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Tea Catechins and Polyphenols: Health Effects, Metabolism, and Antioxidant Functions
Abstract
Increasing interest in the health benefits of tea has led to the inclusion of tea extracts in dietary supplements and functional foods. However, epidemiologic evidence regarding the effects of tea consumption on cancer and cardiovascular disease risk is conflicting. While tea contains a number of bioactive chemicals, it is particularly rich in catechins, of which epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant. Catechins and their derivatives are thought to contribute to the beneficial effects ascribed to tea. Tea catechins and polyphenols are effective scavengers of reactive oxygen species in vitro and may also function indirectly as antioxidants through their effects on transcription factors and enzyme activities. The fact that catechins are rapidly and extensively metabolized emphasizes the importance of demonstrating their antioxidant activity in vivo. In humans, modest transient increases in plasma antioxidant capacity have been demonstrated following the consumption of tea and green tea catechins. The effects of tea and green tea catechins on biomarkers of oxidative stress, especially oxidative DNA damage, appear very promising in animal models, but data on biomarkers of in vivo oxidative stress in humans are limited. Larger human studies examining the effects of tea and tea catechin intake on biomarkers of oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA are needed.
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“In vivo studies indicate an increase (from 2 to 15%) in plasma antioxidant activity following the consumption of tea or tea polyphenols [215].”
From Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [215]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Higdon, J. V., & Frei, B.
- Affiliations
- Oregon State University (US)
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2003-01
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 89-143
- ISSN
- 1040-8398 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-7852
- OpenAlex
- W2116597521
- Cited by
- 1,854
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 94 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 110 · 2019: 72 · 2018: 98 · 2017: 80 · 2016: 89 · 2015: 104 · 2014: 97 · 2013: 98 · 2012: 107
- FWCI
- 38.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Tea Polyphenols and Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Coffee research and impacts
- Keywords
- tea catechins, polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate, green tea, antioxidant activity, oxidative stress, oxidative DNA damage, plasma antioxidant capacity, cancer risk, cardiovascular risk, functional foods, dietary supplements, reactive oxygen species
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antioxidants, Biological Availability, Cardiovascular Diseases, Catechin, Chronic Disease, Flavonoids, Humans, Neoplasms, Phenols, Polymers, Tea, Biomarkers, Free Radical Scavengers, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress
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