Cited by 9School Health and Nursing EducationStudent Stress and CopingMental Health Treatment and Access

How the faculty across higher education institutes are facilitated to develop skills on student mental health and well-being? – A scoping review

Open access
Goel, Arush, Ali, Rubbia, Upsher, Rebecca, Padickaparambil, Sebastian, Byrom, Nicola, Ramachandran, Selvam·2025·Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education

Abstract

Students in higher education institutes often face mental health issues that challenge their well-being. Faculty members, as crucial points of contact for academic programmes, play a pivotal role in supporting their well-being. Some HEIs offer training programmes to support faculty in this role. This scoping review identified components, formats, modes, and evaluations of faculty training programmes and proposed the RAKSHAKA framework including resources, affective skills, knowledge in recognising students in distress, severity identification of mental health issues, health promotion, assistance and support strategies, knowledge on roles and boundaries, and access to student services.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/13603108.2024.2384979

Cites

44 of 45 references verified0 citation errors · 1 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

4 of 38 cited sources checked · 4 supported · 0 flagged

  • Premisecitation

    There is a lack of capacity building of the faculty in responding to student distress.

    “and the lack of capacity building of the faculty in responding to student distress (Dittakavi 2022;Gulliver et al. 2018;Hughes and Byrom 2019).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Dittakavi 2022

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Gulliver et al. 2018 source
    • cites Hughes and Byrom 2019 source
  • Findingnone given

    Some higher education institutes offer training programmes to support faculty in supporting student mental health and well-being.

    “Some HEIs offer training programmes to support the faculty in this role.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingnone given

    The RAKSHAKA framework comprises eight components: resources, affective skills, knowledge in recognising students in distress, severity identification, health promotion, assistance and support strategies, knowledge on roles and boundaries, and access to student services.

    “The components were based on the RAKSHAKA framework, which includes resources, affective skills, knowledge in recognising students in distress, severity identification of mental health issues, health promotion, assistance and support strategies, knowledge on roles and boundaries, and access to student services.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    The reviewed sources provide resources for faculty in diverse forms including faculty guides, standard operating protocols and procedures, reporting systems, emergency contact information, information videos and flyers, internal and external information weblinks, and mobile applications.

    “The resources were diverse in the form of faculty guides, standard operating protocols and procedures, reporting systems, emergency contact information for seeking and directing the students for assistance and support within and outside campus, information videos and flyers, internal and external information weblinks, and mobile applications, to name a few.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: Information from university websites and contacted universities accurately and sufficiently represents their faculty training programmes.
  • Findingcitation

    Hodgson and Bretherton (2021) only provided expert advice on handling student mental health issues.

    “Hodgson and Bretherton (2021) only provided expert advice on handling student mental health issues”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Hodgson and Bretherton (2021) source
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 29
  • May combine two claims. 6
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    There is a level of concern in the prevalence of mental health issues among university students.

    “It is further mismatched by the level of concern in the prevalence of mental health issues among university students (Auerbach et al. 2018;Browne, Munro, and Cass 2017;Chaudhary et al. 2021)”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim2 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Auerbach et al. 2018 source
    • cites Browne, Munro, and Cass 2017

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Chaudhary et al. 2021 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Study design and conductcitation

    The study is reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).

    “We report our study using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) (Tricco et al. 2018).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Tricco et al. 2018 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

    Findingnone given

    Most universities provide resources to faculty in the form of faculty guides on their websites.

    “Most universities provide resources to the faculty in the form of faculty guides on their websites.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: Information from university websites and contacted universities accurately and sufficiently represents their faculty training programmes.
  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    The review identified four studies and 21 university sources for analysis.

    “We conducted a scoping review to examine such faculty training programmes by considering data from four of the 10,362 studies and 21 university sources for analysis.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Findingnone given

    All the information from the university sources was in the form of web pages under the student centre tab.

    “All the information from the university sources was in the form of web pages under the student centre tab.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • May combine two claims.

    Findingreasoning

    Such trainings are either paid in-person workshop events or free asynchronous online modules that faculty can access.

    “Such trainings are either paid in-person workshop events or free asynchronous online modules that faculty can access.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Findingown data

    The investigators identified eight interrelated themes while reviewing the broader literature on the components of the training programme.

