman, R. M. (1986) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(16)34975-6 · Cited by 1,870 · see citing works
Lemons, J. A., Bauer, C. R., Oh, W., Korones, S. B., Papile, L. A., Stoll, B. J., Verter, J. I., Temprosa, M. G., Wright, L. L., Ehrenkranz, R. A., et al. (2001) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.107.1.e1 · Cited by 1,441 · see citing works
Neurologic and Developmental Disability after Extremely Preterm Birth
Wood, N. S., Marlow, N., Costeloe, K., Gibson, A. T., & Wilkinson, A. R. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200008103430601 · Cited by 1,351 · see citing works
Outcomes in Young Adulthood for Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
Hack, M., Flannery, D. J., SCHLUCHTER, M. D., Cartar, L., Borawski, E. A., & Klein, N. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa010856 · Cited by 1,200 · see citing works
Vohr, B. R., Wright, L. L., Dusick, A. M., Mele, L., Verter, J. I., Steichen, J. J., Simon, N. P., Wilson-Costello, D., Broyles, S., Bauer, C. R., et al. (2000) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.105.6.1216 · Cited by 1,143 · see citing works
Self-citationHack, M., Taylor, H. G., Drotar, D., Schluchter, M., Cartar, L., Wilson-Costello, D. E., Klein, N., Friedman, H., Minich, N. M., & Morrow, M. (2005) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2005-0173 · Cited by 604 · see citing works
Cerebral White Matter Injury of the Premature Infant—More Common Than You Think
Volpe, J. J. (2003) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.112.1.176 · Cited by 538 · see citing works
Fanaroff, A. A., Wright, L. L., Stevenson, D. K., Shankaran, S., Donovan, E. P., Ehrenkranz, R. A., Younes, N., Korones, S. B., Stoll, B. J., Tyson, J. E., et al. (1995) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(95)90628-2 · Cited by 519 · see citing works
Gender differences in age effect on brain atrophy measured by magnetic resonance imaging.
Gur, R., Mozley, P., Resnick, S., Gottlieb, G., Kohn, M., Zimmerman, R. A., Herman, G., Atlas, S. J., Grossman, R., & Berretta, D. (1991) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.7.2845 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Wood, N. S., Costeloe, K., Gibson, A. T., Hennessy, E. M., Marlow, N., & Wilkinson, A. R. (2005) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/adc.2004.052407 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Inder, T. E., Anderson, N. J., Spencer, C., Wells, S., & Volpe, J. J. (2003) · PubMed Central · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Stevenson, D., Wright, L., Lemons, J., Oh, W., Korones, S., Papile, L., Bauer, C., Stoll, B., Tyson, J., Shankaran, S., et al. (1998) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70037-7 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Neurodevelopment and Predictors of Outcomes of Children With Birth Weights of Less Than 1000 g
Hack, M., Wilson-Costello, D. E., Friedman, H., Taylor, G. H., SCHLUCHTER, M. D., & Fanaroff, A. A. (2000) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.154.7.725 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Sex differences in aging of the human frontal and temporal lobes
Cowell, P. E., Turetsky, B. I., Gur, R., Grossman, R. I., Shtasel, D. L., & Gur, R. (1994) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.14-08-04748.1994 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
The Bayley Scales of Infant Development II
GAUTHIER, S. M., Bauer, C. R., Messinger, D. S., & CLOSIUS, J. M. (1999) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-199904000-00001 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Hoekstra, R. E., Ferrara, T., Couser, R. J., Payne, N. R., & Connett, J. E. (2004) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.113.1.e1 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Preterm male infants need more initial respiratory and circulatory support than female infants
Elsmén, E., Pupp, I. H., & Hellström-Westas, L. K. (2004) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1080/08035250410024998 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage by indomethacin in male preterm infants
Ment, L. R., Vohr, B. R., Makuch, R., Westerveld, M., Katz, K. H., Schneider, K. C., Duncan, C. C., Ehrenkranz, R. A., Oh, W. K., Philip, A. G. S., et al. (2004) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.07.035 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Self-citationPrognosis of the very low birthweight baby in relation to gender.
