Viral gene delivery vectors: the next generation medicines for immune-related diseases
Open accessAbstract
Viruses have evolved to efficiently express their genes in host cells, which makes them ideally suited as gene delivery vectors for gene and immunotherapies. Replication competent (RC) viral vectors encoding foreign or self-proteins induce strong T-cell responses that can be used for the development of effective cancer treatments. Replication-defective (RD) viral vectors encoding self-proteins are non-immunogenic when introduced in a host naïve for the cognate virus. RD viral vectors can be used to develop gene replacement therapies for genetic disorders and tolerization therapies for autoimmune diseases and allergies. Degenerative/inflammatory diseases are associated with chronic inflammation and immune responses that damage the tissues involved. These diseases therefore strongly resemble autoimmune diseases. This review deals with the use of RC and RD viral vectors for unraveling the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases and their application to the development of the next generation prophylactics and therapeutics for todays' major diseases.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
bioPROTACs would most likely be delivered as mRNA or DNA constructs via a viral vector gene delivery system or in a nanoparticle.
“Indeed, bioPROTACs would most likely be delivered as mRNA or DNA constructs via a viral vector gene delivery system204–206 or in a nanoparticle207–209.”
From PROTAC targeted protein degraders: the past is prologue (2022) · cites this paper as [204]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The future of immune checkpoint therapy
Sharma, P., & Allison, J. P. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaa8172 · Cited by 4,878 · see citing works
Nathan, C., & Ding, A. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.02.029 · Cited by 2,183 · see citing works
Decoding the Patterns of Self and Nonself by the Innate Immune System
Medzhitov, R., & Janeway, C. A. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1068883 · Cited by 2,154 · see citing works
Roles of the immune system in cancer: From tumor initiation to metastatic progression
Gonzalez, H., Hagerling, C., & Werb, Z. (2018) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.314617.118 · Cited by 2,111 · see citing works
Engineering adeno-associated virus vectors for gene therapy
Li, C., & Samulski, R. J. (2020) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-019-0205-4 · Cited by 1,175 · see citing works
Toll‐like Receptor and RIG‐1‐like Receptor Signaling
Kawai, T., & Akira, S. (2008) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1443.020 · Cited by 985 · see citing works
Boutin, S., Monteilhet, V., Veron, P., Leborgne, C., Benveniste, O., Montus, M. F., & Masurier, C. (2010) · Human Gene Therapy · doi:10.1089/hum.2009.182 · Cited by 970 · see citing works
Clinical use of lentiviral vectors
Milone, M. C., & O’Doherty, U. (2018) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-018-0106-0 · Cited by 930 · see citing works
Antigen-presenting cell function in the tolerogenic liver environment
Thomson, A. W., & Knolle, P. A. (2010) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2858 · Cited by 804 · see citing works
Turning the corner on therapeutic cancer vaccines
Hollingsworth, R. E., & Jansen, K. (2019) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-019-0103-y · Cited by 689 · see citing works
Oncolytic Viruses in Cancer Treatment
Lawler, S. E., Speranza, M. C., Cho, C., & Chiocca, E. A. (2016) · JAMA Oncology · doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.2064 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
Schumacher, T. N., Scheper, W., & Kvistborg, P. (2018) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053402 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Gasdermin E–mediated target cell pyroptosis by CAR T cells triggers cytokine release syndrome
Liu, Y., Fang, Y., Chen, X., Wang, Z., Liang, X., Zhang, T., Liu, M., Zhou, N., Lv, J., Tang, K., et al. (2020) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.aax7969 · Cited by 566 · see citing works
Adenovirus vectors for gene therapy, vaccination and cancer gene therapy
Wold, W., & Toth, K. (2014) · Current Gene Therapy · doi:10.2174/1566523213666131125095046 · Cited by 555 · see citing works
Basic Immunology: Functions and Disorders of the Immune System
Dorak, M. T. (2002) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/155.2.185-a · Cited by 489 · see citing works
Acquired resistance to immunotherapy and future challenges
Restifo, N. P., Smyth, M. J., & Snyder, A. (2016) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc.2016.2 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Beumer, W., Gibney, S. M., Drexhage, R. C., Pont-Lezica, L., Doorduin, J., Klein, H. C., Steiner, J., Connor, T. J., Harkin, A., Versnel, M. A., et al. (2012) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.0212100 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
