Honey has an antifungal effect against Candida species
Abstract
The incidence of Candida infections is escalating worldwide. The serious nature of these infections is compounded by increasing levels of drug resistance. We report that certain honeys have significant antifungal activity against clinical isolates of Candida species. Importantly, the minimum inhibitory concentration of these honeys would be achievable in a clinical setting.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Few studies have focused on the antifungal properties of honey.
“However, although a number of studies have investigated the antimicrobial properties of honey against bacteria, few have focused on its antifungal properties [248,249,250,251,252,253].”
From Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come? (2017) · cites this paper as [250]
The component(s) of honey responsible for the antifungal properties are not sugar based.
“It is therefore suggested that the component(s) of honey responsible for the antifungal properties are not sugar based.”
From Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come? (2017) · cites this paper as [250]
Floral honeys had greater antifungal activities compared to artificial honey.
“They also reported greater antifungal activities of the floral honeys compared to the artificial honey.”
From Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come? (2017) · cites this paper as [250]
Cites
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards
Bruck, E. (1980) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.65.1.187 · Cited by 14,736 · see citing works
Editorial Office (1997) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1381/096089297765555359 · Cited by 3,917 · see citing works
Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts : Approved standard
Rex, J. H., & Clinical (2008) · Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute eBooks · Cited by 1,052 · see citing works
Epidemiology of Candida species infections in critically ill non-immunosuppressed patients
Eggimann, P., Garbino, J., & Pittet, D. (2003) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00801-6 · Cited by 900 · see citing works
The Antibacterial Activity of Honey
Molan, P. C. (1992) · Bee World · doi:10.1080/0005772x.1992.11099109 · Cited by 824 · see citing works
The changing face of candidemia: emergence of non-Candida albicans species and antifungal resistance
Hong Nguyen, M., Peacock, J. E., Morris, A. J., Tanner, D. C., Nguyen, M. L., Snydman, D. R., Wagener, M. M., Rinaldi, M. G., & Yu, V. L. (1996) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(95)00010-0 · Cited by 758 · see citing works
The Epidemiology of Hematogenous Candidiasis Caused by Different Candida Species
Abi‐Said, D., Anaissie, E., Uzun, O., Raad, I., Pinzcowski, H., & Vartivarian, S. (1997) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/513663 · Cited by 755 · see citing works
Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic considerations
Sobel, J. D., Faro, S., Force, R. W., Foxman, B., Ledger, W. J., Nyirjesy, P., Reed, B. D., & Summers, P. R. (1998) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(98)80001-x · Cited by 694 · see citing works
A Survey of the Antibacterial Activity of Some New Zealand Honeys
Allen, K. L., Molan, P. C., & Reid, G. M. (1991) · Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1991.tb03186.x · Cited by 572 · see citing works
Pfaller, M. A., Diekema, D. J., Jones, R. N., Sader, H. S., Fluit, A. C., Hollis, R. J., Messer, S. A., & The SENTRY Participant Group (2001) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.39.9.3254-3259.2001 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Tortorano, A. M., Peman, J., Bernhardt, H., Klingspor, L., Kibbler, C. C., Faure, O., Biraghi, E., Canton, E., Zimmermann, K., Seaton, S., et al. (2004) · European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1007/s10096-004-1103-y · Cited by 509 · see citing works
WHITE, J. W., Subers, M. H., & Schepartz, A. I. (1963) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Specialized Section on Enzymological Subjects · doi:10.1016/0926-6569(63)90108-1 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
The sensitivity to honey of Gram-positive cocci of clinical significance isolated from wounds
Cooper, R. A., Molan, P. C., & Harding, K. G. (2002) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01761.x · Cited by 416 · see citing works
Clinical observations on the wound healing properties of honey
Efem, S. E. E. (1988) · British journal of surgery · doi:10.1002/bjs.1800750718 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Zumla, A. I., & LULAT, A. G. I. (1989) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/014107688908200704 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Pfaller, M. A., Jones, R. N., Messer, S. A., Edmond, M. B., & Wenzel, R. P. (1998) · Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease · doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(97)00240-x · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Pfaller, M. A., & Diekema, D. J. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.40.10.3551-3557.2002 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Comparison of the epidemiology, drug resistance mechanisms, and virulence of and
Sullivan, D. J., Moran, G. P., Pinjon, E., Mosaid, A. A., Stokes, C. R., Vaughan, C. W., & Coleman, D. C. (2003) · FEMS Yeast Research · doi:10.1016/s1567-1356(03)00240-x · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Clinical usage of honey as a wound dressing: an update