    “While reviewing the broader literature on the components of the training programme, the investigators identified eight interrelated themes.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Findingnone given

    Hodgson and Bretherton (2021) only provided a list of tips the faculty can implement.

    “While Hodgson and Bretherton (2021) only provided a list of tips the faculty can implement”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Hodgson and Bretherton (2021) source
  • May combine two claims.

    Findingcitation

    The training modules incorporated videos, case-based scenarios, avatars, and practical examples.

    “The training modules have incorporated videos, casebased scenarios, avatars (Halladay et al. 2022), and practical examples for the faculty to relate to and have an immersive experience with the contents.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Halladay et al. 2022

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • Rests on an assumption: Information from university websites and contacted universities accurately and sufficiently represents their faculty training programmes.
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

    Findingnone given

    Other HEIs like Cornell University, Oxford University, and Hong Kong University undertake training sessions for the faculty, focussing primarily on advancing knowledge about mental health issues along with the available resources at the university.

    “Other HEIs like Cornell University, Oxford University, and Hong Kong University undertake training sessions for the faculty, focussing primarily on advancing knowledge about mental health issues along with the available resources at the university.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Findingnone given

    Universities like Johns Hopkins University and Harvard University provide all the necessary information to extend support to students as faculty guides on their websites.

    “Universities like Johns Hopkins University and Harvard University provide all the necessary information to extend support to students as faculty guides on their websites.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Findingnone given

    All universities provide a set of professional help services available and the manner of referring students to them for faculty.

    “It is important to note that all universities provide a set of professional help services available and the manner of referring students to them for the faculty.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: Information from university websites and contacted universities accurately and sufficiently represents their faculty training programmes.
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Premisenone given

    Students in higher education institutes often face mental health issues that challenge their well-being.

    “Students in higher education institutes (HEI) often face mental health issues that challenge their well-being.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisereasoning

    Faculty members play a pivotal role in supporting student well-being.

    “Faculty members, as crucial points of contact for academic programmes, play a pivotal role in supporting their well-being.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductown data

    Two researchers independently screened full-text articles against inclusion criteria, and other researchers resolved discrepancies.

    “While two researchers independently screened the full-text articles against their inclusion criteria, the other researchers resolved any discrepancies in the screening process.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    A thematic analytical study reports the recommendations of the student panels on support services which cites the need for an overarching framework that integrates the policies, procedures, training, and resources linking faculty training and support services.

    “A thematic analytical study sharing the student perspectives on issues and challenges around university student mental health and well-being services, reports the recommendations of the student panels on support services which cites the need for an overarching framework that integrates the policies, procedures, training, and resources linking faculty training and support services (Priestley et al.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Priestley et al. 2022

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    The RAKSHAKA incorporates the dimensions of faculty training and student support services, thus providing an overarching framework around student mental health and well-being in the higher education setting.

    “The RAKSHAKA incorporates the dimensions of faculty training and student support services, thus providing an overarching framework around student mental health and well-being in the higher education setting.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Study design and conductnone given

    The review protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework before the scoping review began.

    “The protocol has been registered in the Open Science Framework before we began our scoping review.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Interpretationcitation

    The conceptual framework presented in this review covers all the aspects defining MHL, including improving knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in dealing with mental health issues.

    “The conceptual framework presented in this review covers all the aspects defining MHL (Kutcher et al. 2016), including improving knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in dealing with mental health issues.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Kutcher et al. 2016 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    This limitation echoes concerns raised more generally about the quality of reporting mental health studies in higher education.

    “This limitation echoes concerns raised more generally about the quality of reporting mental health studies in higher education (Upsher et al. 2022).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Upsher et al. 2022 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    The RAK-SHAKA framework on student mental health and well-being can be adapted by other global universities to align the faculty training and student support services around student mental health and well-being.

    “We propose the RAK-SHAKA framework on student mental health and well-being, which other global universities can adapt to align the faculty training and student support services around student mental health and well-being.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    The training and service dimensions of the proposed framework list elements which can be easily modified to be inculcated by HEIs in concordance to their available services and resources.

