The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The validity of d prime as a working memory index: Results from the “Bergen n-back task”
Abstract
The n-back task is frequently used as an experimental paradigm in imaging studies of working memory. This study aimed to investigate whether the Bergen 2-back task is suitable for use in desktop assessment of patients with schizophrenia. Looking at the psychometric properties of the task, including the newly added measure of discriminability, d prime (d '), our analyses confirmed that the 2-back d ' is the preferred measure of working memory dysfunction in desktop assessment compared to the Digit Span Backward and the Letter-Number Sequencing subtests from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III). d ' has the advantage of capturing executive skills needed to perform mental operations in patients with schizophrenia, without being influenced by demographic variables or IQ.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Social Work · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,519
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(2012) · SpringerReference · doi:10.1007/springerreference_121117 · Cited by 20,570
Detection Theory: A User's Guide
Macmillan, N. A., & Creelman, C. D. (1991) · Cited by 5,415
Baddeley, A. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1736359 · Cited by 5,258
N-back working memory paradigm: a meta-analysis of normative functional neuroimaging studies.
Owen, A. M., McMillan, K. M., Laird, A. R., & Bullmore, E. (2005) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20131 · Cited by 3,560
Storage and Executive Processes in the Frontal Lobes
Smith, E. E., & Jonides, J. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5408.1657 · Cited by 2,834
Paced Auditory Serial-Addition Task: A Measure of Recovery from Concussion
Gronwall, D. M. A. (1977) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1977.44.2.367 · Cited by 2,395 · cited 2×
“monitoring recovery after traumatic brain injury (Gronwall, 1977) and the n-back task for localizing brain regions responsible for working memory processing in functional neuroimaging studies (Callicott et al.”
MethodThe MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, part 1: test selection, reliability, and validity
Nuechterlein, K. H., Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., Baade, L. E., Barch, D. M., Cohen, J. D., Essock, S., Fenton, W. S., Frese, F. J., Gold, J. M., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07010042 · Cited by 2,342
A continuous performance test of brain damage
Rosvold, H. E., Mirsky, A. F., Sarason, I., Bransome, E. D., & Beck, L. H. (1956) · Journal of Consulting Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0043220 · Cited by 2,261
Decision Processes In Perception.
Swets, J. A., Tanner, W. P., Jr., & Birdsall, T. G. (1961) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.68.5.301 · Cited by 1,329
Cited by
Liang, X., Zou, Q., He, Y., & Yang, Y. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1214900110 · Cited by 677
Complex span and n-back measures of working memory: A meta-analysis
Redick, T. S., & Lindsey, D. R. B. (2013) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-013-0453-9 · Cited by 305
Liang, X., Zou, Q., He, Y., & Yang, Y. (2016) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhu316 · Cited by 261
Hu, Y., Chen, X., Gu, H., & Yang, Y. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1973-13.2013 · Cited by 167
Augmentation of working memory training by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
Ruf, S. P., Fallgatter, A. J., & Plewnia, C. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01055-1 · Cited by 167
Metadata
- Authors
- Haatveit, B. C., Sundet, K., Hugdahl, K., Ueland, T., Melle, I., & Andreassen, O. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-04-09
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 871-880
- ISSN
- 0165-0475 (ISSN-L)
- 1380-3395
- 1744-411X
- OpenAlex
- W2091454704
- Cited by
- 317
- References
- 30
- FWCI
- 4.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The validity of d prime as a working memory index: Results from the “Bergen n-back task”. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/13803391003596421
- The paper
- Haatveit, B. C., Sundet, K., Hugdahl, K., Ueland, T., Melle, I., & Andreassen, O. A. (2010). The validity of d prime as a working memory index: Results from the “Bergen n-back task”. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803391003596421
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