The effect of population aging on health expenditure growth: a critical review
de Meijer, C. A. M., Wouterse, B., Polder, J. J., & Koopmanschap, M. A. (2013) · European Journal of Ageing · doi:10.1007/s10433-013-0280-x · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Vaccinia virus-mediated cancer immunotherapy: cancer vaccines and oncolytics
Guo, Z. S., Lu, B., Guo, Z., Giehl, E., Feist, M., Dai, E., Liu, W., Storkus, W. J., He, Y., Liu, Z., et al. (2019) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1186/s40425-018-0495-7 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Costimulatory and Coinhibitory Receptor Pathways in Infectious Disease
Attanasio, J., & Wherry, E. J. (2016) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.022 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Human Tumor Antigens and Cancer Immunotherapy
Vigneron, N. (2015) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2015/948501 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines
Larocca, C., & Schlom, J. (2011) · The Cancer Journal · doi:10.1097/ppo.0b013e3182325e63 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Defining and Understanding Adaptive Resistance in Cancer Immunotherapy
Kim, T. K., Herbst, R. S., & Chen, L. (2018) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2018.05.001 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Citrullinated proteins: sparks that may ignite the fire in rheumatoid arthritis.
Vossenaar, E. R., & VENROOIJ, W. J. V. (2004) · Arthritis Research · doi:10.1186/ar1184 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Inducing autoimmune disease to treat cancer
Pardoll, D. M. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.10.5340 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Alphavirus vectors and vaccination
Rayner, J. O., Dryga, S. A., & Kamrud, K. I. (2002) · Reviews in Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/rmv.360 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Genetics of autoimmune diseases: Insights from population genetics
Ramos, P. S., Shedlock, A. M., & Langefeld, C. D. (2015) · Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/jhg.2015.94 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Autoimmune or Immune‐mediated Pathogenesis?
Wen, Z., & Fiocchi, C. (2004) · Journal of Immunology Research · doi:10.1080/17402520400004201 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Winer, S., & Winer, D. A. (2012) · Immunology and Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/icb.2011.110 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Achinger-Kawecka, J., Valdés-Mora, F., Luu, P.-L., Giles, K., Caldon, C. E., Qu, W., Nair, S., Soto, S., Locke, W. J., Yeo-Teh, N. S., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-14098-x · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Morse, M. A., Hobeika, A. C., Osada, T., Berglund, P., Hubby, B., Negri, S., Niedzwiecki, D., Devi, G. R., Burnett, B. K., Clay, T. M., et al. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci42672 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Hepatic Gene Transfer as a Means of Tolerance Induction to Transgene Products
LoDuca, P. A., Hoffman, B. E., & Herzog, R. W. (2009) · Current Gene Therapy · doi:10.2174/156652309787909490 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Autoimmunity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: clinical and experimental evidence
Kheradmand, F., Shan, M., Xu, C., & Corry, D. B. (2012) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1586/eci.12.7 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Keeler, G. D., Kumar, S. R. P., Palaschak, B., Silverberg, E. L., Markusic, D. M., Jones, N. T., & Hoffman, B. E. (2017) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.09.001 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Immune Response Mechanisms against AAV Vectors in Animal Models
Martino, A. T., & Markusic, D. M. (2020) · Molecular Therapy - Methods & Clinical Development · doi:10.1016/j.omtm.2019.12.008 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
The Immunogenetic Architecture of Autoimmune DiseasePreprint
Goris, A., & Liston, A. (2012) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a007260 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The stem cell division theory of cancer
López‐Lázaro, M. (2018) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.01.010 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Vaccination-Induced Autoimmune Vitiligo Is a Consequence of Secondary Trauma to the Skin
Lane, C., Leitch, J., Xiaohua, T., Hadjati, J., Bramson, J. L., & Wan, Y. (2004) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-3227 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Liver induced transgene tolerance with AAV vectors
