The DOI matches its Crossref record; 141 of the 141 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Intention—Behavior Relations: A Conceptual and Empirical Review
Abstract
This chapter addresses two questions; how big is the “gap” between intentions and behavior, and what psychological variables might be able to “bridge” the intention–behavior gap? A meta-analysis of meta-analyses is used to quantify the gap and a conceptual analysis of intention–behavior discrepancies is presented. Research is described on the extent to which four groups of variables—behavior type, intention type, properties of intention, and cognitive and personality variables—moderate intention–behavior relations. Finally, the scope of the intention construct is discussed in the light of recent evidence concerning the role of habits and automaticity in human behavior.
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“Still, the gap between intentions and behaviors is well documented (Sheeran, 2002)”
From A Randomized Controlled Trial of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Informed Diabetes Prevention Program Reduces Body Shame and Distress. (2025) · cites this paper as Sheeran, 2002
In the citing paper
“The intention-behaviour gap literature suggests that stated willingness may overestimate actual repayment rates (Sheeran, 2002).”
From Drivers of willingness to repay Parish Revolving funds (PRF) under Uganda’s Parish Development Model: a Bayesian Latent Class Logistic Regression (LCLR) approach (2026) · cites this paper as Sheeran, 2002
In the citing paper
“Consumers may declare a positive ATT towards a product without expressing the intention to purchase or perform the actually expected behaviour.”
From Internal factors influencing customer attitude, purchase intention and purchase behaviour with regard to green personal care products. A literature review (2023) · cites this paper as Sheeran, 2002
In the citing paper
“These results are consistent with previous studies indicating large discrepancies between participants' self-reported intentions and their subsequent behaviour in real-world tasks (Sheeran, 2002).”
From Strategic offloading of delayed intentions into the external environment (2015) · cites this paper as Sheeran, 2002
In the citing paper
“Since intentions explain less than 30% of the variance in behaviour across behavioural domains (Sheeran, 2002), implementation intentions have been proposed as a volitional strategy that can help bridge this gap.”
From The effectiveness of implementation intentions in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2026) · cites this paper as Sheeran, 2002
In the citing paper
“Since intentions explain less than 30% of the variance in behaviour across behavioural domains (Sheeran, 2002), implementation intentions have been proposed as a volitional strategy that can help bridge this gap.”
From The effectiveness of implementation intentions in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2026) · cites this paper as Sheeran, 2002
In the citing paper
“As is well known, intentions do not always translate into behaviors [47], [48], [49].”
From The Effects of Anti-Vaccine Conspiracy Theories on Vaccination Intentions (2014) · cites this paper as [49]
In the citing paper
“Intention, in turn, constitutes a motivational force for subsequent behavior (Fishbein & Ajzen, 2010;Sheeran, 2002) that predicts (healthy) eating behavior (Conner, Norman, & Bell, 2002).”
From Relationships between functional food consumption and individual traits and values: A segmentation approach (2021) · cites this paper as Sheeran, 2002
Citations
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- Sheeran , P. 1999b . Self-schemas. intentions and dieting behaviour (unpublished raw data). Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, UK
- Sheeran , P. 1999c . Doing and Di: Effects of priming Princess Diana on intentions to give to charity (unpublished raw data). Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, UK
- Sheeran , P. , Norman , P. , Trafimow , D. , Armitage , C. J. , Conner , M. and Orbell , S. 1999 . Why reason one's actions or plan one's behaviour: Degree of intention formation and intention-behavior relations (manuscript under review)
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- Sheeran , P. and Sutton , S. 1999 . Past behaviour and the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analytic review (unpublished raw data). University of Sheffield, UK
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sheeran, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Sheffield (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Sheeran, Paschal
- ORCID
- Sheeran, Paschal
- Venue
- European Review of Social Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2002-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-36
- ISSN
- 1046-3283 (ISSN-L)
- 1479-277X
- OpenAlex
- W2070257463
- Cited by
- 3,688
- References
- 141
- Citations by year
- 2026: 358 · 2025: 268 · 2024: 231 · 2023: 231 · 2022: 258 · 2021: 234 · 2020: 245 · 2019: 260 · 2018: 203 · 2017: 197 · 2016: 194 · 2015: 167 · 2014: 152 · 2013: 151 · 2012: 111
- FWCI
- 39.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Review of Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › Pro-Environmental Behavior and Attitudes
- Keywords
- intention-behavior gap, behavioral intention, behavior types, cognitive factors, personality factors, habit, automaticity, moderators
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