BROTHWOOD, M., Dieter Wolke, C., Gamsu, H. R., Benson, J. T., & Cooper, D. (1986) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.61.6.559 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Birth Weight Less Than 800 Grams: Changing Outcomes and Influences of Gender and Gestation Number
Hoffman, E. L., & Bennett, F. C. (1990) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.86.1.27 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Gender differences in cognitive abilities at 2 years in ELBW infants
Hindmarsh, G., O'Callaghan, M. J., Mohay, H. A., & Rogers, Y. (2000) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/s0378-3782(00)00105-5 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Ingemarsson, I., Herbst, A., & Thorngren‐Jerneck, K. (1997) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb10934.x · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group (1991) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)80044-7 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
FOLLOW-UP MANAGEMENT OF THE HIGH RISK INFANT.
Bain, J. (1988) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 58 · see citing works
El‐Khodor, B. F. (2003) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/s0014-4886(03)00079-7 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Bry, K., Lappalainen, U., Waffarn, F., Teramo, K., & Hallman, M. (1994) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/00006450-199401000-00029 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Predictors of Mortality, Morbidity, and Disability in a Cohort of Infants ≤ 28 Weeks' Gestation
Msall, M. E., Louis, G. M. B., Rogers, B., Duffy, L. C., Mallen, S. R., & Catanzaro, N. L. (1993) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/000992289303200903 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Larroque, B., Ancel, P., Marret, S., Marchand‐Martin, L., André, M., Arnaud, C., Pierrat, V., Rozé, J., Messer, J., Thiriez, G., et al. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60380-3 · Cited by 894 · see citing works
Preterm Birth and Childhood Psychiatric Disorders
Johnson, S. J., & Marlow, N. (2011) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/pdr.0b013e318212faa0 · Cited by 606 · see citing works
Serenius, F., Källén, K., Blennow, M., Ewald, U., Fellman, V., Holmström, G., Lindberg, E., Lundqvist, P., Maršál, K., Norman, M., et al. (2013) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2013.3786 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants Fed High-Dose Docosahexaenoic Acid
Makrides, M., Gibson, R. A., McPhee, A. J., Collins, C. T., Davis, P. G., Doyle, L. W., Simmer, K. N., Colditz, P. B., Morris, S. A., Smithers, L. G., et al. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2008.945 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Linsell, L., Malouf, R. S., Morris, J. K., Kurinczuk, J. J., & Marlow, N. (2015) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.2175 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Is there a viability–vulnerability tradeoff? Sex differences in fetal programming
Sandman, C. A., Glynn, L. M., & Davis, E. P. (2013) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.07.009 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Cognitive and behavioural outcomes following very preterm birth
Johnson, S. J. (2007) · Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.siny.2007.05.004 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
The gestational foundation of sex differences in development and vulnerability
DiPietro, J. A., & Voegtline, K. M. (2017) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.068 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Serenius, F., Ewald, U., Farooqi, A., Fellman, V., Hafström, M., Hellgren, K., Maršál, K., Ohlin, A., Olhager, E., Stjernqvist, K., et al. (2016) · JAMA Pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.1210 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Neonatal and infant outcome in boys and girls born very prematurely
Peacock, J. L., Marston, L., Marlow, N., Calvert, S., & Greenough, A. (2012) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/pr.2011.50 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Neurodevelopmental Disability Through 11 Years of Age in Children Born Before 26 Weeks of Gestation
Johnson, S. J., Fawke, J., Hennessy, E., Rowell, V., Thomas, S., Dieter Wolke, C., & Marlow, N. (2009) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2008-3743 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Cognitive and Educational Deficits in Children Born Extremely Preterm
Anderson, P. J., & Doyle, L. W. (2008) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1053/j.semperi.2007.12.009 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Mortality and Adverse Neurologic Outcomes Are Greater in Preterm Male Infants
Kent, A., Wright, I. M. R., Abdellatif, M., & the New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory Neonatal Intensive Care Units Audit Group (2011) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2011-1578 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Boese, A. C., Kim, S. C., Yin, K., Lee, J., & Hamblin, M. H. (2017) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00217.2016 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Support for the global feasibility of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire as developmental screener
Kerstjens, J. M., Bos, A. F., Vergert, E. M. T., de Meer, G., Butcher, P. R., & Reijneveld, S. A. (2009) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2009.03.001 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Cognitive Function After Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Very Preterm Birth