Molan, P. C., & Betts, J. (2004) · Journal of Wound Care · doi:10.12968/jowc.2004.13.9.26708 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis and susceptibility to fluconazole in women
Bauters, T. G. M., Dhont, M. A., Temmerman, M., & Nelis, H. J. C. F. (2002) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1067/mob.2002.125897 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Johnson, D. W., van Eps, C., Mudge, D. W., Wiggins, K. J., Armstrong, K., Hawley, C. M., Campbell, S. B., Isbel, N. M., Nimmo, G. R., & Gibbs, H. (2005) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2004110997 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Treatment of complicated Candida vaginitis: Comparison of single and sequential doses of fluconazole
Sobel, J. D., Kapernick, P. S., Zervos, M., Reed, B. D., Hooton, T., Soper, D., Nyirjesy, P., Heine, M. W., Willems, J., Panzer, H., et al. (2001) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1067/mob.2001.115116 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
The use of honey as an antiseptic in managing Pseudomonas infection
Cooper, R., & Molan, P. C. (1999) · Journal of Wound Care · doi:10.12968/jowc.1999.8.4.25867 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
The antimicrobial spectrum of honey and its clinical significance
Efem, S. E. E., & Iwara, C. I. (1992) · Infection · doi:10.1007/bf02033065 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Sobel, J. D., Zervos, M., Reed, B. D., Hooton, T. M., Soper, D. E., Nyirjesy, P., Heine, M. W., Willems, J., & Panzer, H. (2002) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.47.1.34-38.2003 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
The effects of manuka honey on plaque and gingivitis: a pilot study.
English, H. K. P., Pack, A. R. C., & Molan, P. C. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 114 · see citing works
The Sensitivity of Dermatophytes to the Antimicrobial Activity of Manuka Honey and Other Honey
Brady, N., Molan, P. C., & Harfoot, C. G. (1996) · Pharmacy and Pharmacology Communications · doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1996.tb00540.x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
The antifungal action of three South African honeys on <i>Candida albicans</i>
Theunissen, F., Grobler, S., & Gedalia, I. (2001) · Apidologie · doi:10.1051/apido:2001137 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Adeleye, I. A., & Opiah, L. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Epidemiology of clinical isolates of Candida albicans and their susceptibility to triazoles
Wróblewska, M., Swoboda‐Kopeć, E., ROKOSZ, A., Krawczyk, E., Marchel, H., & Łuczak, M. (2002) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00246-7 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Treatment of Complicated Candida Vaginitis: Comparison of Single and Sequential Doses of Fluconazole
Sobel, J. D., KAPERNICK, P., Zervos, M., Reed, B. D., Hooton, T. M., Soper, D. E., Nyirjesy, P., Heine, M. W., Willems, J., Panzer, H., et al. (2002) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/00006254-200201000-00014 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Prevalence of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis and Susceptibility to Fluconazole in Women
Bauters, T. G. M., Dhont, M. A., Temmerman, M., et al. (2003) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/00006254-200301000-00014 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Manuka honey for central vein catheter exit site care
Quadri, K. H. M., & Huraib, S. O. (1999) · Seminars in Dialysis · doi:10.1046/j.1525-139x.1999.99052-3.x · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come?
Rodrigues, C., Rodrigues, M., Silva, S., & Henriques, M. (2017) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof3010011 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Estevinho, M. L., Afonso, S. E., & Feás, X. (2011) · Journal of Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13197-011-0243-1 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Koc, A. N., Silici, S., Ercal, B. D., Kasap, F., Hörmet-Öz, H. T., & Mavus-Buldu, H. (2009) · Medical Mycology · doi:10.3109/13693780802572554 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Abdelmonem, A. M., Rasheed, S. M., & Mohamed, A. S. (2012) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-012-2242-5 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
van Riel, S. J. J. M., Lardenoije, C. M. J. G., Oudhuis, G. J., & Cremers, N. A. J. (2021) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof7080664 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
- Authors
- Irish, J., Carter, D. A., Shokohi, T., & Blair, S. E.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (IR)
- Venue
- Medical Mycology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-01
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 289-291
- ISSN
- 0268-1218 (ISSN-L)
- 1369-3786
- 1460-2709
- OpenAlex
- W2112459918
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 6.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Medical Mycology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Comvita
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Bee Products Chemical Analysis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Keywords
- honey, antifungal activity, Candida, candidiasis, minimum inhibitory concentration, drug resistance, clinical isolates
- MeSH terms
- Candidiasis, Honey, Microbial Sensitivity Tests
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review