A MAGELLAN MIKE AND SPITZER MIPS STUDY OF 1.5-1.0 M☉STARS IN SCORPIUS-CENTAURUS
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We obtained Spitzer Space Telescope Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS) 24 μm and 70 μm observations of 182 nearby, Hipparcos F-and G-type common proper motion single and binary systems in the nearest OB association, Scorpius-Centaurus.We also obtained Magellan/MIKE R ∼ 50,000 visual spectra at 3500-10500 Å for 181 candidate ScoCen stars in single and binary systems.Combining our MIPS observations with those of other ScoCen stars in the literature, we estimate 24 μm F+G-type disk fractions of 9/27 (33% ± 11%), 21/67 (31% ± 7%), and 25/71 (35% ± 7%) for Upper Scorpius (∼10 Myr), Upper Centaurus Lupus (∼15 Myr), and Lower Centaurus Crux (∼17 Myr), respectively.We confirm previous IRAS and MIPS excess detections and present new discoveries of 41 protoplanetary and debris disk systems, with fractional infrared luminosities ranging from L IR /L * = 10 -5 to 10 -2 and grain temperatures ranging from T gr = 40-300 K.We searched for an increase in 24 μm excess at an age of 15-20 Myr, consistent with the onset of debris production predicted by coagulation N-body simulations of outer planetary systems.We found such an increase around 1.5 M stars but discovered a decrease in the 24 μm excess around 1.0 M stars.We additionally discovered that the 24 μm excess around 1.0 M stars is larger than predicted by self-stirred models.Finally, we found a weak anti-correlation between fractional infrared luminosity (L IR /L * ) and chromospheric activity (R HK ), that may be the result of differences in stellar properties, such as mass, luminosity, and/or winds.
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Using the UCL subgroup velocity vector from Chen et al. (2011), the predicted RV of an ideal UCL member at the position of J1407 is γ = 7.0 km/s, with predicted rms scatter amongst members of ±1.3 km/s.
“Using the Upper Cen-Lup (UCL) subgroup velocity vector from Chen et al. (2011) ( U, V, W = -5.1 ± 0.6, -19.7 ± 0.4, -4.6 ± 0.3 km s -1 ), we predict the RV of an ideal UCL member at the position of J1407 to be γ = 7.0 km s -1 , with a predicted rms scatter amongst members of ± 1.3 kms -1 .”
From Mass and period limits on the ringed companion transiting the young star J1407 (2015) · cites this paper as Chen et al. 2011
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MESA ISOCHRONES AND STELLAR TRACKS (MIST). I. SOLAR-SCALED MODELS
Choi, J., Dotter, A., Conroy, C., Cantiello, M., Paxton, B., & Johnson, B. D. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/823/2/102 · Cited by 2,922 · see citing works
Gagné, J., Mamajek, E. E., Malo, L., Riedel, A. R., Rodriguez, D., Lafreniére, D., Faherty, J. K., Roy-Loubier, O., Pueyo, L. A., Robin, A. C., et al. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaae09 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
Self-citationPecaut, M. J., Mamajek, E. E., & Bubar, E. J. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/746/2/154 · Cited by 564 · see citing works
“UCL Interlopers Chen et al. (2011) reject HIP 70833 as a member of UCL since the cooler K3IV companion has an EW(Li λ6707Å) of only 0.01 Å.”
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Self-citationBAYESIAN ANALYSIS TO IDENTIFY NEW STAR CANDIDATES IN NEARBY YOUNG STELLAR KINEMATIC GROUPS
Malo, L., Doyon, R., Lafreniére, D., Artigau, É., Gagné, J., Baron, F., & Riedel, A. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/762/2/88 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS IN THE UPPER SCORPIUS OB ASSOCIATION
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THE SPITZER INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH DEBRIS DISK CATALOG. I. CONTINUUM ANALYSIS OF UNRESOLVED TARGETS
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Self-citationPecaut, M., Mamajek, E., & Bubar, E. (2012) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Self-citationTHE DISK POPULATION OF THE UPPER SCORPIUS ASSOCIATION
Luhman, K. L., & Mamajek, E. E. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/758/1/31 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Self-citationA Neptune-sized transiting planet closely orbiting a 5–10-million-year-old star
David, T. J., Hillenbrand, L. A., Petigura, E. A., Carpenter, J. M., Crossfield, I. J. M., Hinkley, S., Ciardi, D. R., Howard, A. W., Isaacson, H. T., Cody, A. M., et al. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature18293 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
THE COLLISIONAL EVOLUTION OF DEBRIS DISKS
Gáspár, A., Rieke, G., & Balog, Z. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/768/1/25 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Brandt, T. D., McElwain, M. W., Turner, E. L., Mede, K., Spiegel, D. S., Kuzuhara, M., Schlieder, J. E., Wisniewski, J. P., Abe, L., Biller, B. A., et al. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/794/2/159 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
The kinematics of the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association from Gaia DR1
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Self-citationMamajek, E. E., Quillen, A. C., Pecaut, M. J., Moolekamp, F., Scott, E. L., Kenworthy, M. A., Cameron, A. C., & Parley, N. R. (2012) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/143/3/72 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