Keeler, G. D., Markusic, D. M., & Hoffman, B. E. (2019) · Cellular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.12.002 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Slovin, S. F., Kehoe, M., Durso, R. J., Fernandez, C., Olson, W. C., Gao, J. P., Israel, R. J., Scher, H. I., & Morris, S. A. (2012) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.11.096 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Herpes simplex virus‐based vectors
Lachmann, R. (2004) · International Journal of Experimental Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.0959-9673.2004.00383.x · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Stem cell division theory of cancer
López‐Lázaro, M. (2015) · Cell Cycle · doi:10.1080/15384101.2015.1062330 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Effect of autoimmune diseases on risk and survival in histology-specific lung cancer
Hemminki, K., Liu, X., Ji, J., Sundquist, J., & Sundquist, K. (2012) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/09031936.00222911 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Nanoparticle‐based approaches to immune tolerance for the treatment of autoimmune diseases
Serra, P., & Santamaría, P. (2018) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201747059 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Hüser, D., Khalid, D., Lutter, T., Hammer, E.-M., Weger, S., Heßler, M., Kalus, U. J., Tauchmann, Y., Hensel-Wiegel, K., Laßner, D., et al. (2016) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.02137-16 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Atherosclerosis as autoimmune disease
Šíma, P., Vannucci, L. E., & Větvička, V. (2018) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm.2018.02.02 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Omnipresence of inflammasome activities in inflammatory bone diseases
Alippe, Y., & Mbalaviele, G. (2019) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-019-00753-4 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Cancer vaccines in the era of checkpoint blockade: the magic is in the adjuvant
Overwijk, W. W. (2017) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2017.07.015 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Steinman, L., Ho, P. P.-K., Robinson, W. H., Utz, P. J., & Villoslada, P. (2019) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2019.07.011 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Chen, Y.-J., Liu, X., & Tsai, B. (2019) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v11100917 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Schlüter, A., Horstmann, M., Díaz‐Cano, S. J., Plöhn, S., Stähr, K., Mattheis, S., Oeverhaus, M., Lang, S., Flögel, U., Berchner‐Pfannschmidt, U., et al. (2017) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/cei.13075 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Autoimmune Aspects of Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Diseases: A Template for Innovative Therapy
de Haan, P., Klein, H. C., & Hart, B. A. ‘. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00046 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Toscano, M. G., & de Haan, P. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01160 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationAn alphavirus-based therapeutic cancer vaccine: from design to clinical trial
Singh, A. D., Koutsoumpli, G., van de Wall, S., & Daemen, T. (2018) · Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy · doi:10.1007/s00262-018-2276-z · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Plasmid DNA-Based Alphavirus Vaccines
Lundstrom, K. H. (2019) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines7010029 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation in autoimmune, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disease
Altmann, D. M. (2018) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.12943 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Toscano, M. G., van der Velden, J., van der Werf, S., Odijk, M., Roque, A., Camacho-Garcia, R. J., Herrera-Gómez, I. D. G., Mancini, I., & de Haan, P. (2017) · Molecular Therapy — Methods & Clinical Development · doi:10.1016/j.omtm.2017.06.007 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationThe crossroads between cancer immunity and autoimmunity antibodies to self antigens
Bei, R. (2017) · Frontiers in bioscience · doi:10.2741/4545 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Updates on Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy for Cancers
Peters, C. W., Grandi, P., & Nigim, F. (2019) · Molecular Therapy — Oncolytics · doi:10.1016/j.omto.2019.01.008 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Coaxing the liver into preventing autoimmune disease in the brain.