Morsing, E., Åsard, M., Ley, D., Stjernqvist, K., & Maršál, K. (2011) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-1821 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Anderson, P. J., Luca, C. R. D., Hutchinson, E. A., Spencer‐Smith, M. M., Roberts, G., Doyle, L. W., & Stud, V. I. C. (2011) · Developmental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/87565641.2011.540538 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Clinical Aspects
Volpe, J. J. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-3995-2.10009-3 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Linsell, L., Johnson, S. J., Dieter Wolke, C., O’Reilly, H., Morris, J. K., Kurinczuk, J. J., & Marlow, N. (2017) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/archdischild-2017-313414 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
The Effects of Estrogen in Ischemic Stroke
Koellhoffer, E. C., & McCullough, L. D. (2012) · Translational Stroke Research · doi:10.1007/s12975-012-0230-5 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Turtzo, L. C., & McCullough, L. D. (2008) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000155983 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Brain Volume Reductions within Multiple Cognitive Systems in Male Preterm Children at Age Twelve
Kesler, S. R., Reiss, A. L., Vohr, B. R., Watson, C., Schneider, K. C., Katz, K. H., Maller-Kesselman, J., Silbereis, J. C., Constable, R. T., Makuch, R., et al. (2007) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.08.009 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationLinsell, L., Malouf, R. S., Morris, J. K., Kurinczuk, J. J., & Marlow, N. (2016) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/dmcn.12972 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Kono, Y., Yonemoto, N., Kusuda, S., Hirano, S., Iwata, O., Tanaka, K., & Nakazawa, J. (2015) · Brain and Development · doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2015.10.010 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Behavior Disorders in Extremely Preterm/Extremely Low Birth Weight Children in Kindergarten
Scott, M., Taylor, H. G., Fristad, M. A., Klein, N., Espy, K. A., Minich, N. M., & Hack, M. (2012) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0b013e3182475287 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Gender disparities in preterm neonatal outcomes
O’Driscoll, D. N., McGovern, M., Greene, C. M., & Molloy, E. J. (2018) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.14390 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Rose, J., Butler, E. E., LaMont, L. E., Barnes, P. D., Atlas, S. W., & Stevenson, D. K. (2009) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03231.x · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Zwicker, J. G., GRUNAU, R. E., Adams, E., Chau, V., Brant, R., Poskitt, K. J., Synnes, A. R., & Miller, S. P. (2013) · Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.10.016 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Long-term Outcome of Brain Structure in Premature Infants
Nopoulos, P., Conrad, A. L., Bell, E. F., Strauss, R. G., Widness, J. A., Magnotta, V. A., Zimmerman, M. B., Georgieff, M., Lindgren, S. D., & Richman, L. C. (2011) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.269 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Lai, D.-C., Tseng, Y.-C., Hou, Y., & Guo, H. (2012) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2012.07.001 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Skiöld, B., Alexandrou, G., Padilla, N., Blennow, M., Vollmer, B., & Ådén, U. (2014) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.12.051 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Mercer, J., Vohr, B. R., Erickson‐Owens, D. A., Padbury, J. F., & Oh, W. (2009) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/jp.2009.170 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationProcedural pain and oral glucose in preterm neonates: brain development and sex-specific effects
Schneider, J., Duerden, E. G., Guo, T., Ng, K., Hagmann, P., Graz, M. B., GRUNAU, R. E., Chakravarty, M. M., Hüppi, P. S., Truttmann, A. C., et al. (2017) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001123 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Maternal obesity and increased risk for autism and developmental delay among very preterm infants
Reynolds, L. C., Inder, T. E., Neil, J. J., Pineda, R. G., & Rogers, C. E. (2014) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/jp.2014.80 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Extremely Preterm Infants
Vohr, B. R. (2013) · Clinics in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.clp.2013.09.003 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationGuillén, Ú. (2012) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.616 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Tuura, R., Bucher, H. U., Held, U., Koller, B. M., Hüppi, P. S., Hagmann, C. F., & the Swiss EPO Neuroprotection Trial Group (2014) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awu363 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Misra, D. P., Salafia, C. M., Miller, R. K., & CHARLES, A. K. (2009) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2009.09.008 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Reid, M., Murray, K. A., Marsh, E. D., Golden, J. A., Simmons, R. A., & Grinspan, J. B. (2012) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e31825cfa81 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Unimpaired Outcomes for Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants at 18 to 22 Months
