The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Genetic Structure, Self-Identified Race/Ethnicity, and Confounding in Case-Control Association Studies
Open accessOverview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Inference of Population Structure Using Multilocus Genotype Data
Pritchard, J. K., Stephens, M., & Donnelly, P. (2000) · Genetics · doi:10.1093/genetics/155.2.945 · Cited by 33,908
Genetic Dissection of Complex Traits
Lander, E. S., & Schork, N. J. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8091226 · Cited by 3,413
Self-citationThe Apportionment of Human Diversity
Lewontin, R. C. (1972) · Evolutionary Biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-9063-3_14 · Cited by 2,472
Genetic Structure of Human Populations
Rosenberg, N. A., Pritchard, J. K., Weber, J. L., Cann, H. M., Kidd, K. K., Zhivotovsky, L. A., & Feldman, M. W. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1078311 · Cited by 2,222
High resolution of human evolutionary trees with polymorphic microsatellites
Bowcock, A. M., Ruiz-Linares, A., Tomfohrde, J., Minch, E., Kidd, J. R., & Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/368455a0 · Cited by 1,850
ESTIMATION OF THE COANCESTRY COEFFICIENT: BASIS FOR A SHORT-TERM GENETIC DISTANCE
Reynolds, J., Weir, B. S., & Cockerham, C. C. (1983) · Genetics · doi:10.1093/genetics/105.3.767 · Cited by 1,786
The Importance of Race and Ethnic Background in Biomedical Research and Clinical Practice
Burchard, E. G., Ziv, E., Coyle, N., Gomez, S. L., Tang, H., Karter, A. J., Mountain, J. L., Pérez-Stable, E. J., Sheppard, D., & Risch, N. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsb025007 · Cited by 1,103
Self-citationHaplotype Variation and Linkage Disequilibrium in 313 Human Genes
Stephens, J. C., Schneider, J. A., Tanguay, D. A., Choi, J., Acharya, T., Stanley, S. E., Jiang, R., Messer, C. J., Chew, A., Han, J.-H., et al. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1059431 · Cited by 873
Categorization of humans in biomedical research: genes, race and disease
Risch, N., Burchard, E., Ziv, E., & Tang, H. (2002) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2002-3-7-comment2007 · Cited by 793
Self-citationEstimating African American Admixture Proportions by Use of Population-Specific Alleles
Parra, E. J., Marcini, A., Akey, J., Martinson, J., Batzer, M. A., Cooper, R., Forrester, T., Allison, D. B., Deka, R., Ferrell, R. E., et al. (1998) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/302148 · Cited by 771
Cited by
Kuzawa, C. W., & Sweet, E. (2009) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.20822 · Cited by 701
How race becomes biology: Embodiment of social inequality
Gravlee, C. C. (2009) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.20983 · Cited by 625
Bigham, A., Bauchet, M., Pinto, D., Mao, X., Akey, J. M., Mei, R., Scherer, S. W., Julian, C. G., Wilson, M. J., López Herráez, D., et al. (2010) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1001116 · Cited by 597
Demonstrating stratification in a European American population
Campbell, C. D., Ogburn, E. L., Lunetta, K. L., Lyon, H. N., Freedman, M. L., Groop, L. C., Altshuler, D., Ardlie, K. G., & Hirschhorn, J. N. (2005) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1607 · Cited by 444
Hankin, B. L., Young, J. F., Abela, J. R. Z., Smolen, A., Jenness, J. L., Gulley, L. D., Technow, J. R., Gottlieb, A. B., Cohen, J. R., & Oppenheimer, C. W. (2015) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000089 · Cited by 443
Metadata
- Authors
- Tang, H., Quertermous, T., Rodriguez, B., Kardia, S. L. R., Zhu, X., Brown, A., Pankow, J. S., Province, M. A., Hunt, S. C., Boerwinkle, E., Schork, N. J., & Risch, N. J.
- Venue
- The American Journal of Human Genetics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-02
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 268-275
- ISSN
- 0002-9297 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2002395285
- Cited by
- 584
- References
- 22
- FWCI
- 25.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Genetic Structure, Self-Identified Race/Ethnicity, and Confounding in Case-Control Association Studies. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/427888
- The paper
- Tang, H., Quertermous, T., Rodriguez, B., Kardia, S. L. R., Zhu, X., Brown, A., Pankow, J. S., Province, M. A., Hunt, S. C., Boerwinkle, E., Schork, N. J., & Risch, N. J. (2005). Genetic Structure, Self-Identified Race/Ethnicity, and Confounding in Case-Control Association Studies. The American Journal of Human Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1086/427888
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