Hoffman, B. E., & Herzog, R. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci37079 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Gene Therapy Induces Antigen-Specific Tolerance in Experimental Collagen-Induced Arthritis
Tengvall, S., Eneljung, T., Jirholt, P., Turesson, O., Wing, K., Holmdahl, R., Kihlberg, J. O., Stern, A., Mårtensson, I., Henningsson, L., et al. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154630 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Ribeiro, K. C., Campelo, R. P., Rodrigues, D. D. R. F., Mattos, E. C., Brandão, I. T., Silva, C. L., Bouskela, E., Martinez, C. G., & Kurtenbach, E. (2018) · Autoimmunity · doi:10.1080/08916934.2018.1514389 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Recino, A., Gan, S. U., Sia, K. C., Sawyer, Y., Trendell, J., Kay, R. G., Gribble, F. M., Reimann, F. M., Foale, R., Notaridou, M., et al. (2018) · Gene Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41434-018-0052-5 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Cellular immune responses against cancer-germline genes in cancers
Dashti, S., & Taherian‐Esfahani, Z. (2019) · Human Antibodies · doi:10.3233/hab-190392 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 65 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
PROTAC targeted protein degraders: the past is prologue
Békés, M., Langley, D. R., & Crews, C. M. (2022) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41573-021-00371-6 · Cited by 3,395 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and autoimmune diseases amidst the COVID-19 crisis
Velikova, T. V., & Georgiev, T. (2021) · Rheumatology International · doi:10.1007/s00296-021-04792-9 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Rezaei, A., & Hashemi, E. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93153-4 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Clinical challenges in bone tissue engineering - A narrative review
Hoveidaei, A. H., Sadat‐Shojai, M., Nabavizadeh, S. S., Niakan, R., Shirinezhad, A., Mosalamiaghili, S., & Tabaie, S. A. (2024) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2024.117363 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Formica, M. L., Alfonso, H. G. A., & Palma, S. D. (2021) · Pharmacology Research & Perspectives · doi:10.1002/prp2.723 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Kolesnik, V. V., Nurtdinov, R. F., Oloruntimehin, E. S., Karabelsky, A. V., & Malogolovkin, A. S. (2024) · Clinical and Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/ctm2.1607 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
The ice age – A review on formulation of Adeno-associated virus therapeutics
Grossen, P., Skaripa-Koukelli, I., van Haasteren, J., Machado, A. H. E., & Dürr, C. (2023) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.07.002 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The Advantage of Using Immunoinformatic Tools on Vaccine Design and Development for Coronavirus
García‐Machorro, J., Ramírez-Salinas, G. L., Martínez‐Archundia, M., & Correa‐Basurto, J. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10111844 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Bernal, S., Pelaez, I., Alías, L., Baena, M., Pablo-Moreno, J. A. D., Serrano, L. J., Camero, M. D., Tizzano, E. F., Berrueco, R., & Liras, A. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22189705 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Cell‑based immunotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme (Review)
Bryukhovetskiy, I. (2022) · Oncology Letters · doi:10.3892/ol.2022.13253 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Genetically modified cell spheroids for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Jiang, Z., Xu, Y., Fu, M., Zhu, D., Li, N., & Yang, G. (2023) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.033 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Nanoengineered innovations on DNA delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy
Nunes, R. F., Valente, J. F. A., Patrício, T., & Sousa, Â. (2025) · Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2025.107131 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Macrocyclic peptides as a new class of targeted protein degraders
Jing, X., Mackay, J. P., & Passioura, T. (2025) · RSC Chemical Biology · doi:10.1039/d4cb00199k · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Nanotherapy for Neural Retinal Regeneration
Yu, C., Dong, L., Lv, Y., Shi, X., Zhang, R., Zhou, W., Wu, H., Li, H., Li, Y., Zhou, L., et al. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202409854 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Acute kidney rejection after anti-SARS-CoV-2 virus-vectored vaccine—case report
Vnučák, M., Graňák, K., Beliančinová, M., Jeseňák, M., Macháleková, K., Benko, J., Samoš, M., & Dedinská, I. (2022) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-022-00445-5 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Korovkina, O., Korzhikov-Vlakh, V. A., Polyakov, D. S., Solomakha, O., Dzhuzha, A. Y., Tennikova, T. B., & Korzhikova‐Vlakh, E. (2025) · Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.1002/macp.202400501 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
P26 enhances baculovirus gene delivery by modulating the mammalian antiviral response
