Self-Efficacy and Memory Aging: The Impact of a Memory Intervention Based on Self-Efficacy
Abstract
A multifactorial training program was developed for older adults, to improve self-efficacy and memory performance. Elements designed to raise self-efficacy were integrated into class discussions, homework readings, and practice exercises, including an emphasis on memory potential at any age, self-set goals, and opportunities for mastery. Strategy training focused on association, organization, attention, imagery, and PQRST. Significant improvements for the training group, as compared to a wait-list control group, were observed for memory self-efficacy, locus of control, name recall and story recall. Trained participants were using effective strategies more so than the control group. Final test scores were predicted by self-efficacy, condition assignment, and baseline ability (with some variation across the three tasks). These findings suggest that an integrated and comprehensive training program that incorporates principles of self-efficacy theory has great potential for improving older adults' memory ability.
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West, Bagwell, and Dark-Freudeman (2008) found that an intervention targeting negative age stereotypes and promoting self-efficacy, combined with strategy training, improved older adults' memory performance.
“Recently, West, Bagwell, and Dark-Freudeman (2008) showed that an intervention that targeted negative age stereotypes and promoted self-efficacy-combined with strategy training-had beneficial effects on older adults' memory performance.”
From Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? (2008) · cites this paper as West, Bagwell, and Dark-Freudeman, 2008
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“The gains observed on test scores were mirrored, in part, by changes in strategy usage, as reported in other studies ( Dunlosky et al, 2003 ; Saczynski, Rebok, Whitfield, & Plude, 2007 ; Troyer, 2001 ; Verhaeghen & Marcoen, 1996 ; Woolverton et al, 2001 ).”
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- Authors
- West, R. L., Bagwell, D. K., & Dark-Freudeman, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- West, Robin L.
- Venue
- Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2008-04-28
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 302-329
- ISSN
- 0928-9917 (ISSN-L)
- 1382-5585
- 1744-4128
- OpenAlex
- W2030368401
- Cited by
- 181
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 18.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Retirement Research Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- self-efficacy, memory aging, older adults, memory interventions, strategy training, locus of control, self-set goals, mastery experiences, name recall, story recall, cognitive training
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Analysis of Variance, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires, Mental Recall, Retention, Psychology, Teaching, Self Efficacy
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