“…peculiar velocity were calculated following Mamajek (2005), using the UCAC3 proper motion for J1407, and the updated estimate of the mean space motion for UCL from Chen et al. (2011): (U, V, W) = (-5.1±0.6, -19.7±0.4, -4.6±0.3) km s−1. pc), ∼ 107 year old, solar-mass pre-main sequence (PreMS) star.”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationDebris from terrestrial planet formation: the Moon-forming collision
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DEBRIS DISKS IN THE SCORPIUS–CENTAURUS OB ASSOCIATION RESOLVED BY ALMA
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Refining the Census of the Upper Scorpius Association with Gaia*
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A Stellar Mass Dependence of Structured Disks: A Possible Link with Exoplanet Demographics
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Desidera, S., Covino, E., Messina, S., Carson, J., Hagelberg, J., Schlieder, J., Biazzo, K., Alcalá, J., Chauvin, G., Vigan, A., et al. (2014) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201323168 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Kennedy, G. M., & Wyatt, M. C. (2013) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt900 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
DIRECT IMAGING OF AN ASYMMETRIC DEBRIS DISK IN THE HD 106906 PLANETARY SYSTEM
Kalas, P., Rajan, A., Wang, J., Millar‐Blanchaer, M. A., Duchêne, G., Chen, C., Fitzgerald, M. P., Dong, R., Graham, J. R., Patience, J. L., et al. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/814/1/32 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationThe TW Hydrae association: trigonometric parallaxes and kinematic analysis
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Re-examining the membership and origin of the ϵ Cha association
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Kraus, A. L., Cody, A. M., Covey, K. R., Rizzuto, A. C., Mann, A. W., & Ireland, M. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/807/1/3 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
DISTANCE AND KINEMATICS OF THE TW HYDRAE ASSOCIATION FROM PARALLAXES
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Self-citationWARM DEBRIS DISKS PRODUCED BY GIANT IMPACTS DURING TERRESTRIAL PLANET FORMATION
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Rizzuto, A. C., Mann, A. W., Vanderburg, A. M., Kraus, A. L., & Covey, K. R. (2017) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9070 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Marton, G., Ábrahám, P., Szegedi-Elek, E., Varga, J., Kun, M., Kóspál, Á., Varga-Verebélyi, E., Hodgkin, S. T., Szabados, L., Beck, R. E., et al. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1301 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
THE SEEDS DIRECT IMAGING SURVEY FOR PLANETS AND SCATTERED DUST EMISSION IN DEBRIS DISK SYSTEMS
Janson, M., Brandt, T. D., Moro‐Martín, A., Usuda, T., Thalmann, C., Carson, J. C., Goto, M., Currie, T., McElwain, M. W., Itoh, Y., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/773/1/73 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
A COMPREHENSIVE CENSUS OF NEARBY INFRARED EXCESS STARS
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Transient dust in warm debris disks
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Rizzuto, A. C., Newton, E. R., Mann, A. W., Tofflemire, B. M., Vanderburg, A. M., Kraus, A. L., Wood, M. L., Quinn, S. N., Zhou, G., Thao, P. C., et al. (2020) · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Bonnefoy, M., Perraut, K., Lagrange, A., Delorme, P., Vigan, A., Line, M., Rodet, L., Ginski, C., Mourard, D., Marleau, G., et al. (2018) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832942 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Mittal, T., Chen, C., Jang‐Condell, H., Manoj, P., Sargent, B. A., Watson, D. M., & Lisse, C. M. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/798/2/87 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationIMAGING DISCOVERY OF THE DEBRIS DISK AROUND HIP 79977
Thalmann, C., Janson, M., Buenzli, E., Brandt, T. D., Wisniewski, J. P., Dominik, C., Carson, J., McElwain, M. W., Currie, T., Knapp, G. R., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/763/2/l29 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
WISE circumstellar discs in the young Sco-Cen association
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DISCOVERY OF MOLECULAR GAS AROUND HD 131835 IN AN APEX MOLECULAR LINE SURVEY OF BRIGHT DEBRIS DISKS
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A Census of the Stellar Populations in the Sco-Cen Complex*
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BANYAN. XII. New Members of Nearby Young Associations from GAIA–Tycho Data
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New Young Stars and Brown Dwarfs in the Upper Scorpius Association∗
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Self-citationDistance and Kinematics of the TW Hydrae Association from ParallaxesPreprint
Weinberger, A. J., & Boss, A. P. (2016) · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationThe SEEDS High-Contrast Imaging Survey of Exoplanets Around Young Stellar Objects
Uyama, T., Hashimoto, J., Kuzuhara, M., Mayama, S., Akiyama, E., Currie, T., Livingston, J. H., Kudo, T., Kusakabe, N., Abe, L., et al. (2017) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/153/3/106 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Debris from terrestrial planet formation: the Moon-forming collision