Amalfi, S., Plastine, M. D. P., López, M. G., Gravisaco, M. J., Taboga, O. A., & Alfonso, V. (2023) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-023-12703-0 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Hyaluronic Acid-Graft-Poly(L-Lysine): Synthesis and Evaluation as a Gene Delivery System
Korzhikov-Vlakh, V. A., Teterina, P. S., Gubina, N., Dzhuzha, A. Y., Tennikova, T. B., & Korzhikova‐Vlakh, E. (2025) · Polysaccharides · doi:10.3390/polysaccharides6030060 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Gene Therapy in Rare Genetic Disorders: Current Progress and Future Perspectives
Khawaja, S., Ali, R. H., Ahmed, I., & Umair, M. (2025) · Current Genomics · doi:10.2174/0113892029361490250310041259 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Advancements in breast cancer mRNA vaccines: Current development and future prospects
Zheng, W., Chen, W., Hutvágner, G., Rangel, L., & Deng, W. (2025) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2025.189515 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Meng, L., Zhu, Z., Xue, M., Wang, F., Ma, Y., & Zhu, G. (2025) · Molecular Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s12033-025-01501-w · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hasan, I., Alharthi, F. A., Bishoyi, A. K., Menon, S. V., Thakur, R., Supriya, S., Ray, S., & Joshi, K. K. (2025) · Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2025.03.017 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Natural carrier systems in cancer vaccines and immunotherapy
Owliaee, I., Shoushtari, M. M., Karimi, Z., & Shojaeian, A. (2025) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2025.2535787 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The Role of Gene Therapy in the Treatments of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a review
Smail, H. O. (2020) · Biology Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry · doi:10.14421/biomedich.2020.92.57-64 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hoang, J., Tajalli, P., Omidiyan, M., Marquez, M. D., Khantamat, O., Tuntiwechapikul, W., Li, C., Kohlhatkar, A., Tran, H.-V., Gunaratne, P. H., et al. (2023) · Journal of Nanotheranostics · doi:10.3390/jnt4020009 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Antigen-Specific Inverse Vaccination Strategies Using Particle Systems for Multiple Sclerosis
Clark, K. A., Lukesh, N. R., & Ainslie, K. M. (2025) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5c01072 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Carbon Quantum Dots: Fabrication, Application and Future Perspectives
Shukla, G., Singh, D., & Verma, A. (2026) · Biomedical Materials & Devices · doi:10.1007/s44174-026-00687-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cheng, Q., Wang, T., Zhang, J., Tian, L., Zeng, C., Meng, Z., Zhang, C., & Meng, Q. (2023) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/d3tb01866k · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Harnessing micellar cationic nicotinamide conjugates as gene delivery and antiproliferative agents
Verma, N., Kumar, P., & Dhawan, U. (2025) · Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2025.107331 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cell and gene therapies—Emerging technologies and drug delivery systems for treating brain cancer
Ganipineni, L. P., Chan, Y., Ng, S. W., Kandalam, S., & Chereddy, K. K. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85503-7.00017-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Nonreplicating Viral Vectors for Vaccine Delivery
Balar, P. C., & Chavda, V. P. (2025) · doi:10.1002/9781394271566.ch5 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Genetically-encoded degraders as versatile modulators of intracellular therapeutic targets
Dai, C., Wang, J., Tu, L., Pan, Z., Yang, J., Zhou, S. Y., Luo, Q., Zhu, L., & Ye, Y. (2023) · Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.cobme.2023.100458
Bioprocessing and Analytical Development for Virus-Based Therapeutics
Chiramel, A. I., Pach, R., & Gautam, S. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28489-2_1
Clark, K. A., Barbery, B. G., Lopez, A. M., Hendricksen, A. T., Lukesh, N. R., Ontiveros-Padilla, L. A., Murphy, C. T., Williamson, G., Ly, S., Shilling, K., et al. (2026) · Biomaterials Science · doi:10.1039/d6bm01160h
- Authors
- De Haan, P., Van Diemen, F. R., & Toscano, M. G.
- Affiliations
- Department of R&D, Amarna Therapeutics B.V, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of R&D, Amarna Therapeutics S.L, Sevilla, Spain
- Corresponding author
- Toscano, Miguel G.
- ORCID
- Toscano, Miguel G.
- Venue
- Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2020-05-15
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-21
- ISSN
- 2164-5515 (ISSN-L)
- 2164-554X
- PMC
- PMC7872028
- OpenAlex
- W3025156007
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Amarna Therapeutics B.V
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Virus-based gene therapy research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Keywords
- cancer immunotherapy, T cell response, gene replacement therapy, genetic disorders, autoimmune disease, allergy, chronic inflammation, degenerative diseases, prophylactics
- MeSH terms
- Genes, Viral, Genetic Vectors, Viruses, Genetic Therapy, Gene Transfer Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review