Enzymes for ecdysteroid biosynthesis: Their biological functions in insects and beyond
Abstract
Steroid hormones are responsible for the coordinated regulation of many aspects of biological processes in multicellular organisms. Since the last century, many studies have identified and characterized steroidogenic enzymes in vertebrates, including mammals. However, much less is known about invertebrate steroidogenic enzymes. In the last 15 years, a number of steroidogenic enzymes and their functions have been characterized in ecdysozoan animals, especially in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. In this review, we summarize the latest knowledge of enzymes crucial for synthesizing ecdysteroids, the principal insect steroid hormones. We also discuss the functional conservation and diversity of ecdysteroidogenic enzymes in other insects and even non-insect species, such as nematodes, vertebrates, and lower eukaryotes.
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In spinach, lathosterol (C27-sterol) is the precursor of PEs, whereas in Drosophila melanogaster, cholesterol synthesizes ECs.
“In spinach, lathosterol (C27-sterol) is the precursor of PEs, whereas in Drosophila melanogaster, C27-sterol, i.e., cholesterol, synthesizes ECs [4,18,19,23,24,142].”
From Phytoecdysteroids: Distribution, Structural Diversity, Biosynthesis, Activity, and Crosstalk with Phytohormones (2022) · cites this paper as [142]
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Arif, Y., Singh, P., Bajguz, A., & Hayat, S. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23158664 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Tsukagoshi, Y., Ohyama, K., Seki, H., Akashi, T., Muranaka, T., Suzuki, H., & Fujimoto, Y. (2016) · Phytochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.03.010 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Ecdysteroids as defensive chemicals
(2022) · Advances in Insect Physiology · doi:10.1016/bs.aiip.2022.09.001 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- Niwa, R., & Niwa, Y. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Tsukuba (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Niwa, Ryusuke
- ORCID
- Niwa, Ryusuke
- Venue
- Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2014-08-03
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1283-1292
- ISSN
- 0916-8451 (ISSN-L)
- 1347-6947
- OpenAlex
- W2092088565
- Cited by
- 249
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 1.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (25712010)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Steroid Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- ecdysteroid biosynthesis, steroidogenic enzymes, insect steroid hormones, Ecdysozoa, Drosophila melanogaster, functional conservation, enzyme diversity, nematodes, lower eukaryotes
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Enzymes, Insecta, Mutation, Phenotype, Conserved Sequence, Ecdysteroids
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