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Bowler, B. P., Tran, Q. H., Zhang, Z., Morgan, M., Ashok, K. B., Blunt, S. C., Bryan, M. L., Evans, A. E., Franson, K., Huber, D., et al. (2023) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acbd34 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
DYNAMICAL MASSES OF YOUNG STARS. I. DISCORDANT MODEL AGES OF UPPER SCORPIUS
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The HIP 79977 debris disk in polarized light
Engler, N., Schmid, H. M., Thalmann, C., Boccaletti, A., Bazzon, A., Baruffolo, A., Beuzit, J.-L., Claudi, R., Costille, A., Desidera, S., et al. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730846 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
A WISE Survey of Circumstellar Disks in the Upper Scorpius Association*
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Self-citationCOPIOUS AMOUNTS OF HOT AND COLD DUST ORBITING THE MAIN SEQUENCE A-TYPE STARS HD 131488 AND HD 121191
Melis, C., Zuckerman, B., Rhee, J. H., Song, I., Murphy, S. J., & Bessell, M. S. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/778/1/12 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Transient dust in warm debris disks - Detection of Fe-rich olivine grains
Olofsson, J., Juhász, A., Henning, T. K., Mutschke, H., Tamanai, A., Moór, A., & Ábrahám, P. (2012) · Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1204.2374 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
A Large Moving Group within the Lower Centaurus Crux Association
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SPOTS: The Search for Planets Orbiting Two Stars
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DIRECT IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPY OF A YOUNG EXTRASOLAR KUIPER BELT IN THE NEAREST OB ASSOCIATION
Currie, T., Lisse, C. M., Kuchner, M. J., Madhusudhan, N., Kenyon, S. J., Thalmann, C., Carson, J., & Debes, J. H. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/807/1/l7 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Lodieu, N., Osorio, M. R. Z., Béjar, V. J. S., & Ramírez, K. P. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2279 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
A RESOLVED DEBRIS DISK AROUND THE CANDIDATE PLANET-HOSTING STAR HD 95086
Moór, A., Ábrahám, P., Kóspál, Á., Szabó, G. M., Apai, D., Balog, Z., Csengeri, T., Grady, C. A., Henning, T. K., Juhász, A., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/775/2/l51 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
A kinematic study and membership analysis of the Lupus star-forming region
Galli, P. A. B., Bertout, C., Teixeira, R., & Ducourant, C. (2013) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220704 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
THE AU MIC DEBRIS DISK: FAR-INFRARED AND SUBMILLIMETER RESOLVED IMAGING
Matthews, B. C., Kennedy, G., Sibthorpe, B., Holland, W., Booth, M., Kalas, P., MacGregor, M., Wilner, D. J., Vandenbussche, B. K., Olofsson, G., et al. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/811/2/100 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
WISE J080822.18−644357.3 – a 45 Myr-old accreting M dwarf hosting a primordial disc
Murphy, S. J., Mamajek, E. E., & Bell, C. P. M. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty471 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationHost Star Metallicity of Directly Imaged Wide-orbit Planets: Implications for Planet Formation
Swastik, C., Banyal, R. K., Narang, M., Manoj, P., Sivarani, T., Reddy, B. E., & Rajaguru, S. P. (2021) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd802 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
NEW BROWN DWARF COMPANIONS TO YOUNG STARS IN SCORPIUS-CENTAURUS
Janson, M., Jayawardhana, R., Girard, J. H., Lafreniére, D., Bonavita, M., Gizis, J. E., & Brandeker, A. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/758/1/l2 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Rodet, L., Beust, H., Bonnefoy, M., Lagrange, A., Galli, P. A. B., Ducourant, C., & Teixeira, R. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201630269 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
A MULTIPLICITY CENSUS OF INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS IN SCORPIUS-CENTAURUS
Janson, M., Lafreniére, D., Jayawardhana, R., Bonavita, M., Girard, J. H., Brandeker, A., & Gizis, J. E. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/773/2/170 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Survey of planetesimal belts with ALMA: gas detected around the Sun-like star HD 129590
Kral, Q., Matrà, L., Kennedy, G. M., Marino, S., & Wyatt, M. C. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2038 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
A Census of the Circumstellar Disk Populations in the Sco-Cen Complex*
Luhman, K. L. (2021) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac35e3 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
THE PECULIAR DEBRIS DISK OF HD 111520 AS RESOLVED BY THE GEMINI PLANET IMAGER
Draper, Z. H., Duchêne, G., Millar‐Blanchaer, M. A., Matthews, B. C., Wang, J., Kalas, P., Graham, J. R., Padgett, D. L., Ammons, S. M., Bulger, J., et al. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/826/2/147 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationHD 106906: A Case Study for External Perturbations of a Debris Disk