    “The training and service dimensions of the proposed framework list elements which can be easily modified to be inculcated by HEIs in concordance to their available services and resources.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

    Interpretationreasoning

    RAKSHAKA, when viewed through the lens of a service provider, the University empowers its faculty as RAKSHAKA in identifying students in distress and offering mental health support.

    “RAKSHAKA, when viewed through the lens of a service provider, the University empowers its faculty as RAKSHAKA in identifying students in distress and offering mental health support.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    Several universities have adopted similar overarching models and frameworks.

    “Several universities have adopted similar overarching models and frameworks.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    One of the critical elements of ABC-uni involves staff capacity building on student mental health promotion.

    “One of the critical elements of ABC-uni involves staff capacity building on student mental health promotion.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Nielsen et al. 2023 source
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Interpretationreasoning

    The RAKSHAKA framework can guide the HEI administrators in aligning the strategic plans, policies, and practices to the student support initiatives.

    “The framework can also guide the HEI administrators in aligning the strategic plans, policies, and practices to the student support initiatives.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    A study reports the findings of the ABC-uni framework, an adaptation of ABC (act, belong, commit) of mental health programmes.

    “A study reports the findings of the ABC-uni framework, an adaptation of ABC (act, belong, commit) of mental health programmes (Nielsen et al. 2023).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Nielsen et al. 2023 source
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Interpretationreasoning

    The proposed RAKSHAKA framework delineates individually and together links the components of the faculty training programme and student support services.

    “It delineates individually and together links the components of the faculty training programme and student support services.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    The nature of MHL programmes requires them to be integrated into the context of organizations implementing the same.

    “Additionally, it has been stated that, the nature of MHL programmes requires them to be integrated into the context of organizations implementing the same (Kelly, Anthony, and Jorm 2007).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Kelly, Anthony, and Jorm 2007 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    The RAKSHAKA framework can be useful in developing the faculty competencies to effectively support the students.

    “The framework can be useful in developing the faculty competencies to effectively support the students.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Interpretationreasoning

    Faculty training initiatives using the RAKSHAKA framework could enhance opportunities for faculty to collaborate as a community of practice in innovating pedagogical approaches that support and nurture positive student learning environments.

    “The faculty training initiatives using this framework could enhance opportunities for faculty to collaborate as a community of practice in innovating pedagogical approaches that support and nurture positive student learning environments.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Gatekeeper training focussed on enhancing mental health literacy (MHL) to identify and communicate with individuals experiencing distress has been deemed necessary.

    “Gatekeeper training focussed on enhancing mental health literacy (MHL) to identify and communicate with individuals experiencing distress has been deemed necessary (Halladay et al. 2022;Upsher et al. 2022).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Halladay et al. 2022

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Upsher et al. 2022 source
32 of 32
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The scope and evidence on existing faculty training programmes on student mental health and well-being was unknown before this review.

    “While the need for faculty training increases, the scope and the evidence on the existing faculty training programmes is unknown.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Information from university websites and contacted universities accurately and sufficiently represents their faculty training programmes.

    “The investigators then tabulated the relevant data from the available information from 21 university sources (website search and university contacts)”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The effectiveness of a mental health programme is enhanced only when the dimension of student services aligns with the components of faculty training on student mental health.

    “review, we believe the effectiveness of the mental health programme can be enhanced only when the dimension of student services aligns with the components of faculty training on student mental health.”
3 of 3

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Authors
Goel, A., Ali, R., Upsher, R., Padickaparambil, S., Byrom, N., & Ramachandran, S.
Affiliations
  • Manipal Academy of Higher Education (IN)
  • King's College London (GB)
Corresponding author
Ramachandran, Selvam
Venue
Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education
Published
2024-08-08
Volume
29
Issue
4
Pages
210-222
ISSN
  • 1360-3108 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-7018
OpenAlex
W4401445569
Cited by
9
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 4
FWCI
5.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Perspectives Policy and Practice in Higher Education (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • King's College London (Intramural fund - no award number assigned)
  • Manipal Academy of Higher Education
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
student mental health, student well-being, university faculty, health promotion, student support services, training programme evaluation

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