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Sharing Versus Pseudo-Sharing in Web 2.0
Abstract
The Internet has opened up a new era in sharing. There has also been an explosion of studies and writings about sharing via the Internet. This includes a series of books, articles, and web discussions on the topic. However, many of these apparent cases of sharing are better characterized as pseudo-sharing — commodity exchanges wrapped in a vocabulary of sharing. The present paper reviews subsequent research and theorizing as well as controversies that have emerged surrounding sharing and what is best regarded as pseudo-sharing — a wolf-insheep’s-clothing phenomenon whereby commodity exchange and potential exploitation of consumer co-creators present themselves in the guise of sharing. The paper begins with a pair of vignettes that highlight some of the contested meanings of sharing. By detailing four types of pseudo-sharing and four types of sharing that are specifically enabled or enhanced by Internet technologies, the paper argues that pseudo-sharing is distinguished by the presence of profit motives, the absence of feelings of community, and expectations of reciprocity. It concludes with a discussion of theoretical, practical, and ethical implications of pseudo-sharing and offer suggestions for future research.
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“These innovations have created new alternatives for sharing, for both communal and utilitarian purposes, simplifying the process compared to pre-accessible internet age (Belk 2014).”
From A cross-cultural study of nonprofit self-organized ridesharing (2024) · cites this paper as Belk 2014
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Success in the Web 2.0 Ecosystem
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El uso de la web 2.0 en la comunicación de los profesionales de la Salud en Colombia
Said-Hung, E. M., & Barrio, M. G. (2017) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.10645397 · Cited by 1
Hvad er egentlig problemet ved digitale arbejdsplatforme?
Weber, S. (2018) · Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv · doi:10.7146/tfa.v20i3.110815 · Cited by 1
Sharing Economy: Entwicklung und Relevanz für Städte
Georgi, D., Bründler-Ulrich, S., Schaffner, D., Federspiel, E., Wolf, P., Abplanalp, R., Minder, B., & Frölicher, J. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-23700-4_1 · Cited by 1
Sharing Economy Phenomenon in the Digitization Era
Revenko, L. S., & Revenko, N. S. (2019) · Journal of Siberian Federal University Humanities & Social Sciences · doi:10.17516/1997-1370-0416 · Cited by 1
“He believes that the collaborative consumption is “people coordinating the acquisition and distribution of resources for a fee or other compensation” (Belk, 2014b: 1597).”
BackgroundResultSützl, W. (2016) · A Peer-Reviewed Journal About · doi:10.7146/aprja.v5i1.116036 · Cited by 1
Creating Sustainability Business Models in the Digital and Network Economy
Jabłoński, A., & Jabłoński, M. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29732-9_6 · Cited by 1
EVALUATION OF SHARING ECONOMY IN EXPERIENTIAL APPEALING
Akel, G. (2020) · Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi · doi:10.18092/ulikidince.571662 · Cited by 1
Pozorny kryzys własności. Współdzielony rower miejski – koniec konsumpcji czy utopia współdzielenia?
Krassowski, M., & Młynarski, G. (2020) · Przegląd Kulturoznawczy · doi:10.4467/20843860pk.20.045.12849 · Cited by 1
Sharing Economy as a New Organization Model
Li, J., Meng, T., & Nawaz, M. Z. (2020) · Advances in business information systems and analytics book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-3756-5.ch016 · Cited by 1
Um estudo comparativo Brasil-Portugal sobre os antecedentes do consumo do CouchSurfing
Vera, L. A. R., Gosling, M., & Silva, J. A. (2021) · Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo · doi:10.7784/rbtur.v15i2.1923 · Cited by 3
ECONOMY OF JOINT CONSUMPTION: FEATURES, STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Osmanova, Z. (2021) · Научный вестник: финансы, банки, инвестиции · doi:10.37279/2312-5330-2020-3-176-184 · Cited by 1
ЭКОНОМИКА УЧАСТИЯ (SHARING ECONOMY): ИСТОРИЯ ВОПРОСА И ПОПЫТКА КОНЦЕПТУАЛИЗАЦИИ
Григорьева, Е. А. (2020) · Социально-гуманитарные исследования: векторы развития науки и образования · doi:10.34708/gstou.conf.2020.82.28.085 · Cited by 1
Cordeiro, D. F., Rocha, A. S., Vieira, L. M., Cassiano, K. K., & da Silva, N. R. (2021) · Em Questão · doi:10.19132/1808-5245273.42-67 · Cited by 2
Understanding University student's decision to use ofo bike sharing services in Bangkok.
Chen, J. (2018) · Cited by 1
New Trends in Consumption in Poland as Shown by the Example of a Freeshop Concept
Poszewiecki, A., & Czerepko, J. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su142215078 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Belk, R.
- Affiliations
- York University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Belk, Russell
- ORCID
- Belk, Russell
- Venue
- The Anthropologist
- Publisher
- Kamla Raj Enterprises
- Published
- 2014-07
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7-23
- ISSN
- 0972-0073 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2184849112
- Cited by
- 622
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 77 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 86 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 68 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 126.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Anthropologist (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Sharing Economy and Platforms
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Knowledge Management and Sharing
- Social Sciences › Communication › Media and Digital Communication
- Keywords
- sharing, Web 2.0, commodity exchange, customer co-creation, profit motive, reciprocity, community, ethics of sharing, internet technologies
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