Cited by 431HIV/AIDS drug development and treatmentPharmacogenetics and Drug MetabolismComplementary and Alternative Medicine Studies

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The Effect of Garlic Supplements on the Pharmacokinetics of Saquinavir

Piscitelli, Stephen C., Burstein, Aaron H., Welden, Nada, Gallicano, Keith D., Falloon, Judith·2002·Clinical Infectious Diseases

DOI 10.1086/324351

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Abstract

Herbal therapies are widely used, but there are few data on their interactions with conventional medications. This study evaluated the effect of garlic supplements on the pharmacokinetics of saquinavir. Ten healthy volunteers received 10 doses of saquinavir (Fortovase) at a dosage of 1200 mg 3 times daily with meals for 4 days on study days 1-4, 22-25, and 36-39, and they received a total of 41 doses of garlic caplets taken 2 times daily on study days 5-25. Blood samples were obtained on study days 4, 25, and 39 for determination of saquinavir plasma pharmacokinetic parameters. In the presence of garlic, the mean saquinavir area under the curve (AUC) during the 8-h dosing interval decreased by 51%, trough levels at 8 h after dosing decreased by 49%, and the mean maximum concentrations (Cmax) decreased by 54%. After the 10-day washout period, the AUC, trough, and Cmax values returned to 60%-70% of their values at baseline. Patients should use caution when combining garlic supplements with saquinavir when it is used as a sole protease inhibitor.

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Authors: Piscitelli, S. C., Burstein, A. H., Welden, N., Gallicano, K. D., & Falloon, J.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
ORCID: Piscitelli, Stephen C.
Burstein, Aaron H.
Falloon, Judith
Venue: Clinical Infectious Diseases
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2002-01-15
Volume: 34
Issue: 2
Pages: 234-238
ISSN: 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
1537-6591
DOI: 10.1086/324351
OpenAlex: W2132806259
Cited by: 431
References: 14
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 27
FWCI: 17.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Clinical Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies
Keywords: garlic supplements, saquinavir, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, herbal medicine, protease inhibitors, HIV antiretroviral therapy, plasma drug concentration, washout period
MeSH terms: Administration, Oral, Adult, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Combinations, Female, Garlic, Humans, Intestine, Small, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Plant Extracts, HIV-1, HIV Infections, Saquinavir, Dietary Supplements, Enterocytes

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The Effect of Garlic Supplements on the Pharmacokinetics of Saquinavir

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