Interindividual differences in treatment effects based on structural equation models with latent variables: an EffectLiteR tutorial
Open accessAbstract
The investigation of interindividual differences in the effects of a treatment is challenging, because many constructs-of-interest in psychological research such as depression or anxiety are latent variables and modeling heterogeneity in treatment effects requires interactions and potentially non-linear relationships. In this paper, we present a tutorial of the EffectLiteR approach that allows for estimating individual treatment effects based on latent variable models. We describe step by step how to apply the approach using the EffectLiteR software package with data from the multicenter randomized controlled trial of the Social Phobia Psychotherapy Network (SOPHO-NET) and provide guidelines and recommendations for researchers. The focus of the paper is on explaining the results of a comprehensive effect analysis in an accessible language and on highlighting the opportunities the EffectLiteR approach offers for analyzing interindividual differences in treatment effects.
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The EffectLiteR approach allows to include interactions between the treatment variable and a range of categorical and continuous (latent) covariates.
“EffectLiteR approach (106), that allows to include interactions between the treatment variable and a range of categorical and continuous (latent) covariates, because it uses a multigroup structural equation model for the estimation of parameters.”
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- Authors
- Mayer, A., Zimmermann, J., Hoyer, J., Salzer, S., Wiltink, J., Leibing, E., & Leichsenring, F.
- Affiliations
- RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- University of Kassel (DE)
- Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- International Psychoanalytic University Berlin (DE)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Mayer, Axel
- ORCID
- Venue
- Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2019-10-30
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 798-816
- ISSN
- 1070-5511 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-8007
- OpenAlex
- W2982429280
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 1.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Publikationen an der Universität Bielefeld (Universität Bielefeld) (submittedVersion)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (cc-by)
- Funders
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01GV0607)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (MA 7702/1-1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Keywords
- individual treatment effects, latent variable models, treatment effect heterogeneity, social anxiety disorder, psychotherapy, effect analysis
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