In Vitro Methods of Assay of Antioxidants: An Overview
Abstract
With the current upsurge of interest in the function, measurement of efficacy and use of natural antioxidants, testing of antioxidant activity has received much attention. Several methods are being used, both in vitro and in vivo, to determine the antioxidant activity of natural antioxidants. Although, there is a great multiplicity of the methods used for the determination of antioxidant activity, there is no approved standardized in vitro method to evaluate the antioxidants of interest. This article presents a critical review of the various in vitro methods used for the determination of antioxidant activity and their merits and limitations.
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Based on their mode of action, antioxidants can be classified as primary, secondary, or co-antioxidants.
“Therefore, and based on their mode of action, the antioxidants can be classified as primary, secondary or co-antioxidants.”
From Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils: A Short Review (2010) · cites this paper as [28]
Secondary antioxidants can retard radical initiation by deactivating singlet oxygen, absorbing UV light, scavenging oxygen, chelating metals, or inhibiting enzymes such as peroxidases, NADPH oxidase, and xanthine oxidase.
“This can be performed by deactivating high energy species (singlet oxygen); absorbing UV light; scavenging of oxygen; chelating metal that catalyses free radical reaction, or inhibiting enzymes, such as peroxidases, NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidase, among other oxidative enzymes [28].”
From Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils: A Short Review (2010) · cites this paper as [28]
Secondary antioxidants react with initiating radicals, inhibit initiating enzymes, or reduce oxygen level without generating reactive radical species.
“Secondary anti-oxidants react with the initiating radicals (or inhibit the initiating enzymes), or reduce the oxygen level (without generating reactive radical species).”
From Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils: A Short Review (2010) · cites this paper as [28]
Primary antioxidants can donate a hydrogen atom rapidly to a lipid radical, forming a new, more stable radical.
“Primary antioxidants are able to donate a hydrogen atom rapidly to a lipid radical, forming a new radical, which is more stable.”
From Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils: A Short Review (2010) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Singh, S., & Singh, R. P.
- Affiliations
- Central Food Technological Research Institute (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Singh, R.P.
- ORCID
- Singh, R.P.
- Venue
- Food Reviews International
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2008-09-16
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 392-415
- ISSN
- 1525-6103 (ISSN-L)
- 8755-9129
- OpenAlex
- W2023983537
- Cited by
- 182
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Food Reviews International (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Division of Human Resource Development
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Free Radicals and Antioxidants
- Keywords
- antioxidant activity, in vitro antioxidant assay, natural antioxidants, method comparison, methodological limitations
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