Cited by 127Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsAutophagy in Disease and TherapyNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Cholesterol impairs autophagy-mediated clearance of amyloid beta while promoting its secretion

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Barbero-Camps, Elisabet, Roca-Agujetas, Vicente, Bartolessis, Isabel, de Dios, Cristina, Fernández-Checa, Jose C., Marí, Montserrat, Morales, Albert, Hartmann, Tobias +1 more·2018·Autophagy

Abstract

Macroautophagy/autophagy failure with the accumulation of autophagosomes is an early neuropathological feature of Alzheimer disease (AD) that directly affects amyloid beta (Aβ) metabolism. Although loss of presenilin 1 function has been reported to impair lysosomal function and prevent autophagy flux, the detailed mechanism leading to autophagy dysfunction in AD remains to be elucidated. The resemblance between pathological hallmarks of AD and Niemann-Pick Type C disease, including endosome-lysosome abnormalities and impaired autophagy, suggests cholesterol accumulation as a common link. Using a mouse model of AD (APP-PSEN1-SREBF2 mice), expressing chimeric mouse-human amyloid precursor protein with the familial Alzheimer Swedish mutation (APP695swe) and mutant presenilin 1 (PSEN1-dE9), together with a dominant-positive, truncated and active form of SREBF2/SREBP2 (sterol regulatory element binding factor 2), we demonstrated that high brain cholesterol enhanced autophagosome formation, but disrupted its fusion with endosomal-lysosomal vesicles. The combination of these alterations resulted in impaired degradation of Aβ and endogenous MAPT (microtubule associated protein tau), and stimulated autophagy-dependent Aβ secretion. Exacerbated Aβ-induced oxidative stress in APP-PSEN1-SREBF2 mice, due to cholesterol-mediated depletion of mitochondrial glutathione/mGSH, is critical for autophagy induction. In agreement, in vivo mitochondrial GSH recovery with GSH ethyl ester, inhibited autophagosome synthesis by preventing the oxidative inhibition of ATG4B deconjugation activity exerted by Aβ. Moreover, cholesterol-enrichment within the endosomes-lysosomes modified the levels and membrane distribution of RAB7A and SNAP receptors (SNAREs), which affected its fusogenic ability. Accordingly, in vivo treatment with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin completely rescued these alterations, making it a potential therapeutic tool for AD.

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  • Aβ catabolism genes RAB5A, RAB11A, CLU, and LRP2 are down-regulated in AD monocytes, suggesting impaired Aβ catabolism in AD monocytes.

    “Similarly, several genes reported to be involved in Aβ catabolism, such as RAB5A, RAB11A, CLU, and LRP2 (49–53), were also down-regulated in AD monocytes, suggesting the impaired Aβ catabolism in AD monocytes.”

    From Understanding monocyte-driven neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease using human cortical organoid microphysiological systems (2025) · cites this paper as [50]

    The citation is attached to the description of RAB5A, RAB11A, CLU, and LRP2 as genes involved in Aβ catabolism; the down-regulation in AD monocytes is the citing authors’ own finding. The Discussion mentions RAB5A only as an indicator of early endosomal enlargement, while the Introduction describes Aβ clearance without linking it to those four genes. Searches for the gene names and their roles in Aβ degradation found no passage establishing the cited claim. (LLM, conf=0.72)

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Authors
Barbero-Camps, E., Roca-Agujetas, V., Bartolessis, I., de Dios, C., Fernández-Checa, J. C., Marí, M., Morales, A., Hartmann, T., & Colell, A.
Affiliations
  • Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
  • Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
  • Saarland University (DE)
Corresponding author
Colell, Anna
Venue
Autophagy
Published
2018-06-04
Volume
14
Issue
7
Pages
1129-1154
ISSN
  • 1554-8627 (ISSN-L)
  • 1554-8635
OpenAlex
W2805481194
Cited by
125
References
99
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 5
FWCI
10.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-nd
Locations
  • Autophagy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (SAF2013-47246-R, SAF2015-66515-R, SAF2015-69944-R)
  • FEDER
  • Fundació La Marató de TV3 (2014-0930)
  • Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI13/00374, PI16/00930)
  • US NIAAA (P50-AA-11999)
  • AGAUR (2014-SGR785)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
cholesterol, amyloid-beta, Alzheimer's disease, presenilin 1, autophagosome-lysosome fusion, amyloid-beta secretion, oxidative stress, mitochondrial glutathione, ATG4B, Rab7, snares, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, Niemann-Pick disease type C
MeSH terms
Autophagosomes, Autophagy-Related Proteins, Beclin-1, Sequestosome-1 Protein, 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, Animals, Autophagy, Cholesterol, Cysteine Endopeptidases, Lysosomes, Membrane Fusion, Membrane Proteins, Mitochondria, Endosomes, Signal Transduction, Amyloid beta-Peptides, tau Proteins, Sirolimus, Mice, Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2, Presenilin-1, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

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