Nesvold, E., Naoz, S., & Fitzgerald, M. P. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa61a7 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
SPITZERIRS SPECTRA OF DEBRIS DISKS IN THE SCORPIUS–CENTAURUS OB ASSOCIATION
Jang‐Condell, H., Chen, C., Mittal, T., Manoj, P., Watson, D. M., Lisse, C. M., Nesvold, E., & Kuchner, M. J. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/808/2/167 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationDesidera, S., Covino, E., Messina, S., Carson, J., Hagelberg, J., Schlieder, J. E., Biazzo, K., Alcalá, J. M., Chauvin, G., Vigan, A., et al. (2014) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1405.1559 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Mass and period limits on the ringed companion transiting the young star J1407
Kenworthy, M. A., Lacour, S., Kraus, A., Triaud, A. H. M. J., Mamajek, E. E., Scott, E. L., Ségransan, D., Ireland, M., Hambsch, F.-J., Reichart, D. E., et al. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2067 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Using the Upper Cen–Lup (UCL) subgroup velocity vector from Chen et al. (2011) (U, V,W = -5.1± 0.6, - 19.7± 0.4, -4.6± 0.3 km s−1), we predict the RV of an ideal UCL member at the position of J1407 to be γ = 7.0 km s−1, c© 2014 RAS, MNRAS 000, 1–20”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationDavies, C. L. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz086 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Kenyon, S. J., & Bromley, B. C. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/817/1/51 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Nardiello, D. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2745 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Meng, H. Y. A., Rieke, G. H., Su, K. Y. L., & Gáspár, A. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/836/1/34 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationHD 144548: A young triply eclipsing system in the Upper Scorpius OB association
Alonso, R., Deeg, H. J., Hoyer, S., Lodieu, N., Palle, E., & Sanchis-Ojeda, R. (2015) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527109 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The First Scattered-light Image of the Debris Disk around the Sco–Cen Target HD 129590
Matthews, E. C., Hinkley, S., Vigan, A., Kennedy, G., Rizzuto, A. C., Stapelfeldt, K. R., Mawet, D. P., Booth, M., Chen, C., & Jang-Condell, H. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa7943 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationThree-dimensional structure of the Upper Scorpius association with the Gaia first data release
Galli, P. A. B., Joncour, I., & Moraux, E. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters · doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sly036 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
ROCKY PLANET FORMATION: QUICK AND NEAT
Kenyon, S. J., Najita, J. R., & Bromley, B. C. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/831/1/8 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
A DEEPSPITZERSURVEY OF CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS IN THE YOUNG DOUBLE CLUSTER, h AND χ PERSEI
Cloutier, R., Currie, T., Rieke, G. H., Kenyon, S. J., Balog, Z., & Jayawardhana, R. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/796/2/127 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
A Near-coplanar Stellar Flyby of the Planet Host Star HD 106906
Rosa, R. J. D., & Kalas, P. (2019) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab0109 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Analysis of 1SWASP J140747.93−394542.6 eclipse fine-structure: hints of exomoons
van Werkhoven, T. I. M., Kenworthy, M. A., & Mamajek, E. E. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu725 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationPre-main-sequence stars older than 8 Myr in the Eagle nebula
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THE NEARBY, YOUNG, ISOLATED, DUSTY STAR HD 166191
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Dynamical Masses of Young Stars. II. Young Taurus Binaries Hubble 4, FF Tau, and HP Tau/G3
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- Authors
- Chen, C. H., Mamajek, E. E., Bitner, M. A., Pecaut, M., Su, K. Y. L., & Weinberger, A. J.
- Affiliations
- Space Telescope Science Institute (US)
- University of Rochester (US)
- University of Arizona (US)
- Carnegie Institution for Science (US)
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2011-08-18
- Volume
- 738
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 122
- ISSN
- 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4357
- OpenAlex
- W2068806560
- Cited by
- 138
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 7.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- he
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Astrophysical Journal (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- California Institute of Technology
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Keywords
- Scorpius-Centaurus OB association, protoplanetary disks, debris disks, disk fraction, stellar ages, Upper Scorpius, Upper Centaurus Lupus, Lower Centaurus Crux, chromospheric activity, stellar winds, binary stars
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