Gargus, R. A., Vohr, B. R., Tyson, J. E., High, P. C., Higgins, R. D., Wrage, L. A., & Poole, W. K. (2009) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2008-2742 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Self-citationCerebral Palsy After Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke
Golomb, M. R., Garg, B. P., Saha, C., Azzouz, F., & Williams, L. S. (2008) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/0883073807309246 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Regional impairments of cortical folding in premature infants
Engelhardt, E., Inder, T. E., Alexopoulos, D., Dierker, D. L., Hill, J., Essen, D. C. V., & Neil, J. J. (2014) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.24313 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Lee, E. S., Yeatman, J. D., Luna, B., & Feldman, H. M. (2010) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.12.038 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Neurodevelopmental outcome at 12 and 18 months in late preterm infants
Romeo, D. M., Stefano, A. D., Conversano, M., Ricci, D., Mazzone, D., Romeo, M. G., & Mercuri, E. M. (2010) · European Journal of Paediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2010.02.002 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Gestational Age and Developmental Risk in Moderately and Late Preterm and Early Term Infants
Luisa Schonhaut, B., Armijo, I., & Pérez, M. (2015) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2014-1957 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Health related quality of life after extremely preterm birth: a matched controlled cohort study
Vederhus, B. J., Markestad, T., Eide, G. E., Graue, M., & Halvorsen, T. (2010) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/1477-7525-8-53 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Infant sex, obstetric risk factors, and 2‐year neurodevelopmental outcome among preterm infants
Spinillo, A., Montanari, L., Gardella, B., Roccio, M., Stronati, M., & Fazzi, E. M. (2009) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03273.x · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Antenatal Antecedents of Cognitive Impairment at 24 Months In Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns
Helderman, J., O’Shea, T. M., Kuban, K., Allred, E. N., Hecht, J. L., Dammann, O., Paneth, N., McElrath, T. F., Onderdonk, A., Leviton, A., et al. (2012) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2011-1796 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Birth weight- and fetal weight-growth restriction: Impact on neurodevelopment
Streimish, I., Ehrenkranz, R. A., Allred, E. N., O’Shea, T. M., Kuban, K., Paneth, N., & Leviton, A. (2012) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.04.004 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Sex-specific differences and developmental programming for diseases in later life
Sundrani, D. P., Roy, S., Jadhav, A. T., & Joshi, S. (2017) · Reproduction Fertility and Development · doi:10.1071/rd16265 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Källén, K., Serenius, F., Westgren, M., Maršál, K., & the EXPRESS Group (2015) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/aogs.12726 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Male Gender Is Associated With Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Mohamed, M. A., & Aly, H. Z. (2010) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2008-3369 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Neurodevelopmental and Perinatal Correlates of Simple Brain Metrics in Very Preterm Infants
Tich, S. N. T., Anderson, P. J., Hunt, R. W., Lee, K. J., Doyle, L. W., & Inder, T. E. (2011) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.9 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Sex differences in cerebral palsy on neuromotor outcome: a critical review
Romeo, D. M., Sini, F., Brogna, C., Albamonte, E., Ricci, D., & Mercuri, E. M. (2016) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/dmcn.13137 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Brummelte, S., GRUNAU, R. E., Synnes, A. R., Whitfield, M. F., & Petrie, J. (2011) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.01.030 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Sex differences in neonatal brain injury and inflammation
Kelly, L. A., Branagan, A., Semova, G., & Molloy, E. J. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1243364 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Biological and Social Influences on the Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants
Burnett, A., Cheong, J. L. Y., & Doyle, L. W. (2018) · Clinics in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.clp.2018.05.005 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Månsson, J., Fellman, V., Stjernqvist, K., & the EXPRESS Study Group (authors) (2015) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.12937 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Changes in neonatal regional brain volume associated with preterm birth and perinatal factors
Alexander, B., Kelly, C. E., Adamson, C. L., Beare, R. J., Zannino, D., Chen, J., Murray, A. L., Loh, W. Y., Matthews, L. G., Warfield, S. K., et al. (2018) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.07.021 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Ribeiro, L. A., Zachrisson, H., Schjølberg, S., Aase, H., Rohrer-Baumgartner, N., & Magnus, P. (2011) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2431-11-59 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Persson, M., Opdahl, S., Risnes, K. R., Gross, R., Kajantie, E., Reichenberg, A., Gissler, M., & Sandin, S. (2020) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003207 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Community Supports After Surviving Extremely Low-Birth-Weight, Extremely Preterm Birth
