Trauma and traumatic loss in pregnant adolescents: the impact of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy on maternal unresolved states of mind and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Abstract
Pregnant adolescents are a group at high risk for exposure to traumatic experiences. The present study aimed to examine if Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy (TF-CBT) typically applied to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), could also be applied to unresolved states of mind in a sample of socially at-risk pregnant adolescents. Forty-three adolescents who were in their second trimester of pregnancy and who also had positive indices of unresolved states of mind or symptoms of PTSD were randomly assigned to either the treatment as usual (parenting classes) or intervention (parenting classes + TF-CBT) group. Adolescent mother-infant dyads were then re-assessed at infant ages 6 and 12 months on a broad range of measures, including those specific to attachment, as well as to PTSD, and adolescent behavioral adjustment. Twenty-six of the 43 (60%) recruited subjects completed all components of the study protocol. Although there were no significant effects of the TF-CBT intervention on maternal attachment, infant attachment, PTSD diagnosis and adolescent behavioral adjustment, several study limitations restrict our ability to draw firm conclusions about the efficacy of TF-CBT for use in pregnant adolescents with complex trauma. The discussion offers insight and guidance for clinical work and future intervention research efforts with this vulnerable population.
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Madigan et al. did not find an effect of TF-CBT on classifications of unresolved status at 6- and 12-months follow-up in pregnant adolescents with PTSD or an unresolved state of mind.
“Madigan et al. [31] analyzed the effect of trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy (TF-CBT) on attachment status and other outcome variables in a sample of 43 pregnant adolescents with either a diagnosis of PTSD or an AAI classification of an unresolved state of mind with regard to loss or trauma. Compared to treatment as usual, they did not find an effect of TF-CBT on classifications of unres”
From Get secure soon: attachment in abused adolescents and young adults before and after trauma-focused cognitive processing therapy. (2021) · cites this paper as [31]
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Psychosocial Occupational Therapy Interventions for High-Risk Pregnancies: A Systematic Review
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- Authors
- Madigan, S., Vaillancourt, K., McKibbon, A., & Benoit, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- King's College London (GB)
- Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Madigan, Sheri
- Venue
- Attachment & Human Development
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-02-23
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 175-198
- ISSN
- 1461-6734 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2988
- OpenAlex
- W1977363248
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 3.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Attachment & Human Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Hospital for Sick Children
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- pregnant adolescents, adolescent mothers, trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, post-traumatic stress disorder, complex trauma, maternal attachment, infant attachment, parenting classes
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Education, Nonprofessional, Female, Humans, Mothers, Object Attachment, Pregnancy, Pregnancy in Adolescence, Pregnancy Trimester, Second, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Group Homes, Parenting
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