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Cited by 489

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Crime and Criminal Justice in the United States

Open access
Sampson, Robert J., Lauritsen, Janet L.·1997·Crime and Justice
DOI 10.1086/449253
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Abstract

Although racial discrimination emerges some of the time at some stages of criminal justice processing-such as juvenile justice-there is little evidence that racial disparities result from systematic, overt bias. Discrimination appears to be indirect, stemming from the amplification of initial disadvantages over time, along with the social construction of "moral panics" and associated political responses. The "drug war" of the 1980s and 1990s exacerbated the disproportionate representation of blacks in state and federal prisons. Race and ethnic disparities in violent offending and victimization are pronounced and long-standing. Blacks, and to a lesser extent Hispanics, suffer much higher rates of robbery and homicide victimization than do whites. Homicide is the leading cause of death among young black males and females. These differences result in part from social forces that ecologically concentrate race with poverty and other social dislocations. Useful research would emphasize multilevel (contextual) designs, the idea of "cumulative disadvantage" over the life course, the need for multiracial conceptualizations, and comparative, cross-national designs.

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Metadata

Authors
Sampson, R. J., & Lauritsen, J. L.
Venue
Crime and Justice
Publisher
University of Chicago Press
Published
1997-01
Volume
21
Pages
311-374
ISSN
  • 0192-3234 (ISSN-L)
  • 2153-0416
DOI
10.1086/449253
OpenAlex
W2080643893
Cited by
489
References
5
FWCI
25.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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