Hintz, S. R. (2008) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.162.8.748 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationEarly psychomotor development of low-risk preterm infants: Influence of gestational age and gender
Romeo, D. M., Brogna, C., Sini, F., Romeo, M. G., Cota, F., & Ricci, D. (2016) · European Journal of Paediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.04.011 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Magnetic resonance diffusion tractography of the preterm infant brain: a systematic review
Pannek, K., Scheck, S. M., Colditz, P. B., Boyd, R. N., & Rose, S. (2013) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/dmcn.12250 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Effects of Maternal Ω‐3 Supplementation on Fatty Acids and on Visual and Cognitive Development
Hurtado, J. A., Iznaola, C., Peña‐Caballero, M., Ruiz, J. M. T., Quintana, L. P., Kajarabille, N., Rodríguez‐Santana, Y., Sanjurjo, P., Aldamiz-Echevarria, L. J., Ochoa, J. J., et al. (2015) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000000864 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Sex-specific responses to stroke
Turtzo, L. C., & McCullough, L. D. (2009) · Future Neurology · doi:10.2217/fnl.09.66 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Edlow, A. G., Guedj, F., Pennings, J. L. A., Sverdlov, D., Neri, C., & Bianchi, D. W. (2016) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2016.02.054 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Velikos, K., Soubasi, V., Michalettou, I., Sarafidis, K., Nakas, C. T., Papadopoulou, V., Zafeiriou, D., & Drossou, V. (2015) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2015.07.014 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Individual and Gender Differences Matter in Preterm Infant State Development
Foreman, S. W., Thomas, K. A., & Blackburn, S. T. (2008) · Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2008.00292.x · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Pain Exposure and Brain Connectivity in Preterm Infants
Selvanathan, T., Ufkes, S., Guo, T., Chau, V., Branson, H. M., Ibrahim, G. M., Ly, L. G., Kelly, E. N., GRUNAU, R. E., & Miller, S. P. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.2551 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Visual and cerebral sequelae of very low birth weight in adolescents
Hellgren, K. E., Hellström, A., Jacobson, L. K., Flodmark, O., Wadsby, M., & Martin, L. (2007) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/adc.2006.101899 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The reliability and validity of Bayley-III cognitive scale in China's male and female children
Hua, J., Li, Y., Ye, K., Ma, Y., Lin, S., Gu, G., & Du, W. (2019) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.01.017 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Challenges and opportunities in developmental integrative physiology
Mueller, C. A., Eme, J., Burggren, W. W., Roghair, R. D., & Rundle, S. D. (2015) · Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Molecular & Integrative Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.02.013 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Immune function? A missing link in the gender disparity in preterm neonatal outcomes
O’Driscoll, D. N., Greene, C. M., & Molloy, E. J. (2017) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2017.1386555 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Neurobehavioral Abnormalities in Newborns with Congenital Heart Disease Requiring Open-Heart Surgery
Massaro, A. N., Glass, P., Brown, J. E., Chang, T., Krishnan, A. N., Jonas, R. A., & Donofrio, M. T. (2011) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.11.060 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Coagulase-negative staphylococcus sepsis in preterm infants and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome
Alshaikh, B. N., Yee, W., Lodha, A. K., Henderson, E., Yusuf, K., & SAUVE, R. S. (2013) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/jp.2013.155 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Lowe, J., Erickson, S. J., MacLean, P., Duvall, S. W., Ohls, R. K., & Duncan, A. F. (2014) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.07.009 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Effects of maternal food restriction on physical growth and neurobehavior in newborn Wistar rats
Zhang, Y., Li, N., Yang, J., Zhang, T., & Yang, Z. R. (2010) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.06.005 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Pascoe, L., Spencer‐Smith, M. M., Giallo, R., Seal, M. L., Georgiou‐Karistianis, N., Nosarti, C., Josev, E. K., Roberts, G., Doyle, L. W., Thompson, D. K., et al. (2018) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2018.04.005 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Guillén, Ú., DeMauro, S. B., Ma, L., Zupancic, J. A. F., Wang, E., Gafni, A., & Kirpalani, H. M. (2011) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2011.05.032 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Kerstjens, J. M., de Winter, A. F., Sollie, K. M., Bocca-Tjeertes, I. F. A., Potijk, M. R., Reijneveld, S. A., & Bos, A. F. (2013) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0b013e3182860c52 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Haslam, M. D., Lisonkova, S., Creighton, D., Church, P., Yang, J., Shah, P. S., Joseph, K. S., Synnes, A. R., Harrison, A., Ting, J. Y., et al. (2018) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.12.020 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Two-year neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm born children ≤750 g at birth
Claas, M. J., Bruinse, H. W., Koopman-Esseboom, C., van Haastert, I. C., Peelen, L. M., & de Vries, L. S. (2010) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/adc.2009.174433 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Morsing, E., Lundgren, P., Hård, A., Rakow, A., Hellström-Westas, L. K., Jacobson, L. K., Johnson, M., Nilsson, S., Smith, L. E. H., Sävman, K., et al. (2022) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.16316 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Prediction of Motor and Functional Outcomes in Infants Born Preterm Assessed at Term
Snider, L., Majnemer, A., Mazer, B. L., Campbell, S. K., & Bos, A. F. (2009) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/pep.0b013e3181957bdc · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Böhm, B., Lundequist, A., & Smedler, A. (2010) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2010.00818.x · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Sex differences in brain connectivity and male vulnerability in very preterm children
Kozhemiako, N., Nunes, A. S., Vakorin, V. A., Chau, C. M. Y., Moiseev, A., Ribary, U., GRUNAU, R. E., & Doesburg, S. M. (2019) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.24809 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Risk factors for executive function difficulties in preschool and early school-age preterm children
O’Meagher, S., Kemp, N., Norris, K., Anderson, P. J., & Skilbeck, C. E. (2017) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.13915 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Goldstein, R. F., Cotten, C. M., Shankaran, S., Gantz, M. G., & Poole, W. K. (2012) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/jp.2012.91 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationGuerra, C. C., Barros, M. C. D. M., Goulart, A. L., Fernandes, L. V., Kopelman, B. I., & dos Santos, A. M. N. (2013) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.12430 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Gender specific intrapartum and neonatal outcomes for term babies
Dunn, L., Prior, T., Greer, R. M., & Kumar, S. (2014) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.11.035 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children with Biliary Atresia
Rodijk, L. H., den Heijer, A. E., Hulscher, J. B. F., Alizadeh, B. Z., de Kleine, R. H. J., Verkade, H. J., & Bruggink, J. L. M. (2019) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.10.054 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Griffiths, A., Morgan, P. E., Anderson, P. J., Doyle, L. W., Lee, K. J., & Spittle, A. J. (2017) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/dmcn.13367 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Su, Y.-H., Jeng, S., Hsieh, W., Tu, Y., Wu, Y., & Chen, L. (2017) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/pzx007 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Gender Differences Involved in the Pathophysiology of the Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Damage
MURDEN, S., Borbélyová, V., Laštůvka, Z., Mysliveček, J., Otáhal, J., & RILJAK, V. (2019) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.934356 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The effect of sex on outcome of preterm infants – a population‐based survey
Neubauer, V., Griesmaier, E., Ralser, E., & Kiechl‐Kohlendorfer, U. (2012) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2012.02709.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Male disadvantage? Fetal sex and cardiovascular responses to asphyxia in preterm fetal sheep
Bennet, L., Booth, L. C., Nasef, N. A., Dean, J. M., Davidson, J. O., Quaedackers, J. S. L. T., & Gunn, A. J. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00342.2007 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Hermann, G. M., Miller, R. L., Erkonen, G., Dallas, L. M., Hsu, E., Zhu, V. L., & Roghair, R. D. (2009) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181a7c5fd · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Onset factors in cerebral palsy: A systematic review
Lieshout, P. H. H. M. V., Candundo, H., Martino, R., Shin, S., & Barakat, C. (2016) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2016.03.021 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Shapiro, K. A., Kim, H., Mandelli, M. L., Rogers, E. E., Gano, D. L., Ferriero, D. M., Barkovich, A. J., Gorno‐Tempini, M. L., Glass, H. C., & Xu, D. (2017) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2017.06.015 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hintz, S. R., Kendrick, D. E., Vohr, B. R., Poole, W. K., Higgins, R. D., & For The Nichd Neonatal Research Network
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island (US)
- RTI International (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hintz, Susan R.
- Venue
- Acta Paediatrica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-10
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1239-1248
- ISSN
- 0365-1436 (ISSN-L)
- 0803-5253
- 1651-2227
- OpenAlex
- W2101903842
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 10.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Acta Paediatrica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Keywords
- gender differences, neurodevelopmental outcomes, extremely preterm infants, extremely low birth weight infants, cerebral palsy, Bayley Scales of Infant Development, neurodevelopmental impairment, risk factors, perinatal exposure, neonatal exposure, NICHD Neonatal Research Network
- MeSH terms
- Cerebral Palsy, Developmental Disabilities, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Male, Motor Skills, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Multivariate Analysis, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
